一种合成亚洲玉米螟性外激素的新方法

本文报道了一种合成亚洲玉米螟(Ostrinia furnacalis Guenee)性外信息素新方法:即将10-十一碳烯-1-醇乙酸酯经硼氢化反应得到12-十四碳炔-1-醇乙酸酯,再进行定向还原反应.这样就将原来的五步合成反应缩短到两步.最后分别得到高纯度的(E)和(Z)-12-十四碳烯-1-醇乙酸酯.产品中双键的位置借毛细管气相色谱仪和气相色谱-质谱联用仅得到了确定.反应中间体12-十四碳炔-1-醇也可从2-十三碳炔-1-醇经过“炔键移位反应”(Zipper reaction)、甲基化和乙酰化反应而得到。     

小菜蛾性信息素的合成

以十一碳烯醇和碘戊烷为原料,经过苯甲酰基保护、9-硼双环[3.3.1]-壬烷(9-BBN)硼氢化后氧化、氯铬酸吡啶盐(PCC)氧化、Wittig反应、脱苯甲酰基五步反应得到顺-11-十六碳烯-1-醇(Z11-16:OH),五步反应总收率53％.顺-11-十六碳烯-1-醇经PCC氧化或Ac2O乙酰化分别得到顺-11-十六碳烯-1-醛(Z11-16:Ald)、顺-11-十六碳烯-1-醇乙酸酯(Z11-16:Ac),目标化合物及主要中间体结构经NMR,IR和MS确证.合成方法路线短,操作简便,收率较文献中的方法有较大提高.     

昆虫性信息素的研究 II:顺-11-十六碳烯醛的合成

顺-11-十六碳烯醛是鳞翅目昆虫信息素的主要组份, 本文研究了它的合成从顺-5-癸烯醇-1得相应的对甲苯磺酸酯, 再与格氏试剂反应在Li2CuCl4催化下进行偶联反应得到关键中间体2-(Z-11-十六碳烯氧基)四氢呋喃.     

昆虫性信息素的研究 Ⅱ.顺-11-十六碳烯醛的合成

顺-11-十六碳烯醛(10)是鳞翅目昆虫信息素的主要组份之一,它的合成在文献上已有一些报道。本文则报道从顺-5-癸烯醇-1(3)     

聚合物试剂的研究——Ⅱ.应用聚合物试剂合成桃柱螟性信息素——反-10-十六碳烯-1-醛

以二甲亚砜钠盐和四氢呋喃作为碱和溶剂,应用聚合物 Wittig 试剂合成顺-10-十六碳烯-1-醇5,产率31%,选择性可达90%。5经异构化得反式-10-十六碳烯-1-醇6,6的异构体比例达到生物活性要求。6氧化后得到桃柱螟性信息素——反-10-十六碳烯-1-醛7。产物结构均经 IR、NMR、MS 和元素分析等得到证实。     

聚合物试剂的研究II.应用聚合物试剂合成桃柱螟性信息素-反-10-十六碳烯-1-醛

以二甲亚砜钠盐和四氢呋喃作为碱和溶剂,应用聚合物Wittig试剂合成顺-10-十六碳烯-1-醇5,产率315,选择性可达90%.5经异构化得反式-10-十六碳烯-1-醇6,6的异构体比例达到生物活性要求.6氧化后得到桃柱螟性信息素--反-10-十六碳烯-1-醛7.产物结构均经IR.NMR,MS和元素分析等得到证实.     

桃小食心虫性信息素——(Z)-7-二十碳烯-11-酮的简便合成

桃小食心虫是危害最大的果树害虫之一,其性信息素主要成分为(Z)-7-二十碳烯-11-酮.从2,3-二氢呋喃出发,经酸水解得到4-羟基丁醛,与正庚基三苯基溴化磷制备的Wittig试剂反应得到(Z)-4-十一碳烯-1-醇,经氧化得到(Z)-4-十一碳烯醛,再经格氏加成得到(Z)-7-二十碳烯-11-醇,氧化后得到目标产物.     

