甜叶菊中甜菊糖苷提取工艺的优化选择

以提取时间、提取温度、溶剂用量和浸泡时间为考察因素,采用正交试验优化甜叶菊中甜菊糖苷提取工艺。确定最佳工艺条件为:提取时间4h,温度40℃,溶剂用量25倍,不用浸泡。经过重复性实验验证,该工艺稳定可行,提取率较高。     

复方辛芷鼻腔黏附剂的提取工艺

优选复方辛芷鼻腔黏附剂处方中药材的提取工艺。采用正交试验,以木兰脂素和欧前胡素含量为评价指标,用RP-HPLC检测指标成分的含量,考察溶媒用量、提取时间和提取次数对提取工艺的影响。最佳提取工艺为A1B1C3,即用8倍量的乙酸乙酯热回流3次,每次1h。热回流法更适用于本制剂中木兰脂素和欧前胡素的提取,提取效率高且工艺简单。     

分光光度法测定锦鸡儿中的总黄酮

建立锦鸡儿中总黄酮的含量测定方法和最佳提取工艺.采用正交试验设计,以总黄酮含量为考察指标,研究锦鸡儿总黄酮的最佳提取方法;并利用分光光度法,以芦丁为对照品,对产于安徽的锦鸡儿原药材中的总黄酮含量进行测定.该药材总黄酮的含量为3.37％;最佳提取工艺为以90％的乙醇为溶剂、物料比1 ∶ 15g/mL、回流提取3次,每次60min.该工艺合理,黄酮有效成分提取率较高,可作为锦鸡儿中黄酮的提取方法.     

正交试验优选断血流软胶囊提取工艺

以醉鱼草皂苷Ⅳb含量、断血流总皂苷含量和浸膏得率为考察指标,采用正交试验设计优选断血流软胶囊的提取工艺。最佳提取工艺为药材粒度为中粉,10倍量水,煎煮2次,每次1.0h,优选得到的工艺稳定、合理、可行。     

微波辅助萃取法提取菟丝子总黄酮的最佳工艺

设计单因素和正交试验,采用微波快速反应系统对菟丝子进行提取,以芦丁为对照品,采用紫外分光光度法测定菟丝子中总黄酮的含量,以总黄酮的含量为考察指标,考察微波功率、提取时间、提取温度、乙醇浓度及料液比对总黄酮提取量的影响,优选最佳提取工艺。结果表明,微波辅助萃取法提取菟丝子总黄酮的最佳工艺条件为：乙醇体积分数70%、提取温度80℃、提取时间30min、料液比1∶20（g/mL）。     

基于正交试验法优选菊苣中总多糖的提取工艺研究

优选菊苣中总多糖的提取工艺。采用正交试验法,以提取液中总多糖的含量为评价指标进行试验。最佳提取工艺为：加入20倍量的水,提取2次,每次2h,温浸温度为60℃。该工艺合理,菊苣中总多糖提取率较高。     

香蕉皮中总黄酮的提取工艺

采用回流法进行香蕉皮中总黄酮的提取实验研究。以芦丁的含量为考察指标,用紫外分光光度法测定其含量,采用正交试验法对提取工艺条件进行优化,得出最佳提取工艺条件为:40%乙醇溶液;回流时间120min、提取温度90℃、料液比1:50(g/mL),在此工艺条件下测得香蕉皮中总黄酮的含量为0.946%。     

老鹳草中药材红外光谱的分析与鉴定

采用红外光谱、二阶导数光谱和二维相关红外光谱对来自黑龙江、吉林、辽宁三省的老鹳草中药材进行了分析。不同产地的老鹳草的红外光谱都具有1 730和1 337 cm-1等表征鞣质类成分的特征吸收峰和1 618和1 318 cm-1波数表征草酸钙的特征峰。其中还发现在1 370 cm-1的C—H弯曲振动区和1 230 cm-1的C—O伸缩振动区三产地老鹳草具有一定的差异性。在高分辨的二阶导数谱中, 1 509,1 204,764和763 cm-1附近的表征鞣质类成分的吸收峰更明显,三产地老鹳草在CO羰基伸缩振动区表征了脂肪类化合物的不同;尤其是在二维相关光谱上,各自的自动峰具有显著的差异性,黑龙江的老鹳草出现了7个自动峰,其中1 621 cm-1处自动峰最强;而在吉林和辽宁产地的老鹳草中同样出现了4个自动峰,前者1 580 cm-1处的自动峰最强,后者在1 649 cm-1处自动峰最强。该方法直观、简单、方便、快速,可以作为鉴别和鉴定同种不同产地老鹤草的一种新方法。     

