药物青蒿素与溶菌酶相互作用研究

应用荧光光谱、紫外-可见光谱法研究了青蒿素与溶菌酶的相互作用,发现青蒿素对溶菌酶荧光有猝灭作用。以Lineweaver-Burk双倒数方程和能量传递原理分别计算了二者反应的结合常数(K25℃=646.4L/mol,K35℃=518.8L/mol)和作用距离(r=3.08nm)。实验表明,随着温度升高,溶菌酶与青蒿素的猝灭曲线斜率降低,证明了二者的相互结合作用为单一的静态猝灭过程,其作用机制属能量转移机制。通过测定热力学参数,判断了青蒿素和溶菌酶之间的作用力类型,青蒿素与溶菌酶以疏水作用力相结合,导致溶菌酶内源荧光的静态猝灭。通过青蒿素与溶菌酶的结合反应,探讨了药物青蒿素在生物体内与蛋白酶的相互作用机理。     

荧光及ESI质谱法研究溶菌酶与磷酰化黄酮的相互作用

分别用荧光法和ESI质谱法研究了磷酰化黄酮和溶菌酶的相互作用 .结果均显示磷酰化黄酮能够和溶菌酶发生弱相互作用 ,与黄酮相比它对溶菌酶更具亲和力 .根据荧光猝灭双倒数图计算了磷酰化黄酮与溶菌酶之间的结合常数为k2 0℃ =1.68× 10 4L/mol,k3 7℃ =1.0 6× 10 4L/mol,实验证明随着温度的升高 ,磷酰化黄酮与溶菌酶的结合常数逐渐降低 ,说明了两者之间形成了复合物 ,此荧光猝灭过程为静态猝灭 .根据F ster能量传递原理计算出磷酰化黄酮在溶菌酶上的结合距离 ,并根据热力学参数确定了磷酰化黄酮与溶菌酶之间的作用力类型为电荷作用力     

2-巯基苯并咪唑与溶菌酶作用机理的研究

在生理条件下利用光谱法和分子模拟技术研究了2-巯基苯并咪唑对溶菌酶的毒性作用机理,分析了二者的结合特性,探讨了溶菌酶空间结构和酶活性的变化,模拟了二者的具体结合位置,结果表明2-巯基苯并咪唑可以通过静态猝灭的方式显著地猝灭溶菌酶的内源荧光。通过测量不同温度下的结合位点数、结合常数以及热力学常数,显示2-巯基苯并咪唑与溶菌酶主要通过氢键和范德华力相结合。分子模拟结果显示2-巯基苯并咪唑结合在溶菌酶的活性位点处,并最终导致溶菌酶空间结构和酶活性的变化。该研究为从分子水平上考察2-巯基苯并咪唑的毒性作用机理提供了参考。     

杯[8]芳烃与铈形成的镧系超分子作荧光探针测定蛋白质

研究了Ce 杯 [8]芳烃 蛋白质体系的相互作用和荧光发光情况。实验结果表明 :Ce 可产生λex,max=2 5 4nm ,λem ,max=36 1nm的自身荧光。杯 [8]芳烃在一定条件下能猝灭其荧光 ,加入蛋白质后体系的荧光又进一步猝灭 ,故可利用杯 [8]芳烃 Ce 形成的镧系超分子作荧光探针测定蛋白质 ,同时 ,初步探讨了体系的相互作用机理。该实验方法的线性范围为 1 1～ 11.4mg/L ;检出限为 2 .83× 10 -3 mg/L。本方法简便、可靠、灵敏度高     

杯[8]芳烃与铈(Ⅲ)形成的镧系超分子作荧光探针测定蛋白质

研究了Ce(Ⅲ)-杯[8]芳烃-蛋白质体系的相互作用和荧光发光情况.实验结果表明:Ce(Ⅲ)可产生λex,max＝254nm,λem,max=361nm的自身荧光.杯[8]芳烃在一定条件下能猝灭其荧光,加入蛋白质后体系的荧光又进一步猝灭,故可利用杯[8]芳烃-Ce(Ⅲ)形成的镧系超分子作荧光探针测定蛋白质,同时,初步探讨了体系的相互作用机理.该实验方法的线性范围为1.1～11.4mg/L;检出限为2.83×10-3 mg/L.本方法简便、可靠、灵敏度高.     

