阻抑-褪色光度法测定痕量硅

基于NH3 NH4 Cl缓冲溶液介质中 ,Si 对H2 O2 氧化十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 姜黄素离子缔合物的褪色反应的抑制作用 ,提出了测定痕量硅新的高灵敏的褪色光度法。该方法的表观摩尔吸光系数ε50 0=5 .70× 10 5L·mol-1·cm-1;线性范围为 0 .4～ 3.6 μg/L ;线性回归方程ΔA =2 .2 3× 10 -4 + 0 .0 2 0 17CSi (μg/L) ;相关系数r =0 .9999;测定下限为 2 0× 10 -8g/L。本法用于人发样和水样中痕量硅的测定 ,结果满意。     

铋膜电极方波吸附溶出伏安法测定纺织品中痕量钴和镍

本文建立了在铋膜修饰电极上采用方波吸附溶出伏安法同时测定纺织品中痕量Co2+和Ni2+的方法.以NH3-NH4Cl作为缓冲液,在丁二酮肟浓度为10 μmol/L的体系中,Co2和Ni2+的还原峰电位分别为-1.13 V和-1.03 V.当缓冲溶液pH为9.2,富集电位为-0.7V,富集时间为200 s时,C02 +和Ni2+在0.5～50 μg/L范围呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数R2＞0.99,其检出限分别为0.79 μg/L和0.96 μg/L,其它金属离子的干扰较小.采用标准加入法测定纺织品中Co>和Ni2+,回收率在94.88％～104.14％之间.     

在线还原富集-导数火焰原子吸收光谱法测定环境水样中铬Ⅲ和Ⅵ铬的形态

采用单阀双阳离子交换树脂微柱并联 ,设计了双路采样逆向洗脱在线分离富集系统 ,该系统与原子吸收导数测量技术相结合 ,实现了在线分离富集 导数火焰原子吸收光谱法同时测定水中Cr 和Cr ,导数仪用 2mV min档位 ,富集 1min时 ,分析速度为 6 0样 h ,测定Cr 和Cr 的特征浓度分别为 0 .44 8μg L和0 793μg L(相当于 1%导数吸收度 ) ,线性范围分别为 0～ 90和 0～ 180 μg L ;对浓度分别为 10、2 0 μg LCr 和Cr 测定的相对标准偏差分别为 2 .85 %和 2 .85 %;检出限分别为 0 .85 5和 1.71μg L ;该法对实际水样加标回收率在 94.7%～ 10 4%之间。     

固相萃取-离子色谱法测定地下水中痕量高氯酸根离子

建立了测定地下水中痕量高氯酸根（ClO~4）的固相萃取-离子色谱(SPE-IC)分析方法。0.7 L水样经预处理降低主要干扰离子Cl~、CO2~3和SO2~4的干扰后,使用Cleanert PWAX弱阴离子交换固相萃取小柱对地下水中痕量(μg/L级)的ClO~4进行富集,用6 mL 1%NaOH溶液洗脱,富集液经0.45 μm水膜过滤后,用IonPac AS20阴离子分离柱、50 μL进样环、40 mmol/L KOH溶液淋洗、抑制电导检测分离分析。结果表明,地下水样品中ClO~4的方法检出限和测定下限分别为0.15 μg/L和0.60 μg/L,进样质量浓度在1～15 μg/L范围内有很好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.9992,回收率为99.7%～100.5%;该方法经济有效,可用于地下水中痕量ClO~4的检测。利用该方法测定了哈尔滨周边部分地区地下水中ClO~4浓度,检测结果与离子色谱-质谱联用法的检测结果的相对误差为1.85%～9.24%。     

改性沸石填充柱在线分离富集电热原子吸收法测定水中铬(Ⅵ)及铬的形态分布

本文用溴化十六烷基三甲胺(HDTMAB)改性的天然斜发沸石微填充柱,建立了顺序注射在线分离富集电热原子吸收法测定水中Cr(Ⅵ)及铬形态分布的方法.方法测定Cr(Ⅵ)的线性范围为0.1～3.0 μg/L,检出限为0.03 μg/L,精密度为3.7%(1.0 μg/L,n=5),采样频率为16/h,当进样体积为200 μL时的富集倍率为5.6.用本法测定了标准水样GBW08608中的铬,所得结果与标准值相符.另外测定了自来水中的铬及其形态分布,加标回收率合格.     

