关于“弹性力学平面问题位移函数的研究”的讨论

本文通过Ｌｏｖｅ位移函数导出了各向同性弹性力学平面问题的位移通解，从而证明了文［１］中结论只是空间问题位移通解的一种特例．     

横观各向同性三维热弹性力学通解及其势理论法

通过引入两个位移函数，对用位移表达的运动平衡方程作了简化．利用算子理论，严格地导出了横观各向同性非耦合热弹性动力学问题的通解．对于静力学问题，通解的形式可进一步简化成用4个准调和函数来表示．具体考察了横观各向同性体内平面裂纹上下表面有对称分布温度作用的问题，推广了势理论方法，导出了一个积分方程和一个微分-积分方程．针对币状裂纹表面受均布温度作用情形，给出了具体的解。     

弹性力学平面问题的应力函数的选择

弹性力学平面问题的应力解法,归之为求解满足边界条件的双调和方程.要从纯数学上来求出双调和方程的通解是很困难的,也是不必要的.所以弹性力学中不得不采用逆解法和半逆解法,来试凑出一个满足边界条件和双调和方程的解.但是,要从众多的函数中,选择一个既满足边界条件,又满足双调和方程的应力函数,谈何容易,这常使一些初学者感到束手无策.如果我们从边界上的已知应力分布规律出发,就很容易找到所需的应力函数了.例如,在直角坐标解法中,双调和方程为...     

弹性力学平面问题的应力函数的选择

弹性力学平面问题的应力解法,归之为求解满足边界条件的双调和方程.要从纯数学上来求出双调和方程的通解是很困难的,也是不必要的.所以弹性力学中不得不采用逆解法和半逆解法,来试凑出一个满足边界条件和双调和方程的解.但是,要从众多的函数中,选择一个既满足边界条件,又满足双调和方程的应力函数,谈何容易,这常使一些初学者感到束手无策.如果我们从边界上的已知应力分布规律出发,就很容易找到所需的应力函数了.例如,在直角坐标解法中,双调和方程为     

弹性力学平面问题位移函数的研究

本文推导出各向同性弹性力学平面问题位移的完备通解，该位移通解的导出，使求解任何边界条件的平面问题成为现实     

弹性力学平面问题的位移型解答

本文证明了一个线性常系数偏微分方程的通解定理,利用这个通解定理导出了弹性力学平面问题的位移通解。     

一类新变量的Reissner板弯曲边界元法

文［４］导出了二维弹性力学平面问题的一类新型边界积分方程，本文将该理论和方法推广到三变量的Ｒｅｉｓｓｎｅｒ板弯曲中，给出边界场变量含广义位移和新型广义力的边界积分方程。从而边界弯矩应力张量可直接由离散边界积分方程求出。     

欧拉微分式的一种简化方法

欧拉微分式的一种简化方法冯贤桂（重庆大学，重庆６３００４４）在材料力学和弹性力学中平面极坐标问题的求解及轴对称问题的计算，常常遇到欧拉微分方程的求解．例如，轴对称厚壁圆筒的位移法求解的基本方程为￣［１］圆形薄板轴对称弯曲位移法基本方程￣［２］方程（１...     

关于弹性平面问题协调方程的讨论

关于弹性力学平面问题的协调方程几乎所有的弹性力学书都有所讨论,但没有一本书把平面问题的协调方程与空间问题联系起来讨论,因为任何实际问题都是空间问题,所谓平面问题只是空间问题的一种简化。专著[1]似乎想从空间同题的协调方程讨论平面阃题的协调方程。但是我们认为专著[1]关于平面应力问题协调方程的讨论尚有不妥之处,下面提出我们 ...     

常体力真平面应力下弹性力学应力分量函数类

 由弹性力学协调方程推导出真平面应力情况下， 应力分量皆为调和函数. 并指出利用调和函数的性质 可区别弹性力学解答是精确的还是近乎精确的.     