2,4-二硝基苯胺与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的研究

通过荧光和紫外光谱法研究了2,4-二硝基苯胺同牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用. 2,4-二硝基苯胺对牛血清白蛋白的内源荧光具有强烈的猝灭作用. 二者之间形成不发荧光的复合物是导致荧光猝灭的主要原因. 计算了其结合常数和结合位点数. 紫外光谱法进一步证明了其猝灭机理为静态猝灭. 根据能量转移理论计算了作用距离(3.13 nm). 同步荧光的结果表明2,4-二硝基苯胺的存在改变了牛血清白蛋白的分子构象.     

荧光光谱法研究2,4,6-三氯苯酚与胰蛋白酶的相互作用

运用荧光光谱法研究了2,4,6-三氯苯酚与胰蛋白酶的相互作用。结果表明:2,4,6-三氯苯酚通过静电和疏水作用力与胰蛋白酶形成基态复合物导致胰蛋白酶内源荧光猝灭,猝灭机理主要为静态猝灭。计算了该反应的表观结合常数K、结合位点数n及结合反应的热力学参数,并用同步荧光和三维荧光技术考察了2,4,6-三氯苯酚对胰蛋白酶构象的影响,酪氨酸和色氨酸残基所处微环境的疏水性增加。     

烟碱与人血清蛋白相互作用的光谱研究

在0.1 mol/L的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸体系中,采用荧光光谱、紫外吸收光谱研究了人血清蛋白与烟碱的相互作用.荧光滴定表明这种相互作用使HSA的内源荧光猝灭.通过猝灭常数、结合常数和结合位点数的计算,证明了这种猝灭为静态猝灭机制.尼古丁和HSA形成11稳定复合物;考察不同温度和酸度下的猝灭作用,进一步证实其静态猝灭行为和疏水作用机制.紫外吸收光谱和同步荧光光谱表明,相互作用引起HSA构象变化,而同步荧光光谱提示结合位点更接近于色氨酸.     

木犀草素抑制酪氨酸酶活性的分子机制

通过酶抑制动力学实验、荧光猝灭实验以及分子对接技术研究了木犀草素对酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用。酶抑制动力学实验结果表明:木犀草素是酪氨酸酶的非竞争性抑制剂,抑制常数KI与IC50分别为86mmol/L和778.2μmol/L;荧光猝灭实验结果表明:木犀草素对酪氨酸酶产生静态荧光猝灭作用,疏水作用与氢键作用共同稳定其复合物结构,结合位点数为1;分子对接结果表明:木犀草素在酪氨酸酶疏水口袋边缘与其相互作用,相互作用力包括疏水作用力与氢键。     

β-环糊精增敏荧光猝灭法对粮食样品中L-色氨酸的分析研究

研究了Se(Ⅳ)-丁基罗丹明B与L-色氨酸结合物在β-环糊精(β-CD)介质中的荧光光谱行为.加入L-色氨酸可使Se(Ⅳ)-丁基罗丹明B体系发生荧光猝灭,β-CD的加入导致溶液中荧光猝灭值ΔIF增加,且L-色氨酸的质量浓度与ΔIF呈良好的线性关系,据此建立了荧光猝灭测定L-色氨酸的新方法.优化了实验条件,结果表明:β-CD对测定具有增敏作用,色氨酸的质量浓度在1.0 ～30.0 mg/L范围内与荧光强度呈线性关系,回归方程为ΔIF =399.1ρ(mg/L)+258.9,相关系数r=0.999 3,检出限为0.21 mg/L.将方法用于粮食样品中L-色氨酸的测定,结果令人满意.     

Interactions of Gold Nanoparticles and Lysozyme by Fluorescence Quenching Method

The fluorescence quenching technique was applied to study the interactions between lysozyme and Gold nanoparticles (GNPs). GNPs were synthesized by microwave assisted heating under reflux, using trisodium citrate as the reducing agent. The UV-visible spectra and TEM image were used to characterize the GNPs. The GNPs had a maximum absorption peak at 520 nm, with an average diameter of 13.3 nm. The fluorescence quenching mechanism was studied by Stern-Volmer equation. It was proved that the fluorescence quenching of lysozyme by GNPs was mainly a result of the formation of a lysozyme-GNP complex. Experimental results indicated that the combination reactions of GNPs and lysozyme were static quenching processes. It can be expected that the fluorescence quenching technique could provide a promising tool to study the interactions of GNPs and proteins. The binding constants, the number of binding sites at different temperatures and corresponding thermodynamic parameters ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS were also calculated.     