原柱富集-高效液相色谱法测定水体中痕量邻苯二甲酸二甲酯

将基于分离柱富集的高效液相色谱法应用于水样中低浓度邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的含量测定.此法的特点是萃取富集和分离分析过程在同一个C18柱上进行,低含量试样在线富集,富集倍数可达近千倍,直接检出限低.对于水样中的邻苯二甲酸二甲酯,在0.1～10 μg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好;检出限为0.02 μg/L;日内和日间检测的相对标准偏差均<3%;实际水样测定时回收率为104.3%～105.3%,能够满足轻微污染水样中邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的检测要求.     

固相萃取-亲水作用色谱法测定废水中四环素类抗生素

建立了固相萃取(SPE)-亲水作用色谱法(HILIC)测定废水中金霉素(CTC)、强力霉素(DC)、四环素(TC)和土霉素(OTC) 4种四环素类抗生素(TCs)残留的新方法.水样经Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化富集后, 采用以氨基色谱柱及高极性有机溶剂-水相缓冲溶液为流动相的亲水作用色谱法(HILIC)进行分析. 对流动相中缓冲溶液的类型和pH值、离子强度、 有机溶剂的浓度以及流速进行了优化, 确定了以V(乙腈)∶V(6.7 mmol/L柠檬酸铵缓冲溶液, pH 4.0)=85∶ 15混合液为流动相的最佳条件.本方法具有良好的线性关系(r> 0.999)和重现性(峰面积RSD<1.0%), 最低检出限(S/N=3)为12～30 μg/L, 4种四环素类药物添加水平在0.5～10 μg/L范围内的标准加入回收率为 90.6%～106.5%; 相对标准偏差为 2.5%～6.2%.本方法简便、准确、流动相离子强度低,适合于与质谱联用,用于屠宰场污水及医院污水等实际样品检测,结果满意.     

离子交换色谱法检测离子液体中阴离子

建立了用阴离子交换分离柱、化学抑制模式、电导检测测定系列离子液体中BF-4阴离子及其他杂阴离子(F-、Cl-、Br-)含量的方法,并用于在线监控离子液体合成工艺中阴离子杂质含量.确定淋洗液组成为1.6 mmol/L Na2CO3+3.9 mmol/L NaHCO3,流速为0.6 mL/min.本方法对所测阴离子检出限分别为50 μg/L(F-、Br-)和80 μg/L(BF-4);线性范围在3个数量级以上;r＞0.999;回收率在98%～102%之间.方法用于对离子液体小试工艺样品分析及过程监控时,结果满意,样品的RSD小于2.6%(n＝6).     

牛肉中阿莫西林残留量的高效液相色谱分析

建立了反相高效液相色谱分析牛肉样品中阿莫西林残留量的方法.对动物组织样品采用磷酸盐缓冲溶液提取、三氯乙酸沉淀蛋白、固相萃取净化和富集.研究了样品在C18柱上的保留行为和阿莫西林的特征谱图.待测物用外标定法定量分析,标准曲线的线性范围为5.0～500 μg/L,相关系数为0.99934.动物组织样品中阿莫西林的加标回收率为77.3%～97.4%,相对标准偏差为1.2%～13.5%,检出限低于10 μg/kg.     

沉淀/共沉淀-膜富集-X射线荧光法快速分析近岸海水中的重金属

建立了近岸海水中多种重金属(铁、镍、锰、铜、锌及铅)的氢氧化物和硫化物的沉淀/共沉淀-膜富集-X射线荧光测定法.在海水样品中加入沉淀剂,使重金属离子生成氢氧化物或硫化物沉淀.沉淀经过滤截留,富集在膜上,直接以手持式X射线荧光仪检测.富集100 mL水样时,两种沉淀法的测定线性范围均为12.5～400 μg/L,即测定限均为12.5 μg/L.对各重金属浓度为100μg/L的试样连续测定7次,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.7％～6.4％;氢氧化物沉淀法的检出限在1.32～7.84 μ g/L之间;硫化物沉淀法为1.94～11.0 μg/L.用本方法成功测定了厦门近岸海域及九龙江河口海水中的重金属浓度.基于样品酸化与否及过滤先后顺序的不同,本方法可用于海水和河口水样中可溶态、溶解态及游离态重金属的现场快速分析.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.