"蹦环"现象理论分析

对“蹦环”现象进行了理论分析,给出了金属环蹦起初速度的表达式,同时指出了文献[1]存在的不足。     

完全非弹性蹦球的动力学行为

对振动台面上的完全非弹性球的蹦跳行为进行了初步分析.受约化振动加速度的控制，球的运动可以表现出一系列倍周期分岔过程.对几种典型的倍周期运动及分岔情况进行了讨论. 关键词： 蹦球 倍周期分岔 混沌 颗粒物质     

摩擦力对非弹性蹦球倍周期运动的影响

分析了摩擦力对竖直振动台面上完全非弹性蹦球动力学行为的影响.当控制参数Γ由1逐渐增大时,作用在蹦球上的恒定摩擦力不会改变倍周期分岔的序列,但会使倍周期分岔点的数值变大.与无摩擦力时的情况相比,在飞行时间的分岔图中也存在倍周期分岔密集区,只是被横向拉伸纵向压缩,且具有不同的分形特性.与受振颗粒体系中的倍周期分岔过程做了比较,发现当摩擦力取值为颗粒总重量的20%—30%时两者符合很好.     

竖直振动颗粒床中的倍周期运动

实验研究了竖直振动颗粒床中颗粒对容器底部的压力随振动强度的变化情况.发现压力随振动加速度的增加经历倍周期分岔，典型的分岔序列为：2P，4P，混沌，3P，6P，混沌，4P，8P，混沌.观察表明，伴随倍周期分岔现象，在颗粒床底部出现颗粒的聚集态.聚集态内颗粒密堆积在一起并作整体的上下运动.采用完全非弹性蹦球模型分析了颗粒对容器底的冲击力，并给出了倍周期分岔现象的一种解释. 关键词： 颗粒物质 混沌 倍周期分岔 非弹性碰撞     

完全非弹性蹦球倍周期运动的分形特征

一个落在振动台面上的完全非弹性球的运动是倍周期的.倍周期分岔过程受约化振动加速度的控制,倍周期分岔图由疏密相间的区域构成.在密集区内,倍周期分岔过程敏感地依赖于控制参数,呈现出复杂的几何结构.分析了密集区的分形特性,并计算了各密集区的分维数.结果表明密集区的分维数是依次增大的,逐渐趋于一个约为1.8的常数. 关键词： 蹦球 倍周期分岔 分形 颗粒物质     

基态球谐振子的空间“塌陷”

用幂级数方法研究球谐振子定态薛定谔方程解析解，发现波函数球系表示ψ(r,θ，φ)在r～0处可以无界，只要rψ(r,θ，φ)在r～0处有界，就不违背波函数的玻恩统计解释而且基态能量是ω/2, 而不是3ω/2，这是低能量条件下的振动系统空间“塌陷”现象. 关键词： 球谐振子 基态能量 波函数 空间塌陷     

超级弹性球的反跳

近年来,超级弹性球的出现,尤其是“超球”反跳所显示的奇特现象,引起了人们极大的兴趣。本文将用简易的计算,说明“超球”反跳的某些现象.     

空气阻力对完全非弹性蹦球动力学行为的影响

一个在振动台面上蹦跳的小球具有复杂的运动形式，如倍周期分岔和混沌．如果球与台面间的碰撞是完全非弹性的，则球的运动是倍周期的，不存在混沌．在分岔相图中，鞍一结不稳定性引入“平台”结构，同时存在倍周期轨道的密集区．这里将研究空气的黏滞阻力对完全非弹性蹦球动力学行为的影响．分析表明，空气阻力很弱时，分岔序列不受影响，但分岔点的数值变大，“平台”和密集区加宽．空气阻力较大时，“平台”与密集区重叠．重叠区内原有产生倍周期运动的机理被破坏，球的运动是混沌的．     

"蹦环"所受磁场力的分析

给出了“蹦环”实验中“蹦环”所受磁场力的理论分析，所得结论与实验结果相符。     

X射线相衬成像中靶丸球壳界面晕区暗区现象

在微聚焦X射线以及等离子体X射线源平台上开展了多层球壳靶丸的相衬成像实验。实验结果表明,通过相衬成像能够获得清晰的多层球壳靶丸图像并观察到球壳内外表面晕区暗区现象。根据光的折射原理解释了该晕区暗区现象产生的物理机制。实验结果与几何模型计算结果符合较好。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.