ICP-AES法同时测定镁合金中七种元素

研究了用ICP-AES法同时测定镁合金中的铝、锌、锰、铍、铜、镍、铁等七种元素方法.试样用盐酸、过氧化氢分解,在最优化工作条件下,用BAIRD ICP-2000/PS-8型多道等离子体发射光谱仪同时测定上述七种元素.方法的相对标准偏差为1.73%～5.58%,回收率为90.0%～107.2%.     

液相色谱-串联质谱检测蔬菜和茶叶中吡虫啉的残留量

介绍了利用液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）快速、准确地测定蔬菜、茶叶产品中吡虫啉残留量的方法。前处理方法为用乙腈提取,再用弗罗里硅土和活性炭混合柱净化。用多反应监测技术确定吡虫啉的两对离子(m/z 256.0/209.3,m/z 256.0/175.2)为定性离子对,m/z 209.3为定量离子。方法的定量限为0.01 mg/kg,线性范围为0.01～0.5 mg/L,加标回收率为76%～90%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为7.4%～11.0%。     

高效液相色谱法测定硝基涂料中的增塑剂邻苯二甲酸酯类

建立了用高效液相色谱法测定硝基涂料中的邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的方法。样品待挥发性有机物挥发后,用乙醇提取其中的邻苯二甲酸酯类,直接用HPLC分析,外标法定量。该方法的精密度为2 05%～4 93%,回收率为79 5%～106 0%,检出限为DMP0 14ng,DEP0 22ng,DBP0.61ng。     

Na2EDTA滴定法测定粗二氧化碲中铅含量

建立了用氢溴酸消除锑、砷、锡干扰,用硫酸将铅形成硫酸铅沉淀,再用EDTA络合滴定法测定粗二氧化碲中铅量的方法。试样用硝酸、盐酸溶解,用硫酸沉淀铅,氢溴酸消除锑、砷、锡的干扰后,过滤分离其他共存元素,以乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液溶解硫酸铅沉淀,在pH=5.0～6.0时,以二甲酚橙作指示剂,用Na_2EDTA溶液滴定溶液中铅含量。实验结果表明,氢溴酸加入量为15mL,酒石酸加入量为10mL,沉淀体积为50～60mL,沉淀时间1h以上时,方法相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.10%～1.1%,加标回收率为97.1%～102%,满足粗二氧化碲中铅量的生产控制检测要求。     

IＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法测定铜阳极泥和分银渣中锡、碲的含量

目前资料介绍测定锡的方法大都比较繁琐,本文探索了氢氧化钾、硝酸钾熔融, 在氨水—氯化铵介质中,用氢氧化铁共沉淀分离和富集锡、碲后,标准系列中加入铁,进行基体匹配,用ICP－ＡＥＳ法测定铜阳极泥和分银渣中锡、碲的含量。本文对测定锡、碲的条件及共存元素的干扰情况进行了研究,方法的检出限: 锡为0.0012 μg/mL、碲为0.024μg/mL ;加标回收率：锡为98.00%～100.33%;碲为99.00%～102.00%;相对标准偏差：锡为2.42%～6.61%;碲为：1.32%～11.48%。方法简单快速,易于掌握。测定范围：0.02%～5.0%     

微波消解原子吸收光谱法测定贝类产品中的铅和镉

用微波消解进行样品前处理,原子吸收光谱法测定贝类中Pb、Cd,对基体改进剂等一些影响因素进行了探讨.用该方法测定贝类回收率为95%～107%.相对标准偏差为4.8%～7.1%.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定红土镍矿中铜、锌、铬含量

红土镍矿样品用盐酸、硝酸分解,残渣用焦硫酸钾熔融,在稀盐酸介质中,采用氘灯扣除背景,分别用原子吸收光谱仪于波长324.8,213.9,357.9 nm处,使用空气–乙炔火焰,测量铜、锌、铬的含量。在最佳实验条件下,铜、锌、铬的质量浓度分别在0.50～2.50,0.30～1.50,0.50～4.50 mg/L范围内与吸光度线性关系良好,相关系数r分别为0.9986,0.9943,0.9942。方法检出限铜为0.0067 mg/L,锌为0.0010 mg/L,铬为0.0014 mg/L,加标回收率为95.0%～105.7%。精密度试验验证铜、锌、铬的含量分别在0.01%～0.50%,0.01%～1.00%,0.01%～4.00%范围内重复性和再现性较好。此方法适合于红土镍矿中铜、锌、铬含量的测定。     

四-(对甲氧基基苯基)-卟啉柱前衍生,固相萃取高效液相色谱法测定痕量铁、钴、铜、锌和锰

研究了用固相萃取富集,高效液相色谱法测定环境水样中痕量Fe、Co、Cu, Zn和Mn的方法.环境水样中的Fe、Co、Cu、Zn和Mn用四-(对甲氧基苯基)-卟啉 (T4MPP) 柱前衍生,用Waters Sep-Pak-C18固相萃取小柱萃取富集Fe、Co、Cu、Zn和Mn的T4MPP络合物,富集倍数达50倍;然后用甲醇和四氢呋喃梯度洗脱为流动相,Waters XterraTM RP18色谱柱为固定相分离,用二极管矩阵检测器检测.Fe、Co、Cu、Zn和Mn的检测限分别为3.2、1.8、2.0、2.0和4.5 ng/L.方法相对标准偏差为2.1%～3.7%,标准回收率为94%～107%.该方法用于环境水样分析,结果令人满意.     

直读光谱法测定CD4MCu不锈钢中碳、镍、铬、铜、钼

应用光电直读光谱法测定了不锈钢(CD4MCu)中碳、镍、铬、铜及钼5种元素。通过下述三项措施提高了方法的准确度和精密度:共存元素的干扰校正;增加制作各元素的标准工作曲线时所用的标准样品数,用了两套标准共13块光谱分析用标准样品;选择样块上合适部位作为光谱激发点。上述5种元素的测量范围(质量分数)依次为0.02%～0.35%,3.50%～28.0%,6.50%～32.0%,0.05%～5.0%及0.05%～4.0%。对方法的精密度做了试验,测得相对标准偏差(n=11)为碳4.8%,镍、铬、钼0.4%,铜2.3%。应用此方法分析了5个不锈钢(CD4MCu)样品,所测得数据与用GB标准中化学法所测得的结果完全一致。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定铅锭中11种杂质元素

研究了用酸分解试样后不需分离基体直接用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定铅锭中银、铜、铋、砷、锑、锡、锌、铁、镉、镍、铊11种杂质元素的方法。优化了样品前处理条件及仪器检测条件。方法的检出限为0.0012～0.0168μg/mL,回收率为89%～110%,RSD为2.3%～5.0%。方法简便快速,检出限低,精密度和准确度能满足铅锭中杂质元素的检测要求,具有较强的实用性和可操作性,可用于铅锭中杂质元素的测定。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.