羟基功能化离子液体与溶菌酶相互作用的研究

采用荧光光谱和紫外吸收光谱研究了羟基功能化离子液体1-(1,2-二羟基丙基)-3-甲基咪唑氯盐([2,3-dhpmim]Cl)、1-(1,2-二羟基丙基)-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([2,3-dhpmim]BF4)、1-(1,2-二羟基丙基)-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([2,3-dhpmim]PF6)与溶菌酶的相互作用。研究发现此3种离子液体对溶菌酶的荧光猝灭均为静态猝灭;同步荧光显示离子液体与溶菌酶肽链上的色氨酸残基作用,色氨酸残基微环境发生改变;结合常数和结合位点数按照[2,3-dhpmim]Cl、[2,3-dhpmim]BF4、[2,3-dhpmim]PF6顺序依次增大,并随温度的升高而增大。     

Investigation of the interactions of lysozyme and trypsin with biphenol A using spectroscopic methods

The interaction between bisphenol A (BPA) and lysozyme (or trypsin) was investigated by UV–vis absorption, fluorescence, synchronous fluorescence, and three-dimensional fluorescence spectra techniques under physiological pH 7.40. BPA effectively quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of lysozyme and trypsin via static quenching. H-bonds and van der Waals interactions played a major role in stabilizing the BPA–proteinase complex. The distance r between donor and acceptor was obtained to be 1.65 and 2.26 nm for BPA–lysozyme and BPA–trypsin complexes, respectively. The effect of BPA on the conformation of lysozyme and trypsin was analyzed using synchronous fluorescence and three-dimensional fluorescence spectra.     

Investigation of the interaction between chlorophenols and lysozyme in solution

The binding interactions of lysozyme with 2-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol were investigated by UV-vis absorption, CD, fluorescence, synchronous fluorescence, and three-dimensional fluorescence spectra techniques under physiological pH 7.40. The binding constants, quenching mechanism, and the number of binding sites were determined by the quenching of lysozyme fluorescence in presence of chlorophenols. H-bonds and hydrophobic interactions played major roles in stabilizing the chlorophenols-lysozyme complex. The distances r between chlorophenols and lysozyme were calculated to be 1.94nm, 2.75nm, 3.54nm, and 3.76nm for 2-CP, 2,4-DCP, 2,4,6-TCP, and PCP, respectively. The effects of chlorophenols on the conformation of lysozyme were analyzed using CD, synchronous fluorescence and three-dimensional fluorescence spectra.     

荧光法研究不同离子对溶菌酶的猝灭作用

本文利用荧光法,在生理pH(7.37±0.02)条件下,分别测定了Fe3+、Cu2+、Ni2+、Co2+、NO2-、I-、盐酸胍对溶菌酶的猝灭作用。用荧光猝灭法求得不同猝灭剂对溶菌酶的猝灭常数KSV、生成常数KA、离解常数KD、结合位点数n和热力学参数ΔrGmΘ、ΔrHmΘ、ΔrSmΘ。据此判断了体系中猝灭剂对溶菌酶的作用机理。I-对溶菌酶的猝灭是动态猝灭,而Fe3+、Cu2+、NO2-Ni2+、Co2+及盐酸胍对溶菌酶是静态猝灭;Fe3+、Cu2+、Ni2+、Co2+与溶菌酶之间的作用力主要为氢键、范德华力;NO2-与溶菌酶间的作用力主要为静电作用力;I-与溶菌酶之间的作用力主要为疏水作用力。在分子水平上理解这些外源性化合物与溶菌酶的作用机理具有及其重要意义。     

Spectroscopic studies on the interaction between CdTe nanoparticles and lysozyme

Nanoparticles of cadmium telluride (CdTe) coated with thioglycolic acid (TGA) were prepared in the water phase. The interaction between CdTe nanoparticles (NPs) and lysozyme (Lyz) was investigated by fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy at pH 7.40. It was proved that the fluorescence quenching of Lyz by CdTe NPs was mainly a result of the formation of CdTe-Lyz complex. By the fluorescence quenching results, the Stern-Volmer quenching constant (K(SV)), binding constant (Ka) and binding sites (n) were calculated. The binding distance (r) between Lyz (the donor) and CdTe NPs (the acceptor) was obtained according to fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Gradual addition of CdTe NPs to the solution of Lyz led to a marked increase in fluorescence polarization (P) of Lyz, which indicated that CdTe NPs were located in a restricted environment of Lyz. The effect of CdTe NPs on the conformation of Lyz has been analyzed by means of synchronous fluorescence spectra and CD spectra, which provided the evidence that the secondary structure of Lyz has been changed by the interaction of CdTe NPs with Lyz.     