卡宾化学中的新领域——不饱和卡宾

卡宾(或称碳烯)作为一类活性反应中间体,一直是一个活跃的研究领域。它不仅推动了诸如硅烯、锗烯以及卡拜(Carbynes,或称碳炔)等新型活性中间体的研究,同时有关卡宾本     

亚洲玉米螟性信息素的简便合成

从Z-15-二十四碳烯酸(1)出发, 经关键中间体13-十四碳烯-1-醇醋酸酯(4)。以CoCl2-Ph3P-NaBH4为催化体系异构化合成亚洲玉米螟性信息素Z/E-12-十四碳烯-1-醇醋酸酯(5)。经GC测定, 其Z、E比例接近1:1。     

假性紫罗酮的合成

假紫罗酮,6,10-二甲基-3,5,9-十一碳三烯2-酮,是合成重要香料紫罗酮、维生素A、E的重要中间体。工业上多用改进的Tjemann法,即丙酮与柠檬醛缩合的方法,及用芳樟醇的中间体脱氢芳樟醇制备。我国柠檬醛的来源——野生植物山苍子的资源丰富,所以     

Synthesis of the (r)(-)enantiomers of the pheromone components of several species of trogoderma [coleoptera: dermestidae]

The chemically pure (R)(-)-enantiomers of (Z)- and (E)-14-methyl-8-hexadecen-1-ol and of (Z)- and (E)-14-methyl-8-hexadecenal, which are sex pheromone components of several species of female dermestid beetles, were synthesised in fairly good overall yield and in rather high optical purity starting from (S)(-)-citronellol. A mixture of (R)(Z)- and (R)(E)-14-methyl-8-hexadecenal in the 92:8 ratio was 10⁷ time less active than a mixture of the corresponding (S)-enantiomers when tested on male Khapra beetles, Trogoderma granarium.     

Novel methods for the quantification of (2E)-hexadecenal by liquid chromatography with detection by either ESI QTOF tandem mass spectrometry or fluorescence measurement

Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase (SPL) is the only known enzyme that irreversibly cleaves sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) into phosphoethanolamine and (2E)-hexadecenal during the final step of sphingolipid catabolism. Because S1P is involved in a wide range of physiological and diseased processes, determining the activity of the degrading enzyme is of great interest. Therefore, we developed two procedures based on liquid chromatography (LC) for analysing (2E)-hexadecenal, which is one of the two S1P degradation products. After separation, two different quantification methods were performed, tandem mass spectrometry (MS) and fluorescence detection. However, (2E)-hexadecenal as a long-chain aldehyde is not ionisable by electrospray ionisation (ESI) for MS quantification and has an insufficient number of corresponding double bonds for fluorescence detection. Therefore, we investigated 2-diphenylacetyl-1,3-indandione-1-hydrazone (DAIH) as a derivatisation reagent. DAIH transforms the aldehyde into an ionisable and fluorescent analogue for quantitative analysis. Our conditions were optimised to obtain the outstanding limit of detection (LOD) of 1 fmol per sample (30 μL) for LC–MS/MS and 0.75 pmol per sample (200 μL) for LC determination with fluorescence detection. We developed an extraction procedure to separate and concentrate (2E)-hexadecenal from biological samples for these measurements. To confirm our new methods, we analysed the (2E)-hexadecenal level of different cell lines and human plasma for the first time ever. Furthermore, we treated HT-29 cells with different concentrations of 4-deoxypyridoxine (DOP), which competitively inhibits pyridoxal-5-phosphate (P5P), an essential cofactor for SPL activity, and observed a significant decrease in (2E)-hexadecenal relative to the untreated cells.     

Pheromones of coleoptera. Communication 5. Synthesis of R,E-14-methyl-8-hexadecenal (trans-trogodermal)

Conclusions A short synthesis of R,E-14-methyl-8-hexadecenal (trans-trogodermal) from 1,1-ethylene-dioxy-8-acetoxy-9-decene and R-(-)-1-bromo-4-methylhexane was realized.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya, Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 903–906, April, 1987.     

昆虫信息素研究 I: 谷斑皮蠹性信息素14-甲基-顺-8-十六碳烯醛的立体选择合成

研究了谷斑皮蠹性信息素的主要活性组份为14-甲基-8-十六碳烯醛, 报导了新合成路线, 其关键步骤是以2-溴丁烷的格氏试剂与1,4-二溴丁烷在Li2CuCl4存在下发生偶联反应, 制得的1-溴-5-甲基庚烷, 它与金属锂、CuI和CH≡CH反应而得高纯度顺式双键构型产物, 脱保护基再经PCC氢化即得目的物14-甲基-顺-8-十六碳烯醛.     

昆虫信息素结构鉴定和合成的研究XXV.用三乙胺作烯铜锂试剂配位体合成棉铃虫和午毒蛾性信息素

Tri-Et amine liganded vinyl cuprate was employed in the synthesis of the major components of the sex pheromone of old world bollworm moth (Heliothis armigera), cis-7-hexadecenal (I) and cis-11-hexadecenal (II), and gypsy moth (Porthetria dispar), 7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane (III), with high Z purity (99.9%). The overall yields of I and II from octyllithium and BuLi were 70% in 3 steps, and that of III from decyllithium was 60% in 2 steps.     

