苏丹红Ⅰ分子印迹聚合物制备及吸附性能研究

以苏丹红Ⅰ为模板分子,α-甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,在氯仿中采用沉淀聚合法制备了分子印迹聚合物.聚合物的平衡结合试验表明:模板分子/功能单体/交联剂的摩尔比为1:4:16时所得的印迹聚合物对苏丹红Ⅰ吸附量最大;合成时溶剂和引发剂用量对聚合物吸附量有很大影响;印迹和非印迹聚合物对苏丹红Ⅰ的平衡吸附量分别为49.17μmol·g-1和22.6μmol·g-1,选择性结合试验中印迹聚合物对苏丹红Ⅰ和苏丹红Ⅲ的吸附量分别为26.8μmol·g-1和5.26μmol·g-1,说明印迹聚合物对苏丹红Ⅰ具有特异性吸附;Scatchard分析表明该印迹聚合物具有两类结合位点.     

苏丹红Ⅰ磁性分子印迹聚合物的制备及其分离分析应用

以3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷修饰的Fe3O4为磁性组分,苏丹红Ⅰ为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,制备了磁性分子印迹聚合物,并用扫描电镜、红外光谱和磁强计对其进行表征。Scatchard分析表明,该磁性印迹聚合物有两类结合位点,最大表观结合量分别为84.59、210.49μmol/g;磁性印迹聚合物对苏丹红Ⅰ/苏丹红Ⅱ、苏丹红Ⅰ/苏丹红Ⅲ的相对选择系数分别为2.47和2.24,表明该印迹聚合物对苏丹红Ⅰ有较高的选择性和吸附性。将该磁性印迹聚合物应用于辣椒粉提取液中苏丹红Ⅰ的分离富集,用磁铁将其与溶液快速分离,经高效液相色谱测得其检出限为0.50μg/g,样品回收率为78%～103%,相对标准偏差为2.8%～5.8%。     

核-壳型苏丹红Ⅰ印迹聚合物微球制备及应用研究

以苏丹红Ⅰ为模板分子,苯基-三甲氧基硅烷(PTMOS)为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGD-MA)为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,采用表面分子印迹技术,在自制的SiO2微球表面成功合成了对苏丹红Ⅰ具有良好选择识别性能的核-壳型印迹聚合物。采用红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜对分子印迹微球进行表征,结果表明该印迹聚合材料壳层厚度约为150 nm;采用静态吸附实验研究印迹材料对模板聚合物的吸附性能和选择特性,结果表明以PTMOS为功能单体的印迹聚合物对苏丹红Ⅰ具有优异的选择吸附性,其分离选择因子为2.62。在吸附过程中,模板分子苏丹红Ⅰ与印迹聚合物形成2种结合位点,2种结合位点的解离常数分别为2.30、10.78 mmol/L,最大表观结合量分别为27.40、128.53μmol/g。将该印迹聚合物作为固相萃取材料,对样品进行固相萃取,结合液相色谱技术成功用于辣椒油中苏丹红Ⅰ的测定。     

分子印迹固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定食品中苏丹红Ⅰ-Ⅳ

以苏丹红Ⅰ为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体合成了苏丹红分子印迹聚合物,作为固相萃取吸附剂,用于食品中苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的测定。样品经乙腈提取,所得提取液分子印迹固相萃取柱,然后用乙醇-正己烷（1+1）溶液作洗脱剂将苏丹红洗下,收集洗出液供高效液相色谱测定。结果表明:聚合物对印迹分子具有很好的亲和性和特异选择性。方法的线性范围为0.5～15 mg·L^-1,检出限（3S/N）为4μg·kg^-1。以辣椒粉和辣椒酱为基体,在3个浓度水平下做加标回收试验,回收率在70.3%～85.5%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差（n=5）低于6.0%。     

结晶紫分子印迹聚合物的合成及吸附性能评价

以结晶紫为模板分子,丙烯酸为功能单体,二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯为交联剂合成了分子印迹聚合物。研究了致孔剂种类,交联剂用量,模板分子用量等参数对印迹聚合物吸附结晶紫性能的影响,得到该聚合反应的优化条件:结晶紫、丙烯酸和EGDMA的摩尔比为1:4:40。采用静态平衡结合法以及Scatchard分析研究了聚合物的结合特征,发现该印迹化合物存在两种结合位点,它们的离解常数分别为56.2μmol/L和7.52μmol/L。     

