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根据应用型本科院校人才培养要求,结合本校实际和多年教学经验,从化学基础实验课程内容设置、教学方法和成绩评定等3方面提出对实验课程体系进行优化设计,同时探索新型的实验教学模式,构建“4课一体、3个阶段、4个层次”的实验课程新体系,并将“可视化”教学模式引进实验教学中,同时制定“多元加权”的“过程质量评价”体系。 相似文献
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节选了部分适应性高考题中的“真实性实验问题”进行分析和探讨,解释了相关实验现象,运用“数学关系式”对相关图像的数据进行了比较分析,并提出了相关的教学建议。“真实性实验问题”是“真实情境”试题的来源之一,针对试题、教材、教学中的“真实性实验问题”进行定位和比较,为落实以“化学学科核心素养”为命题原则的新高考做好铺垫和引导作用。 相似文献
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利用化学教学设计评价量表(CTDES),对广州市某高校86名化学师范生在教育实习期间完成的教学设计进行评价,发现师范生在“认知与元认知”“社会文化与情感”“科学描述与应用”指标表现中等,在“一致性”指标表现较好。师范生在对“理论化学”和“描述化学”类课题进行教学设计时,在“认知与元认知”“社会文化与情感”“科学描述与应用”3个指标上的得分存在显著差异。 相似文献
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基于布卢姆教育目标分类学,从知识、认知过程2个评价维度对中美化学教材“氧化还原反应和电化学”主题的习题进行了比较研究,结果表明,在知识维度,2国教材均较为重视“概念性知识”和“程序性知识”,但中国教材侧重前者而美国教材侧重后者;在认知过程维度,美国教材对“理解”“运用”水平的考查均较多且尤为侧重“运用”,中国教材对“运用”“理解”“分析”水平的考查均较多,整体上较为均衡。教材习题编写应该关注习题的课程功能创生,注重对学生学科思维、解决实际问题能力的考查,充分发挥其对教与学尤其是学生学习方式的引导作用。 相似文献
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以人教版高中《化学1》《化学2》为研究对象,将化学教科书中“潜台词”分为文字中的“潜台词”、表格中的“潜台词”、插图中的“潜台词”3类,对教科书中“潜台词”的作用与功能、类型与呈现知识的方式进行了说明与分析。 相似文献
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Kerstin Schulze‐Matthi Jürgen Bendig Petra Neubauer Burkhard Ziemer 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2000,56(6):e257-e258
The bonding geometry of sulfur in the cations of the title compounds, C8H11S+·CF3SO3? and C13H13S+·CF3SO3?, respectively, is similar and is independent of the ratio of the Me/Ph substituents. As expected, in both cations, the S—Ph bonds are somewhat shorter than the S—Me bonds. In both crystal structures, the interaction between cations and anions is similar. 相似文献
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Ming‐Liang Tong Shao‐Liang Zheng Xiao‐Ming Chen 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2000,56(8):960-962
The title compound, poly[[diaquadibromocadmium‐μ‐(1,3,5,7‐tetraazatricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane‐N1:N5)‐aquacadmium‐di‐μ‐bromo‐aquacadmium‐μ‐(1,3,5,7‐tetraazatricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane‐N1:N5)‐di‐μ‐bromo] dihydrate], [Cd3Br6(C6H12N4)2(H2O)4]·2H2O, is made up of two‐dimensional neutral rectangular coordination layers. Each rectangular subunit is enclosed by a pair of Cd3(μ2‐Br)6(H2O)3 fragments and a pair of (μ2‐hmt)Cd(H2O)2Br2(μ2‐hmt) fragments as sides (hmt is hexamethylenetetramine). The unique CdII atom in the Cd2Br2 ring in the Cd3(μ2‐Br)6(H2O)3 fragment is in a slightly distorted octahedral CdNOBr4 geometry, surrounded by one hmt ligand [2.433 (5) Å], one aqua ligand [2.273 (4) Å] and four Br atoms [2.6409 (11)–3.0270 (14) Å]. The CdII atom in the (μ2‐hmt)Cd(H2O)2Br2(μ2‐hmt) fragment lies on an inversion center and is in a highly distorted octahedral CdN2O2Br2 geometry, surrounded by two trans‐related N atoms of two hmt ligands [2.479 (5) Å], two trans‐related aqua ligands [2.294 (4) Å] and two trans‐related Br atoms [2.6755 (12) Å]. Adjacent two‐dimensional coordination sheets are connected into a three‐dimensional network by hydrogen bonds involving lattice water molecules, and the aqua, bromo and hmt ligands belonging to different layers. 相似文献
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Y. Akishige H. Shigematsu T. Tojo H. Kawaji T. Atake 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2005,81(3):537-540
Summary Specific heats on the single crystals of Sr2Nb2O7, Sr2Ta2O7 and (Sr1-xBax)2Nb2O7 were measured in a wide temperature range of 2-600 K. Heat anomalies of a λ-type were observed at the incommensurate phase transition of TINC (=495 K) on Sr2Nb2O7 and at the super-lattice phase transition of TSL (=443 K) on Sr2Ta2O7; the transition enthalpies and the transition entropies were estimated. Furthermore, a small heat anomaly was observed at the low temperature ferroelectric phase transition of TLOW (=95 K) on Sr2Nb2O7. The transition temperature TLOW decreases with increasing Ba content x and it vanishes for samples of x>2%. 相似文献
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Hiroki Akutsu Jun‐ichi Yamada Shin'ichi Nakatsuji 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2003,59(8):o433-o434
The title compound, C24H20P+·C9H17NO5S−, consists of an organic monovalent cation and an organic monovalent anion, the latter being derived from the TEMPO radical (TEMPO is 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐oxyl). Two inversion‐related anions interact via two –O—H⃛O—S– hydrogen bonds, forming a dimer in which there are no short contacts between the spin centres (–N—O) of the TEMPO(OH)SO3− anions. Furthermore, no significant magnetic interaction is observed between the dimers because the dimer is surrounded by cations. These results are consistent with the paramagnetic behaviour of the title salt. 相似文献
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John Nicolson Low George Ferguson James L. Wardell 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2000,56(8):e317-e317