光谱法研究核壳量子点CdTe/CdS与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

应用荧光光谱、圆二色光谱和紫外吸收光谱等技术研究核壳量子点CdTe/CdS与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)相互作用的结果表明,CdTe/CdS对BSA的荧光猝灭机理为静态猝灭。根据不同温度下量子点对BSA的荧光猝灭作用计算了结合常数、热力学参数,证明了量子点与BSA相互作用力主要是范德华力或氢键作用力。探讨了量子点对BSA构象的影响。     

光谱法研究硫鸟嘌呤与七元瓜环及牛血清白蛋白的超分子相互作用

利用紫外-可见吸收光谱法和荧光光谱法研究了抗癌药物硫鸟嘌呤(6-TG)与七元瓜环(Q[7])及牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用. 结果表明, 6-TG与Q[7]及BSA可形成三元复合物, 且6-TG与Q[7]及BSA均可形成1:1的超分子配合物, 6-TG能引起BSA的荧光猝灭, 猝灭机制为静态猝灭. 此外, 还用同步荧光法和三维荧光法考察了6-TG对BSA构象的影响, 结果表明6-TG的加入使BSA的构象发生了变化, 而同步荧光光谱结果表明结合位点更接近于色氨酸.     

Two-dimensional fluorescence correlation spectroscopy IV: resolution of fluorescence of tryptophan residues in alcohol dehydrogenase and lysozyme

Generalized two-dimensional (2D) fluorescence correlation spectroscopy has been used to resolve the fluorescence spectra of two tryptophan (Trp) residues in alcohol dehydrogenase and lysozyme. In each protein, one Trp residue is buried in a hydrophobic domain of the protein matrix and the other Trp residue is located at a hydrophilic domain close to the protein-water interface. Fluorescence quenching by iodide ion, a hydrophilic quencher, was employed as a perturbation to induce the intensity change in the spectra. The Trp residue which is located at the hydrophilic domain is effectively quenched by the quencher, while the Trp residue located at the hydrophobic domain is protected from the quenching. Therefore, the fluorescence of these two Trp residues have a different sensitivity to the quenching, showing a different response to the concentration of the quencher. Fluorescence spectra of the two Trp residues in alcohol dehydrogenase, which are heavily overlapped in conventional one-dimensional spectra, have been successfully resolved by the 2D correlation technique. From the asynchronous correlation map, it was revealed that the quenching of Trp located at the hydrophobic part was brought about after that of Trp located at the hydrophilic part. In contrast, the fluorescence spectra of the two Trp residues could not be resolved after the alcohol dehydrogenase was denatured with guanidine hydrochloride. These results are consistent with the well-known structure of alcohol dehydrogenase. Furthermore, it was elucidated that the present 2D analysis is not interfered by Raman bands of the solvent, which sometimes bring difficulty into the conventional fluorescence analysis. Fluorescence spectra of the Trp residues in lysozyme could not be resolved by the 2D correlation technique. The differences between the two proteins are attributed to the fact that the Trp residue in the hydrophobic site of lysozyme is not sufficiently protected from the quenching.     

Structure-property relationships in polyamide 12/halloysite nanotube nanocomposites

Polyamide 12 (PA12) nanocomposites based on halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were obtained using a batch internal mixer or a twin-screw mini-compounder. In order to analyze the influence of HNTs dispersion on nanocomposite properties, morphological analysis (SEM and TEM) was combined with rheological and thermo-mechanical experiments. The linear viscoelastic properties and the dynamic storage modulus were expectedly found to increase with increasing HNT loading. Higher enhancements were observed for PA12/HNTs nanocomposites obtained by twin-screw mini-compounding. This finding was related to the better degree of dispersion and alignment of the silicate nanotubes throughout the matrix. Thermal stability was also improved by the halloysite nanotubes presumably by an entrapment mechanism of the volatile products inside the hollow tubular structure. DSC measurements further highlighted a nucleation effect of HNTs on the nanocomposites. In view of these results, halloysite nanotubes are promising candidates in the field of PA nanocomposites for structural applications.