分子印迹固相萃取/高效液相色谱法检测黄瓜中灭蝇胺

以灭蝇胺为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂,甲苯和异辛烷为二元致孔剂,采用低温光引发、本体聚合法制备了灭蝇胺的分子印迹聚合物.通过平衡吸附实验、扫描电镜、红外光谱以及压汞仪等多种手段对制备的印迹和非印迹聚合物进行了测定与表征,结果表明所制备的印迹聚合物对模板分子具有明显的特异性吸附作用.Scatchard分析证明灭蝇胺分子印迹聚合物对灭蝇胺分子的吸附存在两类不同结合位点,最大表观结合量(Qmax)和平衡解离常数(Kd)分别为Qmax1=1.19μmol/g,Kd1=1.31 μmol/L;Qmax2 =2.46 μmol/g,Kd2=4.84 μmol/L.用该聚合物制备的灭蝇胺分子印迹固相萃取柱处理样品,结合高效液相色谱法可快速有效地检测黄瓜样品中的灭蝇胺,线性范围为0.1～10 mg/L(r =0.9991),检出限(S/N=3)为0.05 mg/L.该方法快速简便,效果优于商品化的固相萃取柱.     

本体聚合法制备2-氯酚分子印迹聚合物及其性能评价

采用本体聚合法,以2-氯酚为模板分子,4-乙烯吡啶为功能单体,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂合成了一系列分子印迹聚合物,并通过选择性实验和静态吸附实验对聚合物的选择性及吸附性能进行评价.结果显示:当以甲苯作为致孔剂,功能单体与模板分子的摩尔比为2:1时,聚合物对模板分子的印迹因子为1.71,亲和位点总数Bmax为0.1137 mmol/g,具有最优的选择性和吸附能力.     

沉淀聚合法制备3-吲哚乙酸印迹聚合物微粒及其固相萃取应用

以3-吲哚乙酸(IAA)为模板分子、丙烯酰胺(AA)为功能单体,采用沉淀聚合法制备了IAA印迹聚合物微粒,研究了致孔剂乙腈的用量及IAA的加入量对印迹聚合物结合性能的影响,采用色谱法对其进行评价。结果表明,当乙腈为37.5 m L,IAA为2 mmol(与AA物质的量比为1∶1)时,制得印迹聚合物P7对IAA的亲和力最大(k=4.24),印迹因子(IF)为14.1,其对IAA展示了最显著的特异识别能力。将P7作为固相萃取柱的填料,研究了分子印迹固相萃取IAA的方法,测得绿豆芽样品的加标回收率为90.6%~92.6%。结果表明,以AA为功能单体沉淀聚合法制备的IAA印迹聚合物颗粒适合作为固相萃取柱填料,可实现实际样品中IAA的选择性分离净化。该文提出的采用适当增大模板分子加入量的方法是制备高亲和力与高选择性印迹聚合物的一条新途径。     

烟嘧磺隆分子印迹微球的制备及其吸附性能的考察

采用沉淀聚合法制备了烟嘧磺隆(NS)分子印迹聚合物微球(NS-MIPMs)。以甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为功能单体、三甲氧基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯(TRIM)为交联剂、偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂、氯仿为致孔剂在60 ℃下加热引发聚合。对分子印迹微球的聚合工艺进行了优化,当NS/MAA/TRIM/AIBN的物质的量比为1：4：4：1、致孔剂体积为90 mL时,制备的NS-MIPMs的吸附能力最强。利用紫外分光光度计研究了模板分子和功能单体间的作用机理。结果表明,在预聚合阶段,功能单体和模板分子间的主要作用形式是一个模板分子与一个功能单体发生作用。通过静态吸附实验及动力学吸附研究考察了NS-MIPMs的吸附性能,并结合Scatchard模型分析得到聚合物的最大结合量为11370.5 μg/g。将制备的分子印迹微球应用于固相萃取技术中,制备烟嘧磺隆分子印迹固相萃取(NS-MIPMs SPE)小柱,并对小柱进行淋洗条件的优化。同时建立了NS-MISPE-HPLC快速检测土壤中烟嘧磺隆残留量的分析方法,样品中的农药经乙腈和磷酸盐缓冲液提取,提取液经NS-MIPMs SPE小柱净化后进行HPLC分析。结果表明,烟嘧磺隆在0.01~1 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9986;添加水平为0.02~1 mg/kg时的回收率为82.2%~86.3%,相对标准偏差为1.9%~4.3%。该方法简单、高效、重现性好,可用于土壤中烟嘧磺隆的快速检测。     

苄嘧磺隆印迹聚合物的波谱分析及吸附性能研究

以苄嘧磺隆为模板分子, α-甲基丙烯酸为功能单体, 三甲氧基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂, 二氯甲烷为致孔剂, 在20 ℃温度下, 采用紫外引发沉淀聚合方法制备了苄嘧磺隆分子印迹聚合物. 紫外光谱和核磁共振氢谱实验提示了聚合前模板分子与功能单体之间的相互作用主要是分子间氢键, 分子间氢键相互作用能和双氢键的键距由Hyperchem 7.0和Gaussian 03W软件分别计算为: －28.6163 kJ/mol和0.179～0.181 nm. 制备的印迹聚合物在高效液相色谱和吸附动力学实验中都表现出对模板分子有较强的吸附作用.     