An extension of generalized plane stress for problems with out-of-plane restraint

The standard concept of generalized plane stress is extended to obtain a new mathematical model for studying the effect of local out-of-plane displacement restraint on the in-plane stresses and displacements in thin plates. It is pointed out how this model may be used by the photoelastician, whose otherwise plane-stress experiment introduces an unavoidable out-of-plane restraint condition in the model, to obtain some estimate of the deviation to be expected between the results of his experiment and the actual plane-stress solution of the problem. In this way, the model may be applied to aid in the interpretation of a large class of two-dimensional photoelastic analyses involving the determination of stresses near rigid inclusions and rigid boundaries. The extended model is then applied to the problem of an annular disk subjected to thermal shrinkage and completely restrained at its outer boundary. In view of the simplicity of the model, the predicted radial and circumferential stress distributions agree remarkably well with existing photoelastic data. In contrast, results obtained from standard generalized plane-stress theory, which cannot account for the out-of-plane displacement restraint at the outer boundary, show substantial deviation from experimental values, especially near the restrained boundary.     

Anisotropic plastic fields at a rapidly propagating plane-stress crack-tip

Under the condition that all the stress components at a crack-tip are the functions ofθonly,making use of the equations of steady-state motion.Hill anisotropic yield condition and stress-strain relations,we obtain the general solution of anisotropic plastic field at a rapidly propagating plane-stress crack-tip.Applying this general solution to four particular cases of anisctropy,the general solutions of these four particular cases are derived.Finally,we give the anisotropic plastic field at the rapidly propagating plane-stress modeⅠcrack-tip in the case of X=Y=Z     

Plane-stress crack-tip stress fields for orthotropic perfectly-plastic materials

Under the hypothesis that the stress components of crack-tip fields are only thefunctions ofθ,the differential equations of plane-stress crack-tip stress fields fororthotropic perfectly-plastic materials are obtained by using Hill’s yield condition andequilibrium equations.By combining the general analytical expression with the numericalmethod the crack-tip stress fields for orthotropic perfectly-plastic materials for plane stressare presented.     

Theoretical and Numerical Investigation of Gas Lubrication Processes on the Basis of Aerodynamic Equations

The dimensionless parameters of the complete system of Navier-Stokes equations of a compressible gas are estimated with reference to a typical gas bearing. It is found that the three-dimensional compressible boundary layer equations should be used as the determining equations for describing gas lubrication processes. After introducing certain assumptions with respect to the dimensionless parameters in the determining equations, an equation for the pressure, the generalized Reynolds equation, is obtained.Use of the spectral method of analysis makes it possible to transform the generalized Reynolds equation into a system of ordinary differential equations. An analytic solution of the entire boundary value problem is obtained for a journal bearing with fairly small eccentricity. By comparing the numerical results obtained using both the solution of the generalized Reynolds equation and the traditional theory it is possible to estimate the effect of the inertia forces, dissipation processes, and heat transfer.     

Maximum stress at the angular corners of long strips bonded on one side and shrunk

The value of the maximum stress, and its position, at the corner of long strips bonded on one side and shrunk, has been determined using photoelasticity. The angle of the strip end varies from zero (crack) to 180 deg (no corner). The radius at the corner varies from less than 0.0001 to 0.125 in. The solution obtained is an approximation to a plane-stress solution and will have application in composite-materials problems (coatings, solid-propellant rocket grains, etc.).     

PERFECTLY PLASTIC FIELDS AT A RAPIDLY PROPAGATING PLANE-STRESS CRACK TIP

Under the condition that all the perfectly plastic stress components at a crack tiP arethe functions ofθonly,making use of the Mises yield condition,steady-state movingequations and elastic perfectly-plastic constitutive equations,we derive the generallyanalytical expressions of perfectly plastic fields at a rapidly propagating plane-stress cracktip.Applying these generally analytical expressions to the concrete crack,we obtain theanalytical expressions of perfectly plastic fields at the rapidly propagating tips of,modesⅠandⅡplane-stress cracks.     