In the title compound, [Sb(CH3)(C6H5)3]BF4, there are four independent cations and anions in the asymmetric unit. The geometry around the Sb atom is distorted tetrahedral, with Sb—C distances in the range 2.077 (4)–2.099 (10) Å and angles at the Sb atom in the range 103.3 (3)–119.0 (4)°. 相似文献
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Maren Pink Doyle Britton Wayland E. Noland Matthew J. Pinnow 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2000,56(10):1271-1273
The molecular structures of the title compounds, 2,4,6‐trichlorophenylisonitrile (IUPAC name: 2,4,6‐trichlorophenyl isocyanide), C7H2Cl3N, and 2,4,6‐trichlorobenzonitrile, C7H2Cl3N, are normal. The two structures are not isomorphous, but do contain similar two‐dimensional layers in which pairs of molecules are held together by pairs of Cl?CN [3.245 (3) Å] or Cl?NC [3.153 (2) Å] interactions. The two‐dimensional isomorphism is lost through different layer‐stacking modes. 相似文献
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Russell G. Baughman Kenneth L. Martin Rajendra K. Singh James O. Stoffer 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2004,60(2):o103-o106
In 2,4‐dihydroxybenzaldehyde 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazone N,N‐dimethylformamide solvate {or 4‐[(2,4‐dinitrophenyl)hydrazonomethyl]benzene‐1,3‐diol N,N‐dimethylformamide solvate}, C13H10N4O6·C3H7NO, (X), 2,4‐dihydroxyacetophenone 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazone N,N‐dimethylformamide solvate (or 4‐{1‐[(2,4‐dinitrophenyl)hydrazono]ethyl}benzene‐1,3‐diol N,N‐dimethylformamide solvate), C14H12N4O6·C3H7NO, (XI), and 2,4‐dihydroxybenzophenone 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazone N,N‐dimethylacetamide solvate (or 4‐{[(2,4‐dinitrophenyl)hydrazono]phenylmethyl}benzene‐1,3‐diol N,N‐dimethylacetamide solvate), C19H14N4O6·C4H9NO, (XII), the molecules all lack a center of symmetry, crystallize in centrosymmetric space groups and have been observed to exhibit non‐linear optical activity. In each case, the hydrazone skeleton is fairly planar, facilitated by the presence of two intramolecular hydrogen bonds and some partial N—N double‐bond character. Each molecule is hydrogen bonded to one solvent molecule. 相似文献
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9,10‐Diphenyl‐9,10‐epidioxyanthracene and 9,10‐dihydro‐10,10‐dimethoxy‐9‐phenylanthracen‐9‐ol
Anwar Usman Hoong‐Kun Fun Yun Li Jian‐Hua Xu 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2003,59(6):o308-o310
9,10‐Diphenyl‐9,10‐epidioxyanthracene, C26H18O2, (I), was accidentally used in a photooxygenation reaction that produced 9,10‐dihydro‐10,10‐dimethoxy‐9‐phenylanthracen‐9‐ol, C22H20O3, (II). In both compounds, the phenyl rings are approximately orthogonal to the anthracene moiety. The conformation of the anthracene moiety differs as a result of substitution. Intramolecular C—H⃛O interactions in (I) form two approximately planar S(5) rings in each of the two crystallographically independent molecules. The packing of (I) and (II) consists of molecular dimers stabilized by C—H⃛O interactions and of molecular chains stabilized by O—H⃛O interactions, respectively. 相似文献
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Summary We have fabricated glasses in the Bi-2223 HTc superconductor system with Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3-xErxO10+ δ nominal composition, where x=0.5 and 1.0, by the glass-ceramic technique. Using an analysis developed for non-isothermal crystallization studies, information on some aspects of crystallization temperature and thermal properties has been obtained. The crystallization studies were made using DTA with several uniform rates. The calculations of crystallization activation energies, Ea, and the Avrami parameters, n, were made based on the non-isothermal kinetic theory of Kissinger and the Ozawa’s equations. The DTA data of the samples showed that the first crystallization temperature, Tx1, increases and the second crystallization temperature, Tx2, decreases by increasing the Er concentration. This suggests that the Er substitution had significant effect on the glassification of the BSCCO material due to change on the surface nucleation and increased ionic activities at high temperature region. The activation energy for crystallization, Ea, of the samples was also showed an increase at high Er concentration case. However, the Avrami parameter, n, decreased from 2.5 to 1.7 for x=0.5 and 1.0 samples, respectively. This suggests that the growth mechanism is diffusion-controlled and three-dimensional parabolic growth takes place near the first crystallization temperature. The oxidization rates and the activation barrier for oxygen out-diffusion process, E, was calculated using the TG data. It was found that the total mass gain in the x=0.5 sample is comparably smaller than that of the x=1.0 sample. This shows that the oxygen absorption of the x=1.0 sample is faster than the x=0.5 sample, leading to increase in the oxidization rate in the x=1.0 material. 相似文献