Fabrication of the Monolithic Fiber for the Solid Phase Micro‐extraction of Malachite Green

A monolithic fiber of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was prepared by in situ polymerization within the capillary with an inner diameter of 530 µm. It was carried out in 8 min by microwave irradiation using malachite green (MG) as a template molecule, α‐methacrylic acid (MAA) as a functional monomer, acetonitrile (ACN) as a porogenic solvent, ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) as a crosslinker, azodiiso‐butyronitrile (AIBN) as a thermal initiator. The resulted MIP fibers were pushed out from the capillary, eluted and inserted in the capillary again, which successfully used for the solid phase microextraction (SPME) procedure. The factors affecting the extraction of MG, such as the molar ratio of template/monomer (MG/MAA), concentration of NaCl, extraction and desorption time, and extraction and desorption solvents were investigated in detail. The selectivity of the MIP fibers was compared using MG analogues crystal violet (CV) and non‐analogue Sudan II. It was also employed for the pretreatment of trace MG in the fish feed followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detection. Under the optimal conditions, the linear range of MG was 10‐600 μg/L, the detection limit (LOD) was 1.23 μg/L and the recovery of spiked fish feed sample was 88.7～113.9%.     

尼卡地平分子聚合物的制备及识别性能研究

采用分子印迹技术合成了以尼卡地平为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体的分子印迹聚合物(MIP).运用平衡结合实验研究了聚合物的吸附特性和选择识别能力.通过Scatchard方程分析,结合位点的离解常数Kd=1.03 mmol·L-1,最大表观结合常数Qmax=18.76 μmol·g-1.结果表明,分子印迹聚合物对尼卡地平呈现出较高的吸附性和选择识别性,对尼卡地平药物的分离富集和检测具有实际临床意义.     

Molecularly imprinted polymer coated solid-phase microextraction fibers for determination of Sudan I–IV dyes in hot chili powder and poultry feed samples

In this research, a novel strategy was developed to prepare molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) coated solid-phase microextraction fibers on a large scale with Sudan I as template and stainless steel fibers as substrate. More than 20 fibers could be obtained in one glass tube, and the efficiency and coating repeatability were enhanced remarkably in contrast with the yield of only one fiber in our previous works. The obtained MIP-coated stainless steel fibers were characterized by homogeneous and highly cross-linked coating, good chemical and thermal stabilities, high extraction capacities, and specific selectivities to Sudan I–IV dyes. Based on the systemic optimization of extraction conditions, a simple and cost-effective method based on the coupling of MIP-coated SPME with high-performance liquid chromatography was developed for the fast and selective determination of trace Sudan I–IV dyes in hot chili powder and poultry feed samples. The limits of detection of Sudan I–IV dyes were within 2.5–4.6 ng g^?1, and the spiked recoveries were in the range of 86.3–96.3% for hot chili powder sample and 84.6–97.4% for poultry feed sample.     

Synthesis of homoveratric acid-imprinted polymers and their evaluation as selective separation materials

A bulk polymerization method was used to easily and efficiently prepare homoveratric acid (3,4-dimethoxyphenylacetic acid)-imprinted polymers from eight basic monomers: 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, 1-vinylimidazole, N-allylaniline, N-allylpiperazine, allylurea, allylthiourea, and allylamine, in the presence of homoveratric acid as a template in N,N-dimethylformamide as a porogen. The imprinted polymer prepared from allylamine had the highest affinity to the template, showing an imprinting factor of 3.43, and allylamine polymers MIP8/NIP8 were selected for further studies. Their binding properties were analyzed using the Scatchard method. The results showed that the imprinted polymers have two classes of heterogeneous binding sites characterized by two pairs of K(d), B(max) values: K(d)(1) = 0.060 μmol/mL, B(max)(1) = 0.093 μmol/mg for the higher affinity binding sites, and K(d)(2) = 0.455 μmol/mL, B(max)(2) = 0.248 μmol/mg for the lower affinity binding sites. Non-imprinted polymer has only one class of binding site, with K(d) = 0.417 μmol/mL and B(max) = 0.184 μmol/mg. A computational analysis of the energies of the prepolymerization complexes was in agreement with the experimental results. It showed that the selective binding interactions arose from cooperative three point interactions between the carboxylic acid and the two methoxy groups in the template and amino groups in the polymer cavities. Those results were confirmed by the recognition studies performed with the set of structurally related compounds. Allylamine polymer MIP8 had no affinity towards biogenic amines. The obtained imprinted polymer could be used for selective separation of homoveratric acid.     

