氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定1：5万区域地质调查样品中的As、Sb、Bi、Hg等4种元素

建立了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定1∶5万区域地质调查样品中的As、Sb、Bi、Hg等4种元素的分析方法,通过采用王水(1+1)分解样品,在盐酸(5%)介质中用硼氢化钾作为还原剂对As、Sb、Bi、Hg等4种元素进行氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定。方法检出限为0.008 9(As)、0.008 1(Sb)、0.008 1(Bi)、0.001 7(Hg)μg/g,测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)为0.82%～7.6%,准确度△lgC=-0.01～0.02。方法简便、成本低,检测结果准确,检出限、准确度及精密度均能达到行业规范要求,适用于1∶5万区域地质调查样品水系沉积物、土壤中As、Sb、Bi、Hg等4种元素的测定。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法在中药微量元素分析中的应用

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)用于测定可生成氢化物的金属元素,具有仪器结构简单、灵敏度高、气相干扰少和可多元素同时分析等优点.该文对HG-AFS在中药中微量及痕量As、Hg、Se、Pb、Cd、Sb和Ge分析中的应用及研究进展进行了评述,包括中药样品的预处理技术、消解方法、元素含量及形态分析.探讨了HG-AFS在中药微量金属元素含量和形态分析中存在的问题及应用前景.     

化学蒸气发生-四通道原子荧光光谱法同时测定高纯金中的痕量As,Sb,Bi,Te

采用化学蒸气发生-四通道原子荧光光谱法测定了高纯金中的痕量砷、锑、铋和碲。用乙酸乙脂萃取分离金,水相还原后采用化学蒸气发生-四通道原子荧光光谱法测定高纯金中的痕量砷、锑、铋和碲。在最佳条件下,方法对As,Sb,Bi,Te的检出限分别为0.04,0.05,0.04,0.03 ng/mL(3σ);测定精密度分别为0.98,0.89,0.94,0.99%(对10 ng/mL As,Sb,Bi和Te混合标准,n=7)。方法对实际样品中的As,Sb,Bi,Te进行了同时测定,测定结果与标准方法无明显差异,各元素的加标回收率为95%～105%。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)测定特硬铅合金中硒和碲

建立了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)测定特硬铅合金中硒和碲的分析方法。试样经硝酸和酒石酸溶解,硫酸沉淀分离基体铅元素。移取部分试液,在40%盐酸介质中直接用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)测定样品中的硒;另移取部分试液,加入氢溴酸挥发除去砷、锑、锡、硒等元素,在40%盐酸介质中用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)测定样品中的碲。考察了测定的最佳条件、铅及共存元素对测定的影响。测定硒和碲的相对标准偏差分别为7.5%～9.3%和3.6%～13.0%,加标回收率分别为88%～92%和98%～102%。准确度和精密度均能满足分析需要,具有较强的实用性。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定铅锭中的硒

采用硝酸溶样,在不分离大量铅基体情况下,用聚环氧琥珀酸(PESA)掩蔽基体,建立了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)测定铅锭中微量硒的简单、快速分析方法。研究了最佳溶样方法,探讨了PESA用量对测定结果的影响,优化了仪器的工作参数,考察了测定条件以及共存元素对测定结果的影响。实验表明,PESA可以有效地消除铅锭中基体元素Pb的干扰,铅锭中的共存离子Ca、Cu、Sb、Sn、Cr、Fe、Zn和Co不干扰Se的测定。Se的方法检出限为0.29ng/mL。该方法用于实际样品测量时结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.74%~3.08%(n=5)之间,加标回收率为95%~108%。     

顺序注射氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定硒和砷的研究

建立了一种顺序注射氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定试样中Se和As的方法,同时讨论了共存离子的干扰情况.在最佳实验条件下,Se和As的检出限分别为0.16和0.095 μg/L,加标回收率为92.4%～104.7%.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定高纯阴极铜中硒、碲

本文报道了采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)测定高纯阴极铜中硒、碲。实验考察了盐酸、三氯化铁的浓度对氢化物发生效率的影响,探讨了铜和其它共存元素的干扰情况。该法测定硒、碲的检出限分别为0.27μg/L、0.11μg/L,加标回收率分别为94.9%～114.0%、91.8%～105.3%,精密度为1.5%～7.8%。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法在金属材料痕量元素分析中的最新进展

综述了2007年以来氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法在金属材料中痕量元素分析方面的最新进展,重点介绍了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱分析法在测量As、Sb、Bi、Sn、Pb、Se、Ge、Te、Hg 9种痕量元素中的应用,并展望了该分析技术在未来的发展趋势。     