白芷的提取工艺

探讨多因素实验条件对白芷的提取工艺参数的影响,以欧前胡素和异欧前胡素的含量为指标,以乙醇浓度、乙醇用量、提取时间、提取次数为因素进行单因素试验。结果表明,白芷的最佳提取工艺参数为:以8倍量80%乙醇提取3次,每次lh。     

马占相思树叶中总多酚的溶剂回流提取工艺

研究了溶剂回流法提取马占相思树叶中总多酚的工艺条件.在单因素试验的基础上,用正交试验法对马占相思树叶中总多酚的溶剂回流法提取工艺进行优选,选用L9(34)进行正交试验,以总多酚的提取量为参考指标,考察乙醇体积分数、料液比、提取时间、提取温度对马占相思树叶中总多酚提取量的影响.得到马占相思树叶中总多酚较佳提取工艺条件为:提取溶剂60%乙醇、提取温度80℃,料液比1:9、提取时间60min,提取次数5次,在此条件下,每克马占相思树叶中可提取总多酚25.71mg,提取物以多酚计的清除DPPH的IC50值为32.573g DPPH/g总多酚.     

三种中草药抗氧化性研究

微波辅助法提取3种中草药中黄酮类化合物,从还原能力、清除羟基自由基和抗油脂氧化方面,研究其抗氧化活性。结果表明：3种中草药中,总黄酮含量从高到低依次为：老鹤草（132.516mg/g）、豨莶草（78.4749mg/g）、白花蛇舌草（35.6519mg/g）。其提取物具有较好的还原能力,且对羟基自由基均有明显的清除作用,其清除效果随提取物浓度的增加而增强。三种中草药提取物也具有一定的抗油脂氧化能力,它们的抗氧化能力存在差异。实验结果为我们更加合理开发利用这些药用植物提供了很好的科学依据。     

Camu-camu bioactive compounds extraction by ecofriendly sequential processes (ultrasound assisted extraction and reverse osmosis)

Technical feasibility of an ecofriendly sequential process (ultrasound assisted extraction and reverse osmosis, or UAE and RO) was evaluated in order to obtain a functional Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) product with high vitamin C content. Water was used in the assisted extraction by probe ultrasound (UAE) in an experimental design to evaluate different times, amplitudes and temperatures. The best region for total phenolic (TP) and vitamin C (VC) extraction was 5 min, 60 °C and 30% amplitude. Following extraction, the sample was concentrated by reverse osmosis (R25a, 500 Da, polyamide, and 5 bar area 3 ft2), obtaining a relatively low fouling of 19%. At the end of the sequential process (by HPLC-DAD/UV vis), was obtained a concentrated camu-camu (CC) with high Vitamin C (52.01 ± 0.889 mg/g) and cyanidin-3-glucoside, being respectively 7.0 and 4.5 times higher; also the concentration of phenolic compounds was increased by 3.2 times (25.798 mg GAE/g), and anthocyanins in 6.5 times (66.169 mg of cyanidin-3-glucoside/100 g) as well as high antioxidant activity by all three methods evaluated (increased 3.0, 4.6 and 2.38 times for ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, respectively) by comparing the CC with the initial extract (CS). Twenty compounds were identified by UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, highlighting quercetin, gallic acid, p- coumaric, ellagic acid and cyanidin-3-glucoside, and at the first time alnusiin was detected in camu-camu. Therefore, the combination of ultrasound assisted extraction and reverse osmosis can be a promising profitable alternative in order to apply bioactive compounds in food, nutraceuticals and cosmetic matrices, bringing their benefits to consumers.     

