等离子体激励器的静特性与高速特性仿真研究

A parametric study of high-frequency plasma jet actuator was carried out, using the experiment- tally measured energy distribution law of arc discharge as an ideal heat source. The influence of the exit angle of the actuator on the flow field was explored. The jet flow field characteristics of the spark discharge actuator under supersonic flow (Ma0=2.0) were investigated. The results show that the energy density of heat flux increases and the jet front and forward shock wave moves faster with the decrease of discharge region, and the smaller the exit angle of the jet is, the stronger the momentum injection ability of the actuator along the flow direction is. The rule still applies under high-speed air flow conditions. Compared to the static condition, the momentum injection capability of the jet is stronger and the influence domain is larger under supersonic flow conditions.     

"我"——"三草酸合铁(Ⅲ)酸钾晶体"的生长及影响因素

This article tries to personify potassium ferrioxalate crystal as "I" to describe the formation process and the factors affecting the growth of potassium ferrioxalate crystal. After growing into beautiful green crystals, I dreamed I was participating in the jewelry beauty contest. A serious of wonderful conversations between emerald and I revealed the properties and applications of potassium ferrioxalate crystal. It inspires and guides students to understand the growth of crystals and their properties, and it also stimulates students' interest in studying chemistry.     

吡啶-2-甲醛酰腙镉配合物的合成、晶体结构与荧光性质

合成了3个不同结构的吡啶?2?甲醛缩对氯苯氧乙酰腙(HL)与镉的配合物。通过X射线单晶衍射、红外光谱、紫外光谱、荧光光谱以及热重等分析,对其进行晶体结构和性质的研究。单晶衍射结构解析表明:配合物1属单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,是一个通过氯离子桥联的二聚体,分子式为[Cd(HL)Cl2]2;配合物2属单斜晶系,P21/c空间群,是一个含2个有机配体、蝴蝶状的单核分子,其分子式为[Cd(HL)2Br2];配合物3属三斜晶系,P1空间群,配合物中只含有一个有机配体,其分子式为[Cd(HL)I2]。固体荧光分析表明:配体和配合物均有很强的荧光性,且发绿光。     

花生壳活性炭固相萃取/超高效液相色谱法测定河水中的18种多环芳烃

建立了固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测(SPE/UPLC-PDA)联用技术测定河水中18种痕量多环芳烃(PAHs)的快速分析方法。通过优化固相萃取条件、流动相体系、色谱条件等因素,7 min内实现了18种多环芳烃的高效分离。在0.05~50 mg/L浓度范围内,18种多环芳烃的浓度与对应峰面积呈良好线性关系,相关系数为0.999 1~0.999 9,检出限为0.08~2.03 ng/L,样品加标回收率为74.5%~103.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为0.5%~2.3%。将该方法应用于九龙江流域龙岩段周边水样的检测,结果可靠。该方法简单环保、灵敏准确、操作快速,可显著提高河水中痕量PAHs的分析效率。     

利用代谢组学研究大气细颗粒物的生殖毒性效应

大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)污染已成为严峻的环境问题,探究PM2.5的毒性效应和机理变得尤为重要.本研究利用基于液相色谱/质谱的代谢组学技术,分析经PM2.5悬混液气管滴注暴露后成年雄性大鼠睾丸代谢组的全局变化,采用偏最小二乘判别分析法和非参数检验进行统计分析.结果表明,PM2.5暴露组大鼠睾丸的油提和水提代谢指纹谱均可与对照组实现准确区分,表明PM2.5暴露对大鼠睾丸的整体代谢网络产生了显著影响,最终鉴定出56个差异代谢物.通路分析显示,PM2.5暴露会引起大鼠睾丸的氨基酸和核苷酸代谢紊乱、类固醇激素代谢失衡以及脂类代谢异常,而这些重要通路可能是PM2.5生殖毒性的关键分子事件.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">In situ</Emphasis> synthesis of block copolymer nano-assemblies by polymerization-induced self-assembly under heterogeneous condition

Controlled synthesis of amphiphilic block copolymer nanoparticles in a convenient way is an important and interest topic in polymer science. In this review, three formulations of polymerization-induced self-assembly to in situ synthesize block copolymer nanoparticles are briefly introduced, which perform by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization under heterogeneous conditions, e.g., aqueous emulsion RAFT polymerization, dispersion RAFT polymerization and especially the recently proposed seeded RAFT polymerization. The latest developments in several selected areas on the synthesis of block copolymer nano-assemblies are highlighted.     

INTERACTION OF ELECTRIC CHARGES IN A PIEZOELECTRIC WITH RIGID EXTERNAL CRACKS

IntroductionRecently much attention has been paid to Green’s functions[1 -7]for anisotropic mediabecause of their important applications in boundary element methods used widely inengineering analysis. Generally speaking, it is relatively easy to obtain G…     

基于悬滴法的纳米燃油表面张力测量与分析

以柴油为基液、溴化十六烷三甲基铵(Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide,CTAB)为助溶剂,通过两步法配制CNT(Carbon Nanotubc)、CeO₂及Co₃O₄纳米燃油。采用悬滴法测量柴油与纳米燃油的表面张力,探究纳米物质种类、粒径、质量分数及温度对纳米燃油表面张力的影响。研究发现,在纳米燃油液滴气液界面层内,纳米粒子与柴油分子之间的吸引力使液固分子体系总体的内聚力增强,因而表面张力增大;纳米燃油的表面张力随着粒子质量分数增加而增强,但随着温度升高而线性下降。大粒径的纳米粒子表面电荷密度降低,对表面电子束缚减小,电子游离所产生的与柴油分子之间的极化静电相吸作用更强,使液粒之间的范德华力增强,表面张力增大。在相同质量分数的条件下,非金属CNT的密度较小,纳米燃油中的粒子数目较多,此外其得电子能力更强,极易使周围柴油分子极化形成静电吸引,液粒间范德华力增强,因此CNT纳米燃油的表面张力最大;同为金属氧化物,Co₃O₄的分子量大于CeO₂而表现出较低的分子极性,其与基液燃油分子间的静电作用力也较弱,因而Co3O4纳米燃油的表面张力较低。本文测量了多种纳米燃油的表面张力,探讨了不同物质种类、浓度、尺寸的纳米介质及环境温度对燃油表面张力的影响,为纳米燃油在发动机缸内的液滴破碎与着火燃烧过程提供了重要的基础数据和理论支持。     

大数据及其科学问题与方法的探讨

大数据的规模和复杂度的增长超出了计算机软硬件能力增长的摩尔定律,对现有的IT架构以及计算能力带来了极大挑战,也为人们深度挖掘和充分利用大数据的大价值带来了巨大机遇.因此,针对网络大数据的共性规律和科学问题,需要研究网络大数据定性定量分析的基础理论与方法.本文重点分析了大数据在数据关联上的复杂性、计算复杂性、系统的复杂性、学习复杂性四个方面的主要研究问题和现状,介绍小结了产业界具有代表性的实际应用IT基础架构,以形成从网络大数据的感知、挖掘获取、质量评估、数据提炼处理到融合表示的综合过程图景,最后对大数据科学、数据计算需要的新模式与新范式(第四范式)等方面的发展趋势和方向进行了展望探讨.