流动注射-氢化物发生-非色散原子荧光光谱法直接测定海水中的砷(Ⅲ)和砷(Ⅴ)的研究

用流动注射-氢化物发生-非色散原子荧光光谱法对海水中 As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的直接测定进行了研究.氢化物发生的最佳条件为:KBH4 溶液浓度为 5 g·L-1(含KOH 5g·L-1),流速 10.0 mL·min-1;样品酸度为1.3mol·L-1 HCl,流速4.2 mL·min-1.对基体 NaCl,MgCl2,CaCl2,Na2SO4以及微量共存金属离子(Cd,Zn,Pb,Cu)的干扰实验结果表明,基体和微量共存金属离子对 As(Ⅲ)的测定没有干扰.样品中As(Ⅴ)的测定用硫脲进行预还原,通过总量和As(Ⅲ)含量的差减得到As(Ⅴ)含量.在优化实验条件下测得方法的检出限(3σ)为0.08 ng·mL-1;7次测定的相对标准偏差为0.48%～1.30%(8.0 ng·mL-1标准溶液).标准曲线和标准加入法对海水样品测定的对照结果表明,两种方法测定结果吻合较好.该方法已应用于近岸海水和大洋海水中As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的直接测定.     

HCl沉淀分离-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定银锭中锑和铋

采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定银锭中铋和锑。用HCl沉淀分离银,滤液还原后利用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定铋和锑。方法检出限:Bi和Sb分别为0.02mg/kg和0.002mg/kg;回收率91%～96%;RSD小于1.2%。方法能同时准确测定铋和锑且检出限极低,测定结果与国家标准方法一致。     

氢化物发生(HG)-ICP-AES测定中药漏芦中微量砷、锑、铋的研究

提出氢化物发生等离子体原子发射光谱（ＨＥ－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ）值接测定中药漏芦中微量Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ｂｉ的方法。对影响分析信号的主要工作条件进行了选择和优化,对干扰元素及消除方法进行了考察。方法的检出限Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ｂｉ分别为２．７、３．４、２．８ｎｇ／ｇ,精密度（ＲＳＤ）为２．１％～５．０％,试样加入平均回收率为９２．５％～１０６．５％,本法用于中药漏芦的分析,结果满意。     

Determination of arsenic and antimony in electrolytic copper by anodic stripping voltammetry at a gold film electrode

A simple procedure is described for the determination of arsenic and antimony in electrolytic copper. The copper is digested with nitric acid and copper is separated from arsenic and antimony by passing an ammoniacal solution of the sample through a column of Chelex-100 resin. After digestion with sulphuric acid and reduction to arsenic(III) and antimony(III) with sodium sulphite in 7 M sulphuric acid at 80°C, both arsenic and antimony are deposited at-0.30V and their total is determined by anodic stripping; antimony is then selectively deposited at -0.05 V for anodic stripping. The lower limits of determination are 56 ng As and 28 ng Sb per gram of copper; relative standard deviations (n = 5) are in the ranges 6.1–15.0% for 5.5—0.5 ppm arsenic in copper and 4.1–6.8% for 2.6—0.6 ppm antimony.     

Simultaneous determination of germanium,arsenic, tin and antimony by molecular emission cavity analysis after hydride generation and gas chromatographic separation

Arsenic (0.1–5 μg), antimony (1–40 μg), tin (0.5–10 μg) and germanium (0.2–10 μg) are determined simultaneously by reduction to their hydrides with sodium tetrahydroborate(III), followed by gas chromatographic separation on a column of 10% E-301 silicone gum rubber on Porapak Q, and measurement of the emissions at 490 nm in an oxygen/hydrogen flame within a cavity. Detection limits for 1-ml samples are 35 ng As, 400 ng Sb, 85 ng Sn and 100 ng Ge. A more sensitive determination of arsenic (0.05–3 μg) and antimony (0.1–5 μg) in binary mixtures is also described; the detection limits are 15 ng As and 40 ng Sb.     

Hydride Generation Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometric Determination of Ultratrace Arsenic in High Purity Indium Oxide

A simple, sensitive, and interference free method was proposed for the determination of total arsenic in high purity indium oxide by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS). Preconcentration was carried out by distillation of volatile arsenic trichloride. Hydrazine sulfate was used as a prereductant to reduce As (V) to As (III). The volatile arsenic trichloride generation was based on the reaction between As (III) and hydrochloric acid, and vapors were absorbed with water. The method provides a linear response range of 2 ng/mL–70 ng/mL, a detection limit of 0.1 ng/mL, a recovery of 96%–113%, and an average relative standard deviation of 2.42%. The method was validated by means of interlaboratory comparative analysis with the proposed method HG-AFS, and the comparison of data by using proposed method HG-AFS and reference methods of ICP-OES and spectrophotometry.     

