连续流动法测定烤烟型卷烟烟丝中氯含量不确定度评定

连续流动法是烟草及烟草制品中中氯含量最常用的分析方法. 以氯化物为实例, 进行了连续流动法测定烤烟型卷烟烟丝中氯含量的不确定度评定,得出连续流动法烤烟型卷烟氯测量结果的标准不确定度为0.03%,在95%的置信度下,取包含因子k为2,其扩展不确定度为0.06%.     

空气源热泵空调器制热量测量不确定度评定

分析并筛选了空气焓值法测量制热量测定不确定度的主要来源,通过数学模型进行不确定度的A类评定和B类分析,推导和建立了静压差、焓值、空气比容、空气湿度等制热量不确定度主要分量的数学模型,通过实验数据评定了制热量不确定度。采用极限取值评定复杂不确定度分量,为制热量不确定度评定提供了一种简便可靠的方式。     

超高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中孕激素的不确定度

采用分层建模方法建立了超高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中黄体酮结果不确定度评定的数学模型,对测量过程中的不确定度来源进行逐层分析和合成,运用最小二乘法对外标曲线拟合的不确定度进行了评定.超高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中孕激素含量的相对合成标准不确定度为0.022,相对扩展不确定度为0.044.该评定对采用外标法定量的高效液相色谱、气相色谱等测定结果的不确定度评定具有参考作用.     

气相色谱法测定白酒中乙酸乙酯的不确定度评定

依据JJF 1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》、GB/T 10345-2007《白酒分析方法》,评定了气相色谱仪检测白酒中乙酸乙酯测量结果的不确定度。通过引入数学模型,对各不确定度分量进行了分析和计算。当白酒中乙酸乙酯的测定结果为1.17 g/L时,扩展不确定度为0.10 g/L(k=2)。     

ICP-OES测定钒矿石中五氧化二钒的测量不确定度评定

介绍了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)测定钒矿石中五氧化二钒测重不确定度的评定万法.建立了测量过程中各不确定度分量的数学模型,对不确定度来源进行了分析,并对不确定度分量进行量化.当钒矿石中五氧化二钒含量为0.419％时,其扩展不确定度为0.0070％(k=2).     

基于自适应蒙特卡洛法评定测量不确定度程序开发与应用

进行了基于自适应蒙特卡洛法评定测量不确定度的程序开发与应用。基于Python语言,设计开发自适应蒙特卡洛法评定测量不确定度程序,包含评定过程框架、自定义变量名称模块、过程参数关联计算模块以及蒙特卡洛法采样计算模块。程序界面简洁,操作简单,计算准确,适用于任意多个独立变量、任意多个过程参数及单一被测量的数学模型,为利用自适应蒙特卡洛法评定测量不确定度提供了方便。     

高效液相色谱外标工作曲线法测定大麻树脂中四氢大麻酚含量的不确定度评定

依据JJF 1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》,以检测大麻树脂中四氢大麻酚含量的实验为例,评定了采用高效液相色谱外标工作曲线法进行含量测定的不确定度.建立了高效色谱外标工作曲线法测定样品含量的数学模型,分析了不确定度的来源并给出了量化结果,合成扩展不确定度为0.15％(k=2).     

单扫描极谱法测定食品中苏丹红Ⅰ的不确定度评定

依据标准曲线法建立了单扫描极谱法测定食品中苏丹红Ⅰ的不确定度评定的数学模型,对影响测量结果的不确定度分量进行了分析,较全面地评定了测定结果的不确定度.单扫描极谱法测定食品中苏丹红Ⅰ的不确定度主要来源于峰电流的重复性、标准曲线的影响、样品称量、标准物质的纯度和称量、实验中量器的校准等因素,其中最主要的分量是通过标准曲线拟合求样品溶液浓度时引入的测量不确定度.     

农业环境实验室中化学分析的不确定度评定方法

按照化学分析中不确定度的评估指南,叙述了农业环境实验室中涉及化学分析的不确定度评定方法,它包括影响测量结果的来源识别、数学模型的建立、各不确定分量的量化、合成不确定度的计算以及扩展不确定度的确定和表述.在评定步骤中专门对适于化学分析的一些实用要点进行讨论并且提供了有利于对不确定度评定过程理解的例子,如对水溶液中pH测定...     

ICP-AES测定糖果中铅质量分数的不确定度评定

建立了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)测定糖果中铅的相应数学模型, 对数学模型中各个参数进行不确定度来源分析, 分别对A类不确定度或B类不确定度进行评定. 对各不确定度分量合成和扩展, 得到铅质量分数的不确定度. 结果表明: 标准溶液的配制、标准曲线拟合线性方程及样品溶液的定容是不确定度的主要来源.     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Effect of the Method of Modification of Zeolite X on Selectivity of Catalytic Methylation of Toluene

Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry - The effect of the method of modification of catalysts based on zeolite X by cesium and magnesium cations (ion exchange and impregnation) on the selectivity...     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of tetrabenzoporphins of the basis of isoindoline

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds -