桃小食心虫性信息素——(Z)-7-二十碳烯-11-酮的简便合成

桃小食心虫是危害最大的果树害虫之一,其性信息素主要成分为(Z)-7-二十碳烯-11-酮.从2,3-二氢呋喃出发,经酸水解得到4-羟基丁醛,与正庚基三苯基溴化磷制备的Wittig试剂反应得到(Z)-4-十一碳烯-1-醇,经氧化得到(Z)-4-十一碳烯醛,再经格氏加成得到(Z)-7-二十碳烯-11-醇,氧化后得到目标产物.     

应用不同交联度的聚合物Wittig试剂合成亚洲玉米螟性信息素

我国广东省测试分析中心及美国的Klun几乎同时确定亚洲玉米螟性信息素的化学结构为(E)及(Z)-12-十四碳烯-1-醇乙酸酯(Z:E=1:1)。合成方法大多由合适的炔烃出发,先合成相应的炔键类似物,再转化成烯键,但原料较难获得,反应条件苛刻,路线长或产率     

小菜蛾性信息素的合成

以十一碳烯醇和碘戊烷为原料,经过苯甲酰基保护、9-硼双环[3.3.1]-壬烷(9-BBN)硼氢化后氧化、氯铬酸吡啶盐(PCC)氧化、Wittig反应、脱苯甲酰基五步反应得到顺-11-十六碳烯-1-醇(Z11-16:OH),五步反应总收率53％.顺-11-十六碳烯-1-醇经PCC氧化或Ac2O乙酰化分别得到顺-11-十六碳烯-1-醛(Z11-16:Ald)、顺-11-十六碳烯-1-醇乙酸酯(Z11-16:Ac),目标化合物及主要中间体结构经NMR,IR和MS确证.合成方法路线短,操作简便,收率较文献中的方法有较大提高.     

亚洲王米螟性信息素的改良合成

本文报导了亚洲玉米螟性信息素的改良合成. 用1,12-十二碳二醇或10-+-碳烯醇为原料制得溴化(12-羟基十二烷基)三苯基膦, 经强碱作用生成(12-羟基十二烷基)三苯基膦, 与乙醛进行wittig反应后, 得到高顺式的12-十四碳烯醇. 顺式烯醇经异构化得到79%反式烯醇, 从而得到顺式及反式12-十四碳烯醇醋酸酯.     

桃柱螟性信息素的立体选择性合成

分别以10-十一碳烯酸和丙炔醇为起始原料,通过炔化物路线(第1个中间体是10-十一碳炔醇-1(5),第2个中间体是10-十六碳炔醇-1(8))分别立体选择性合成了桃柱螟性信息素成分(E)-10-十六碳烯醛(1)和(Z)-10-十六碳烯醛(2)。     

亚洲玉米螟性信息素的改良合成

亚洲玉米螟(Ostrinia furnacalis (?))是在远东危害玉米的主要害虫,其性信息素为1:1顺、反12-十四碳烯醇醋酸酯。它的合成方法国内外已有报道,但都是由合适的炔烃出发合成相应的炔键类化合物后,再将其转化成烯键。而炔烃较难获得,反应条件苛刻,产率较低。我们分别用1,12-十二碳二醇、10-十一碳烯醇为原料制得溴化(12-羟基十二烷基)三苯基膦,经强碱作用生成(12-羟基十二烷基)三苯基膦,与乙醛进行Wittig反应后,得到     

斜纹夜蛾性信息素的合成及其田间诱捕效果

以1,9-壬二醇为起始原料,经溴代、Wittig及Diels-Alder等反应合成了斜纹夜蛾性信息素主要组分——(Z,E)-9,11-十四碳二烯-1-醇乙酸酯(6),纯度99.2%,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和MS确证。田间试验结果表明,该方法合成的6,与市场上同类产品相比,对斜纹夜蛾雄虫具有明显诱捕效果。     

立体定向合成粘虫性信息素

粘虫是一种多食性害虫,分布极广。它的危害对象包括麦类、水稻、玉米等十多种粮食和经济作物。1979年Takahashi等首先确定粘虫雄蛾(Mythimna Separata male)的性信息素,这是由8:1比例混合的(Z)-11-十六碳烯-1-醇乙酸酯3和(Z)-11-十六碳烯-1-醇4组     

由有机硼烷立体选择合成(Z)、(E)链烯-1-醇乙酸酯类昆虫性信息素

等摩尔的甲硼烷甲硫醚(H₃B·SMe₂)与四溴化碳在60℃下反应20h,定量得到一溴硼烷甲硫醚。从链端烯烃、一卤硼烷甲硫醚和2-[7-辛炔-1-氧基]四氢吡喃及其8-溴代衍生物出发,经硼氢化反应和Zweifel的顺-,反-烯烃合成法,立体选择地合成了鳞翅目昆虫性信息素:(Z)-7-十四烯-1-醇乙酸酯9a、(Z)-7-十六烯-1-醇乙酸酯9b、(E)-7-十四烯-1-醇乙酸酯12及其相应的醇13。产物经GC分析和MS、¹H及¹³C NMR数据证实了它们的纯度和几何构型。     

聚合物支持的三苯基氯硅烷在昆虫性信息素固相合成中的应用

1%二乙烯基苯交联的聚苯乙烯树脂在N,N,N',N'-四甲基乙二胺的存在下用丁基锂进行锂化后与二苯基二氯硅烷反应制得聚苯乙烯支持的三苯基氯硅烷(2).这种聚合物用于一些鳞翅目(lepidoptera)昆虫的性信息素的固相合成.2与1,9-壬二醇,1,10-癸二醇和1,12-十二碳二醇反应分别生成聚合物支持的二醇单硅醚(4a,4b,4c),游离的醇基用Swern试剂(DMSO和草酸酰氯)氧化成聚合物支持的醛(5a,5b,5c),经Wittig缩合反应和用氟离子裂解后分别得到9-十四碳烯醇-1(8a),10-十四碳烯醇-1(8b)和12-十四碳烯醇-1(8c).化合物8经乙酰化后分别得到9-十四碳烯醇-1乙酸酯(9a),其顺式异构体是秋灰夜蛾(S.frugiperda,Smith)的性信息素;10-十四碳烯醇-1乙酸酯(9b),其顺式异构体是橡卷叶蛾(A.semiferamus,Walker)的性信息素;和12-十四碳烯醇-1乙酸酯(9C).9C与四氯化碲反应,硫化钠还原后转化成E-和Z-异构体比例为54:46的亚洲玉米螟(Ostriniafurnicalis)的性信息素.     

松毛虫性信息素(5Z,7E)-十二碳二烯醇的立体选择性合成

从简单原料乙炔出发,通过炔对丙烯醛的加成反应得到7-溴代-(4Z,6E)-庚二烯醛,再经乙二醇保护、Pd催化偶联、水解、Wittig反应和还原等步骤,立体选择性地得到松毛虫性信息素(5Z,7E)-十二碳二烯醇,其结构通过IR,NMR和MS等技术得到确认.     

Practical Syntheses of Some Insect Sex Pheromones, 10- and 12-Alken-1-ol Acetates

Some insect sex pheromones 10-dodecen-1-ol acetates 5a(Z/E) and 12-tetradecen-1-ol acetates 5b(Z/E) have been synthesized from cis-13-docosenoic acid la and cis-15-tetracosenoic acid Ib via the isomerization of key intermediates 11-dodecen-1-ol acetate 4a and 13-tetradodecen-1-ol acetate 4b.     

Insect Sex Pheromone Type Alkenes from the Seeds of Quercus robur

A combination of vacuum liquid chromatography and preparative thin layer chromatography of the combined n-hexane and dichloromethane extracts of the seeds of Quercus robur afforded two insect sex pheromone type alkenes, 5E-tetradecen-1-ol (1) and 6E-tetradecen-1-ol (2), none of which has ever been isolated from any plant sources. The structures of these alkenes were determined by spectroscopic techniques.     

葡萄透翅蛾性信息素

近年来,我们一直对透翅蛾类(sessidae)的昆虫性信息素感兴趣。透翅蛾是世界上广泛分布的蛀干性害虫,在我国主要的有七,八种,对森林、苗圃、果园造成很大经济损失。因此开展其性信息素的研究有一定的意义。     

梨小食心虫性信息素的新法合成

梨小食心虫 (Grapholia molesta)是一种世界性果树害虫 ,主要危害梨、桃和苹果等果树 . 1 96 5年Geroge等 [1] 从该雌蛾腹部分离得到其性信息素 . 1 96 9年 Roelofs等 [2 ] 鉴定其结构为 8(Z/E) -十二碳烯 - 1 -醇乙酸酯 (6 ) .国内外对其生物活性进行了大面积田间试验 ,并用于     