Determination of submicrogram amounts of arsenic and antimony by d.c. plasma arc emission spectrometry

The application of a d.c. plasma arc to the determination of submicrogram amounts of arsenic and antimony is described. Arsenic or antimony hydride generated by reduction with granulated zinc or zinc powder is collected in a liquid nitrogen trap and then swept into the plasma. The effects of the argon gas flow rates, d.c. are current, acid concentration, etc. were investigated. The limits of detection are 8 ng for arsenic and 40 ng for antimony. The standard deviations are 3.5% for 0.5 μg As and 4.5% for 0.6 μg Sb Interference from nitric acid up to 0.3—0.5 M could be removed by adding chromium(II) The proposed method was applied to the analysis of waste water and sea water.     

氢化物发生电加热石英管原子吸收法测定包头铁矿中的砷、锑、铋

研究了氢化物发生原子吸收法测定包头矿中痕量砷、锑、铋的分析方法,试验确立了反应条件,建立了以KI、抗坏血酸、硫脲为还原体系,消除试样中共存元素的干扰,利用KMnO4消除锑对砷的干扰.砷、锑、铋的检出限可分别达到:0.15,0.28,0.15 ng/mL.方法已用于包头矿分析.     

高效液相色谱-荧光分析法同时测定人体尿液中黄蝶呤与异黄蝶呤

建立了高效液相色谱-荧光法同时测定癌症病人尿液中黄蝶呤及异黄蝶呤的新方法。选择荧光检测波长λex=345nm,λem=420nm。以磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH=7.5)-甲醇(体积比为98∶2)为流动相,流速1.0mL/min,黄蝶呤与异黄蝶呤含量分别在0.0013～0.945μg/mL及0.00017～0.118μg/mL范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数分别为0.9999和0.9996,检出限分别为0.5ng/mL和0.05ng/mL,加标平均回收率在86.2%～107.5%之间。方法应用于癌症病人尿样分析,取得了较好的结果。     

氢化物发生-双道原子荧光光谱法同时测定钢中砷和锑

建立了一种氢化物发生双道原子荧光光谱法同时测定钢中痕量砷和锑的方法．对实验条件进行了优化,在最佳工作条件下,砷和锑的检出限分别为0．012ng／g和0．034ng／g,RSD分别为1．24％和1．97％．将本法应用于钢中的砷和锑的测定,采用加标回收实验控制方法的准确性,砷的回收率为96％～98％,锑的回收率98％～102％．     

Simultaneous speciation of inorganic arsenic and antimony in natural waters by dimercaptosuccinic acid modified mesoporous titanium dioxide micro-column on-line separation and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry determination

A novel absorbent was prepared by dimercaptosuccinic acid chemically modifying mesoporous titanium dioxide and was employed as the micro-column packing material for simultaneous separation/preconcentration of inorganic arsenic and antimony species. It was found that both trivalent and pentavalent of inorganic As and Sb species could be adsorbed quantitatively on dimercaptosuccinic acid modified TiO₂ within a pH range of 4–7, and only As(III) and Sb(III) could be quantitatively retained on the micro-column within a pH range of 10–11 while As(V) and Sb(V) were passed through the micro-column without the retention. Based on this fact, a new method of flow injection on-line micro-column separation/preconcentration coupled to inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry was developed for simultaneous speciation of trace inorganic arsenic and antimony in natural waters. Under the optimized conditions, an enrichment factor of 10 and sampling frequency of 10 h^− 1 were obtained with on-line mode. The detection limits of As(III), As(V), Sb(III), and Sb(V) are 0.53, 0.49, 0.77 and 0.71 ng mL^− 1 for on-line mode and as low as 0.11, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.13 ng mL^− 1 for off-line mode due to its higher enrichment factor (50), respectively. The relative standard deviations of two modes are less than 6.7% (C = 20 ng mL^− 1, n = 7). The concentration ratio of lower oxidation states/higher oxidation states changing from 1:10 to 10:1 has no obvious effect on the recoveries of As(III) and Sb(III). In order to validate the developed method, two certified reference materials of GSBZ5004-88 and GBW(E)080545 water sample were analyzed and the determined values are in good agreement with the certified values. The proposed method was successfully applied to the simultaneous speciation of inorganic arsenic and antimony in natural waters.