分光光度法测定废钴钼催化剂中的钴含量

应用分光光度法测定废钴钼催化剂中的钴含量。优化的试验条件如下:1测定波长530nm;2柠檬酸钠溶液(掩蔽剂)质量浓度为250g·L-1;3亚硝酸钠溶液(氧化剂)质量浓度为5g·L-1;45g·L-1亚硝基红盐溶液(显色剂)用量为5mL;5硫酸(1+1)溶液用量为10mL。钴的质量在0.35mg以内与吸光度呈线性关系,钴的检出限(3S/N)为10μg·L-1,加标平均回收率为98.9%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=15)为4.6%。     

高效液相色谱法测定癸二酸和癸二腈

采用C18不锈钢柱为色谱柱(25 cm×4.6 mm,5 um),示差折光检测器,高效液相色谱法测定癸二酸和癸二腈.测定癸二酸时选用己二酸做内标物,甲醇和乙酸(1 99)溶液以体积比50比50混合的溶液作为流动相.在100-900 mg·L-1范围内,峰面积比和峰高比对标准溶液的质量浓度呈线性关系.测定癸二腈时选用己二腈做内标,甲醇和乙酸(1 99)溶液以体积比40比60混合作为流动相.在0.227-8.17 g·L-1范围内,峰面积比和峰高比对标准溶液的质量浓度呈线性关系.     

二次微分简易示波伏安法用于安乃近测定

根据安乃近在 0 .1mol·L-1 KNO3 底液中产生切口 ( - 1 .2V(vs.SCE) )的示波特性 ,建立了安乃近的二次微分简易示波伏安测定法 ,并对安乃近片剂中的含量进行了直接测定 .校正曲线的线性范围为 5.0× 1 0 -6 ～ 5.0× 1 0 -5mol·L-1 ,检出限为 2× 1 0 -6 mol·L-1 ,对 3 .0 0 0× 1 0 -5mo1·L-1 安乃近五次测定结果的相对标准偏差为 2 .1 % .本法具有仪器装置简单、经济 ,方法简便、快速 ,无需通氮除氧以及不必滤除赋形剂等优点     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定水体中溴和碘量

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定水体中溴和碘的含量。水样无需前处理与内标溶液稀释后直接测定,用氨水(1+99)溶液作介质和清洗液。以铟为内标物。溴和碘的质量浓度在100μg·L-1以内与其响应强度呈线性关系,溴的检出限为0.19μg·L-1,碘的检出限为0.083μg·L-1。对5μg·L-1溴和碘的混合标准溶液连续测定18次,测定值的相对标准偏差为2.3%(溴),1.9%(碘)。方法用于水样的分析,加标回收率在88.0%~110%之间。     

酚二磺酸光度法测定水中总氮

在酚二磺酸光度法测定水中总氮量的方法中,用高压反应釜代替比色管,改进了样品的碱性过硫酸钾消解效果,避免了样品消解不彻底,氧化剂分解不完全及样品中铵氮以氨气形式逸出等.标准曲线的线性范围在0.02～1.90 mg·L-1之间,检出限(3σ)为0.02 mg·L-1.按此方法测定了6种水样中的总氮量,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于3.5%.用标准加入法对方法的回收率作了试验,测得结果在98%～102%之间.     

基于磷钼蓝反应测定钴-钼催化剂浸渍液中钼离子含量

基于磷钼蓝反应测定钴-钼催化剂浸渍液中钼离子含量。建立了一个流动注射-磷钼蓝分光光度法测定高浓度钼离子的含量,优化后的条件为:1酸度调节剂为0.5mol·L-1硫酸溶液;2载流为超纯水;3反应试剂为120g·L-1磷酸二氢钾、100g·L-1抗坏血酸及0.3mol·L-1硫酸的混合液;4总流量为2.8 mL·min-1;5酸度调节盘管长度为20cm;6反应盘管长度为250cm。三氧化钼的质量浓度在10.0~300.0g·L-1范围内与峰高呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为2.0g·L-1。方法用于钴-钼催化剂钼浸渍液的分析,回收率在99.7%~105%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=11)小于1%。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定北虫草中总硒和无机硒

北虫草试样经硝酸-高氯酸(5+1)混合酸消解,用原子荧光光谱法测定总硒的含量;北虫草试样用盐酸浸提,用原子荧光光谱法测定无机硒的含量。使用溶于5g.L-1氢氧化钾溶液中的20g.L-1硼氢化钾溶液使与溶液中硒离子反应生成氢化物。分析中采用载气及屏蔽气的流量依次为500mL.min-1及1 000mL.min-1。荧光强度与硒的质量浓度在100μg·L-1以内呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3s/k)为0.2μg·L-1。应用此法测定北虫草中硒的含量,总砷测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在3.4%～3.9%之间,无机硒的平均回收率为103%。     

微溶剂萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定水中邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯

取水样25mL,加入无水硫酸钠3.0g,加入环己烷2.0mL,振荡萃取3min。移取萃取了邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)的上层有机相2.0μL注入HP-5毛细管柱(30m×0.32mm,0.25μm)色谱分离后进行质谱测定。DEHP的质量浓度在50.0μg.L-1以内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.052μg.L-1。分析了早、中、晚不同时间的天津市自来水,并用标准加入法做回收试验,测得回收率在97.0%～109.4%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于2.5%。     

高效液相色谱法测定蜈蚣草中二苯砷酸

建立了高效液相色谱法测定蜈蚣草中二苯砷酸的分析方法。样品采用0.1mol·L-1磷酸氢二钠溶液振荡提取4h,高速离心,上清液以Shimadzu VP-ODS反相C18柱为分离柱,以乙腈-0.02mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾溶液(16+84)作为流动相进行洗脱,检测波长为220nm。二苯砷酸的质量浓度在0.20~2.0 mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为2.8mg·kg-1。对空白样品进行加标回收试验,加标回收率在98.5%~98.8%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)为0.97%~4.6%。方法可应用于蜈蚣草中二苯砷酸的检测。     

流动注射-分光光度法测定钴钼催化剂浸渍液中高浓度钼离子

在0.75mol·L-1硫酸溶液中,抗坏血酸可将Mo6+还原为Mo5+,而硫氰酸铵能与生成的Mo5+显色,在波长465nm处有最大吸收峰,据此提出了一种流动注射-分光光度法测定钴钼催化剂浸渍液中超高浓度钼离子含量的方法。钼的质量浓度在3.3～93.3g·L-1范围内与其ΔA呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3s/k)为0.35g·L-1。方法用于钴钼催化剂浸渍液中钼离子含量的测定,测得方法的回收率在95.0%～101%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=11)小于1%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.