Synthesis and biological activity of both (E)- and (Z)-isomers of optically pure (S)-14-methyl-8-hexadecenal (trogodermal), the antipodes of the pheromone of the khapra beetle

Both (E)- and (Z)-isomers of (S)-14-methyl-8-hexadecenal (trogodermal) were synthesized from 100% optically pure (R)-(+)-citronellic acid. These antipodes of the khapra beetle pheromone were 1/500 to 1/1000 times as active as the natural (R)-pheromone. Determination of the optical purities of citronellic acid and related compounds was achieved by hplc method. Warning was made not to forget the measurement of density in expressing the optical rotation of a neat liquid as [α]_D (neat).     

Concerning the reaction of 2-(10-diazo-10H-anthracen-9-ylidene)-malonodinitrile and related compounds with the cryptohydride system formic acid-triethylamine

Summary The reaction of 2-(10-diazo-10H-anthracen-9-ylidene)-malonodinitrile (1) with the cryptohydride system formic acid - triethylamine was studied. The reaction product turned out to be anthracen-9-yl-acetonitrile (2a) instead of the expected 10-dicyanomethyl-9,10-dihydro-anthracene-9-yl formate. Compounds related to1 yielded in this reaction the corresponding 10-substituted anthracen-9-yl-acetonitriles. A mechanism of this reaction is proposed. The product of the formic acid promoted decomposition of1, compound3b, as well as its tautomer4b were also obtained.

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Zur Reaktion von 2-(10-Diazo-10H-anthracen-9-yliden)-malodinitril und Verwandten Verbindungen mit dem Kryptohydridsystem Ameisensäure - Triethylamin

Zusammenfassung Die Reaktion von 2-(10-Diazo-10H-anthracen-9-yliden)-malodinitril (1) mit dem Kryptohydridsystem Ameisensäure — Triethylamin wurde untersucht. Das Umsetzungsprodukt stellte sich als Anthracen-9-yl-acetonitril (2a) und nicht als erwartetes 10-Dicyanomethyl-9,10-dihydroanthracen-9-yl-format heraus. Verwandte Verbindungen reagierten in dieser Reaktion zu 10-substituierten Anthracen-9-yl-acetonitrilen. Ein Mechanismus für diese Reaktion wird vorschlagen. Das Produkt der durch Ameisensäure initiierten Zersetzung von1, Verbindung3b, wie auch sein Tautomer4b, wurden ebenfalls dargestellt.

     

Insect pheromones : Synthesis of chiral sex pheromone components of several species of trogoderma (coleoptera: dermestidae)

The (S)-enantiomers of (Z)- and (E)-14-methyl-8-hexadecen-1-ol, 1 and 4, respectively, and of (Z)- and (E)-14-methyl-8-hexadecenal, 6 and 7, respectively, which are sex pheromone components of dermestid beetles, have been synthesized in high optical purity starting from optically pure (S)-2-methyl-1-butanol. The preparation of 1 has been carried out using a new general method for reducing stereoselectively and in high yield ω-alkynols to the corresponding (E)-alkenols. The rotatory power of optically pure 1, 4, 6 and 7 has been established.     

Determination of coenzyme Q10 in human breast milk by high-performance liquid chromatography

An isocratic HPLC method was developed for the determination of coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) in human breast milk. After a single-step liquid-liquid extraction, the milk extract was injected directly into the HPLC system. The analytical method is based on pre-column inline treatment of CoQ(10). Chromatographic separation of CoQ(10) and coenzyme Q(9) (CoQ(9)) internal standard was achieved using a reversed-phase Microsorb-MV C(18) analytical column. CoQ(10) and CoQ(9) were monitored by an electrochemical detector (ECD). An excellent linearity (r = 0.999) was observed for CoQ(10) in the concentration range 0.06-2.5 micromol L(-1) in breast milk. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 60 nmol L(-1). Coefficients of variations (CVs) for intra-day and inter-day assay precisions were less than 5%. A total of 194 breast milk samples were analyzed for the CoQ(10) concentration; the mean value was 0.32 +/- 0.21 micromol L(-1).     

反式-9, 10-二氢-9, 10-二(1-萘基)-9, 10-菲二醇的包合现象 与晶体结构

按文献方法合成了一个螯形主体分子,反式-9,10-二氢-9,10-二(1-萘基)-9,10-菲二醇。研究发现该主体可以和一些含氮杂环化合物形成一定比例的晶体包合物。用X-射线衍射分析二环己胺包合物的晶体结构表明,包合物中主客体之间存在O-H…N氢键相互作用,客体分子包合在主体分子形成的空腔中。