A refined theory of elastic thick plates for extensional deformation

Based on elasticity theory, various two-dimensional (2D) equations and solutions for extensional deformation have been deduced systematically and directly from the three-dimensional (3D) theory of thick rectangular plates by using the Papkovich–Neuber solution and the Lur’e method without ad hoc assumptions. These equations and solutions can be used to construct a refined theory of thick plates for extensional deformation. It is shown that the displacements and stresses of the plate can be represented by the displacements and transverse normal strain of the midplane. In the case of homogeneous boundary conditions, the exact solutions for the plate are derived, and the exact equations consist of three governing differential equations: the biharmonic equation, the shear equation, and the transcendental equation. With the present theory a solution of these can satisfy all the fundamental equations of 3D elasticity. Moreover, the refined theory of thick plate for bending deformation constructed by Cheng is improved, and some physical or mathematical explanations and proof are provided to support our justification. It is important to note that the refined theory is consistent with the decomposition theorem by Gregory. In the case of nonhomogeneous boundary conditions, the approximate governing differential equations and solutions for the plate are accurate up to the second-order terms with respect to plate thickness. The correctness of the stress assumptions in the classic plane-stress problems is revised. In an example it is shown that the exact or accurate solutions may be obtained by applying the refined theory deduced herein.     

Necking of biaxially stretched elastic-plastic circular plates

The necking of an elastic-plastic circular plate under uniform radial tensile loading is investigated both within the framework of the three-dimensional theory and within the context of the plane-stress approximation. Attention is restricted to axisymmetric deformations of the plate. The material behavior is described by two different constitutive laws. One is a finite-strain version of the simplest flow-theory of plasticity and the other is a finite-strain generalization of the simplest deformationtheory, which is employed as a simple model of a solid with a vertex on its yield surface. For an initially uniform plate made of an incompressible material, bifurcation from the uniformly stretched state is studied analytically. The regimes of stress and moduli where the governing axisymmetric three-dimensional equations are elliptic, parabolic or hyperbolic are identified. The plane-stress local-necking mode emerges as the appropriate limiting mode from the bifurcation modes available in the elliptic regime. In the elliptic regime, the main qualitative features of the bifurcation behavior are revealed by the plane-stress analysis, although three-dimensional effects delay the onset of necking somewhat. For the deformation theory employed here, the first bifurcation modes are encountered in the parabolic regime if the hardening-rate is sufficiently high. These bifurcations are not revealed by a plane-stress analysis. For a plate with an initial inhomogeneity, the growth of an imperfection is studied by a perturbation method, by a plane-stress analysis of localized necking, and by numerical computations within the framework of the three-dimensional theory. When bifurcation of the corresponding perfect plate takes place in the elliptic regime, the finite element results show that the plane-stress analysis gives reasonably good agreement with the numerical results. When bifurcation of the corresponding perfect plate first occurs in the parabolic regime, then a bifurcation of the imperfect plate is encountered, that is, the finite element stiffness matrix ceases to be positive definite.     

The method of variation on parameters for integration of a generalized Birkhoffian system

This paper focuses on studying the integration method of a generalized Birkhoffian system.The method of variation on parameters for the dynamical equations of a generalized Birkhoffian system is presented.The procedure for solving the problem can be divided into two steps:the first step,a system of auxiliary equations is constructed and its general solution is given;the second step,the parameters are varied,and the solution of the problem is obtained by using the properties of generalized canonical transformation.The method of variation on parameters for the generalized Birkhoffian system is of universal significance,and we take a nonholonomic system and a nonconservative system as examples to illustrate the application of the results of this paper.     

Perfectly plastic stress field at a rapidly propagating plane-stress crack tip

Under the condition that all the perfectly plastic stress components at a crack tip are the functions of only, making use of the Treasca yield condition, steady-state moving equations and elastic perfectly-plastic constitutive equations, we derive the generally analytical expressions of perfectly palstic stress field at a rapidly propagating plane-stress crack tip. Applying these generally analytical expressions to the concrete crack, we obtain the analytical expressions of perfectly plastic stress field at the rapidly propagating tips of models I and II plane-stress cracks.