Excess Molar Enthalpies and Excess Molar Volumes of (Water+Octan-1-ol or +Octan-2-ol) at 298.15 K

The excess molar enthalpies and volumes have been determined for the binary system (water+octan-1-ol or +octan-2-ol) by means of direct calorimetric and densimetric measurements in the miscibility range. The experimental data were described through a Redlich-Kister type equation. For excess enthalpies a sigmoidal shape is predicted,while excess volumes are negative except for a little positive queue observed for(water+octan-1-ol) system at very low water content. Also the partial molar enthalpies of solution and the partial molar volumes of water in the two isomeric octanols at infinite dilution have been evaluated and discussed. A comparison is made between excess enthalpies and excess free energies calculated by the UNIFAC method. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

用硝酸-亚硝酸钠双键异构化反应制备昆虫性信息素或其合成中间体

天然昆虫性信息素常是一定比例的两个或几个顺、反异构体的混合物。合成顺式烯烃已有许多有效的方法,如用Lindlar或P-2Ni催化剂氢化炔键,这些方法不仅产率高而且产物的纯度也高。本文报道应用HNO_3-NaN_2异构化双键的方法,使易得的顺式烯烃转化为顺、反异构体的混合物,并研究了温度对反应产物顺、反比例的影响。我们选用顺-3-辛烯醇-1(la)及其乙酸酯(lb),顺-9-十四烯醇-1-乙酸酯(2)和顺-11-十四烯醇-1-乙酸酯(3)进行实验。它们在各种温度下用HNO_3-NaNO_2转化可得不同比例的顺、反混合物(表1)。     

Excess molar enthalpies of R-fenchone + propan-1-ol or +propan-2-ol. Modeling with COSMO-RS and UNIFAC

In this paper, experimental excess molar enthalpies for the binary mixtures of R-fenchone with propan-1-ol or propan-2-ol, at four temperatures (283.15, 298.15, 313.15 and 328.15) K and atmospheric pressure are reported over the entire composition range. They have been fitted to the Redlich–Kister equation at each temperature. Excess molar enthalpies are positive in all cases, being greater for the mixture with propan-2-ol than for the mixture with propan-1-ol. These positive values of the excess enthalpy suggest the predominance of the effect due to hydrogen bond breaking over the interaction between dissimilar molecules in the mixture. Finally UNIFAC (Dortmund) method and the Quantum Continuum Method COSMO-RS have been used to predict the excess molar enthalpies. Better predictions are obtained in the case of UNIFAC model.     

The conformational composition of 3-buten-1-ol, the importance of intramolecular hydrogen bonding

The conformations of 3-buten-1-ol (1), and its model compounds cis-6-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-ol (6), 3-cyclopenten-1-ol (7) and epicholesterol (9) have been investigated by FT-IR and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. The energies and geometries of 1, 6 and 7 were also investigated by molecular mechanics, semiempirical molecular orbital and ab initio calculations, while 9 was investigated by molecular mechanics only. The objective of the work was to study the conformational composition and importance of intramolecular OH…π hydrogen bonding for this composition in 1. Only two conformers of 1 have a geometrical possibility for intramolecular hydrogen bonding: Conformers 12 and 13 (Fig. 1). Compounds 6 and 7 were used as models for Conformer 12, while 9 was used as a model for Conformer 13. The investigations showed that Conformer 13 is the only hydrogen-bonded conformer, and that Conformer 12 is not intramolecularly hydrogen bonded. Conformer 13 was the most populated conformer, while Conformer 12 was hardly populated. The combination of experimental and theoretical data, and the use of model compounds was found necessary to obtain this conclusion.     

Enantioselective synthesis of (1S,4R)-N-(benzylcarbamoyl)-4-aminocyclopent-2-en-1-ol by Candida antarctica lipase B

An efficient biocatalytic process has been developed to obtain optically pure (1S,4R)-N-(benzylcarbamoyl)- 4-aminocyclopent-2-en-1-ol which can be used as the key intermediate of ticagrelor. In this research, several N-(benzylcarbamoyl)-4-aminocyclopent-2-en-1-ol derivatives have been investigated in which Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) was used to catalyze the asymmetric hydrolysis reaction. As expected, some of these substrates successfully gave (1S,4R)-N-(benzylcarbamoyl)-4-aminocyclopent- 2-en-1-ol in >98% enantiomeric excess (ee) with conversion yields up to 45%.