正交试验法优选都梁凝胶贴剂的提取工艺

采用超声法优选都梁凝胶贴剂中白芷、川芎药对的最佳提取工艺.按照L9（34）正交试验设计,以欧前胡素、阿魏酸的转移率及干浸膏得率为综合评价指标,用高效液相色谱法进行含量测定.结果表明,都梁凝胶贴剂中白芷、川芎药对的最佳超声提取工艺为：8倍量的80％乙醇提取2次,每次超声40min;此时浸膏中欧前胡素的平均含量为0.1379％,阿魏酸的平均含量为0.1410％.本实验所建立的高效液相色谱法的准确度、精密度与重现性良好;提取工艺简便,合理.     

正交设计优选掌裂草葡萄中总黄酮的提取工艺

以芦丁为标样,采用荧光光度法测定掌裂草葡萄中总黄酮含量。以总黄酮提取率为考察指标,采用正交设计方法优选最佳提取工艺。结果显示:其优选工艺为:药材加15倍量的60%乙醇,在60℃下回流提取2.0h,重复提取3次,总黄酮提取率为35.99%。     

紫草的提取工艺

对紫草提取工艺中各参数进行了优化,为紫草工业化提取提供一定的参考;以左旋紫草素含量的测定为工艺指标,通过正交设计试验,对乙醇浓度,乙醇体积,浸泡时间,及渗漉时间各因素进行了考察;紫草最佳提取工艺为：5倍量80%乙醇浸泡16h,再加10倍量80%的乙醇渗漉4h;适宜工艺为：5倍量80%乙醇浸泡12h,再加10倍量80%的乙醇渗漉4h;本工艺设计合理,工艺稳定,左旋紫草素提取率高,质量可控,适宜于工业化生产。     

Continuous and pulsed ultrasound-assisted extraction of carob’s antioxidants: Processing parameters optimization and identification of polyphenolic composition

Polyphenols in carobs have recently attracted great attention due to their wide range of biological and health promoting effects. A comprehensive study was conducted to find an optimum method for the extraction, purification and characterization of these valuable bioactive substances. Under this framework, the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of polyphenols from carob pulp was optimized by the maximization of the yield in total phenolics using response surface methodology. In particular, the effects of solid-solvent ratio, solvent concentration, extraction time, sonication amplitude, and sonication mode were investigated and optimized using a complete experimental design. In comparison to conventional extraction techniques, UAE offered a higher yield of antioxidants and a shorter processing time. Solid-phase extraction was evaluated as a clean-up strategy prior to the electrophoretic analysis of extracts. The results from the analysis of real samples revealed the predominance of gallic acid and highlighted the great influence of the ripening stage on carobs composition.     

火棘果中总黄酮的含量测定

利用索氏提取法提取火棘果中总黄酮,以芦丁为对照品,紫外分光光度法测定其含量。在波长418nm处芦丁在浓度5—30μg.mL-1范围内具有良好线性关系,其相关系数r=0.9997。该方法简便、重现性好,可作为火棘中总黄酮含量测定的一种方法。     

Impact of ultrasound on extractability of native collagen from tuna by-product and its ultrastructure and physicochemical attributes

The effect of ultrasound treatment (300 W; 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 min) on the extractability of acid soluble collagen from yellowfin tuna skin and its structural, physicochemical and functional properties were investigated. Ultrasound treatments significantly increased collagen extraction yield from the tuna skin up to 2.7 times, compared to the conventional extraction with acetic acid. The level of proline, hydroxyproline and thermal stability of collagens increased by applying ultrasound while their native triple-stranded helical structure was well-preserved, as revealed by X-ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy. However, ultrasound treatment reduced the particle size of the collagens which increased their pH and salt induced solubility. The water holding capacity and the emulsifying properties of ultrasound treated collagens were also higher than those produced with the conventional method. Altogether, the results suggested that ultrasonication can be a promising assistant technology for improving native collagen extraction efficiency from tuna skin and its functionality but its duration should be carefully optimized.     

基于正交试验法优选红枣中总黄酮的提取工艺研究

采用正交试验优化红枣中总黄酮的提取,以芦丁的含量为评价指标。用12倍原料药的70%乙醇提取2次,每次1h,提取效果最好。该工艺可充分提取红枣中的总黄酮类成分,提高了药材利用率,为进一步研究红枣的有效成分奠定基础。