Surface plasmon resonance sensor chips for the recognition of bovine serum albumin via electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polymers

In this paper,a surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensor chip for detection of bovine serum album(BSA)was prepared by electropolymerization of 3-aminophenylboronic acid(3-APBA)based on molecularly imprinted polymer(MIP)technique.The surface morphology of MIP and non-imprinted(NIP)flms were characterized by scanning electroscopy(SEM).SEM images exhibited nanoscale cavities formed on the MIP films surface homogeneously due to the removal of BSA templates.The effects of pH,ion strength of rebinding BSA,the specific binding and selective recognition were studied for MIP films.Results indicated that the BSA-imprinted films exhibited a good adsorption of template protein(0.02–0.8 mg/mL)in0.05 mol/L sodium phosphate buffer at pH 5.0 with the limit of detection(LOD)of 0.02 mg/mL.     

腐殖酸键合硅胶固相萃取-液相色谱法测定辣椒粉及辣椒油中的苏丹红

以腐殖酸键合硅胶作为固相萃取介质,建立了固相萃取柱净化、高效液相色谱同时     

桑色素分子印迹传感器的制备与应用

以邻氨基酚( o-AP)为功能单体,桑色素为模板分子,基于分子间的相互作用力,在金电极表面电聚合制备具有特异性识别孔穴的桑色素分子印迹传感器膜。采用循环伏安法( CV)、差分脉冲伏安法( DPV)等研究了分子印迹膜的性能和分子印迹效应。探索了聚合膜配比及聚合扫描圈数对传感器性能的影响,优化了洗脱时间和印迹时间。比较了此传感器对其结构相似物的选择性响应,发现其对桑色素检测具有良好的选择性。在最佳实验条件下,此传感器对桑色素浓度定量测定范围为0.05~1.70μmol/L,线性方程为I(μA)=1.0800lgc(mol/L)+9.3599, R=0.9934,检出限为0.01μmol/L。用此传感器测定黑茶样品中桑色素的含量,加标回收率为104.0%~108.0%。     

分子印迹聚合物修饰电化学晶体管检测抗坏血酸分子

以抗坏血酸(AA)为模板分子、邻苯二胺(o-PD)为功能单体,在金电极表面电聚合制备分子印迹聚合物膜(MIP),并以该MIP修饰的电极为栅极制备了具有高选择性、高灵敏度的AA电化学晶体管(OECT)传感器件。应用循环伏安法(CV)、交流阻抗法(EIS)对分子印迹聚合物电极进行一系列的表征与检测。实验结果表明:以pH=5.2,浓度为0.2mol/L HAc-NaAc(体积比2.1∶7.9)的缓冲液为背景溶液,o-PD与AA的物质的量之比为1∶2,以0.5V/s的扫描速率在0~0.8V内扫描20圈,所得分子印迹膜电极性能最佳。应用以该分子印迹修饰电极作为栅极的电化学晶体管检测AA,得到AA浓度的检测限为0.3μmol/L,沟道电流与AA浓度在0.3~3μmol/L(低浓度)与3~100μmol/L(高浓度)这2个范围内成线性关系。     

基于多壁碳纳米管增敏材料的辣根过氧化物酶分子印迹电化学传感器的制备及对H2O2的检测

以辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)为蛋白质模板分子, 邻苯二胺(o-PD)为聚合单体, 首先将预先羧基化的多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)通过阶跃电位法电沉积在玻碳电极上作为增敏材料, 然后在该电极上电聚合含HRP的邻苯二胺电沉积液形成一层聚合膜, 去除模板化合物后, 制得对HRP具有特异性识别能力的分子印迹聚合物(MIPs)膜; 利用聚邻苯二胺(POPD)的自探针效应构建了分子印迹电化学传感器. 该传感器的响应电流与HRP浓度在1.0×10 ^-10~1.0×10 ^-5 mg/mL范围内有良好的线性关系, 相关系数为0.991, 检出限为1.5×10 ^-11 mg/mL(S/N=3); 该传感器的响应电流与H₂O₂浓度在4.0×10 ^-7~1.4×10 ^-5 mol/L范围内有良好的线性响应, 相关系数为0.992, 检出限为2.6×10 ^-7 mol/L(S/N=3), 将该传感器用于实际样品H₂O₂的检测, 回收率在91.2%~97.1%之间. 建立了基于MIPs膜的HRP和H₂O₂双分析物传感器的制备方法, 该方法可应用于酶及其酶促底物双分析物传感器.