在CTMAB存在下钨的催化极谱波及海水中超痕量钨的测定方法

研究了硫酸-二苯羟乙酸-氯酸钾-CTMAB体系中钨的极谱催化性质.证实了该极谱波是吸附催化波.发现了CTMAB能改善波形,增加灵敏度,同时能消除较大量钼的干扰。利用CHCl_3萃取钨与氯化6,7-二羟基-2,4-二苯基苯并吡喃的络合物,以浓缩海水中超痕量的钨,然后用催化极谱法测定.水中钨的测定灵敏度为5×10~(-11)M.方法选择性好,简便、快速.除能测定海水外,还可用于测定江水、湖水、温泉水以及自来水等,均取得了满意的结果.     

极谱法测定二苯胺磺酸钠的研究

本文报道两种测定二苯胺磺酸钠的极谱方法，它们是基于在Ｈ２ＳＯ４和ＮａＮＯ２介质中二苯胺磺酸钠被定量亚硝化，然后用极谱法测定其亚硝化产物。这两种方法分别是以标准ＮａＮＯ２作基准的极谱测定法和以纯二苯胺磺酸钠为基准的单扫描示波极谱法。应用这两种方法于化学试剂二苯胺磺酸钠含量的测定，结果令人满意。     

催化极谱法测定痕量铑(Ⅲ)

铑(Ⅲ)与新试剂2-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺(5-I-PADMA)在1mol.L-1乙酸盐缓冲溶液(pH 4.8)中生成稳定的配合物,该配合物在3mol.L-1高氯酸底液中于-1.01V(vs.SCE)处产生一灵敏的极谱催化波,据此提出了催化极谱法测定痕量铑(Ⅲ)的方法。铑(Ⅲ)的质量浓度在40.0～400ng.L-1范围内与一阶导数峰电流呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为14.2ng.L-1。试验结果表明:该极谱波为催化氢波,其电极过程为不可逆过程,电子转移数为1。方法用于铑炭催化剂和标准物质GBW 07198中痕量铑的测定,回收率分别为100%,101%;测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)分别为0.70%,1.8%。     

极谱催化波法测定地塞米松

基于地塞米松在过硫酸钾存在下产生的极谱催化波 ,拟定了测定地塞米松的新方法。与基于还原波的差分脉冲极谱法相比 ,本方法用线性变位极谱法获得的分析灵敏度提高了两个数量级。在 2 .0× 10 - 3mol LH2 SO4 ～ 2 .0× 10 - 2 mol LK2 S2 O8底液中 ,地塞米松于 - 1 0 8V (vs .SCE)处产生一极谱催化波 ,其二阶导数峰电流与地塞米松浓度在 3.2× 10 - 8～ 3.2× 10 - 7mol L范围内呈线性关系 (r =0 .9994 ,n =6 ) ,检出限为 1.0×10 - 8mol L。讨论了极谱催化波产生的机理。     

催化极谱法快速测定二氯氧锆中的微痕量砷

在H2SO4-Te?-I--Triton X-100体系中,利用极谱催化波,不经任何预分离手续,快速直接测定二氯氧锆(ZrOCl2)中的微痕量砷。所拟方法简便易行、灵敏准确,与蒸馏分离-ICP-AES法测定砷的结果以及人工合成样的理论值比对吻合;砷的标准工作曲线线性关系良好。砷在0.0~0.2μg/mL范围内与催化极谱波电流值呈线性关系,其相关系数为0.999 8;样品加标回收率99%;分析结果的相对标准偏差RSD6%(n=5),已应用于ZrOCl2中的微痕量砷的比对试验,效果良好。     

锗-连苯三酚-过氧化氢体系的催化极谱性质的研究

过氧化氢能被一系列物质在电极上的还原产物所催化分解。我们发现锗(Ⅳ)与邻苯二酚或连苯三酚的络合物对过氧化氢也有催化分解作用。当溶液中有过氧化氢存在时,能使上述络合物的极谱波增高(图1),并在一定浓度范围内,随过氧化氢浓度的增大而线性地增高。可应用此催化波于测定样品中的锗、微量氧或过氧化氢。本文研究锗-连苯三酚-过氧化氢体系的催化极谱性质。在883型极谱仪上应用此催化波测定锗的灵敏度为0.2微克/毫升。     

镍(II)-丁二酮肟体系极谱催化波的机理研究

研究了镍(II)-丁二酮肟(DMG)体系极谱催化波的行为, 这一体系的极谱催化波可用于生物及岩矿中测定痕量镍和同时测定痕量镍、钴, 并对照研究了Co(II)-DMG体系和Ni(II)-DMG体系的机理.     

我国极谱催化波和络合吸附波的应用评述

本文全面评述了我国在极谱催化波和络合吸附波方面的研究和应用。列表概述了用极谱催化波和络合吸附波测定各种元素的分析方法。对用催化极谱可测定的元素、检出限和分析动态范围、精密度和准确度、效率、成本、连续测定技术、应用和今后发展倾向等8个方面进行了评述。参考文献442篇。     

自然水、维生素B_(12)和人眼泪中痕量钴的测定

极谱催化波测定钴,以前大多采用丁二肟和其他含氮有机试剂为配位体进行测定。但这类体系需在碱性溶液中进行,而且催化波出现在较负的电位,影响了实际应用。我们发现在3,5-二溴-PADAP-NaNO_2的弱酸性介质中,钴产生一个灵敏的极谱波,继后又发现用5-Cl-PADAB代替3,5-二溴-PADAP可进一步提高灵敏度,而且络合物的峰电位与试剂的峰电     

硫氰酸钾—乙酸体系示波极谱法测定罐头食品中微量铜

食品卫生检验工作中微量铜的测定方法有二乙氨基二硫代甲酸钠比色法,原子吸收分光光度法,示波极谱法也有报道。根据极谱催化波的研究理论,CNS-离子可造就极谱催化波,提高测试的灵敏度。笔者在前人研究工作的基础上,结合自己的条件,进行了0.06mol·L~(-1)硫氰酸钾-0.15mol·~(-1)乙酸体系示波极谱法测定食品中微量铜,应用于罐头食品中微量铜的测定,只加一次试剂既可完成测定工作,方法具有简便、快速、准确、灵敏、样品用量少、成本低、稳定性好的优点,适合于大批、单个食品,水中微量铜的测定。     

EFFECT OF DIPICOLINIC ACID ON THE ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION RESISTANCE OF BACILLUS CEREUS SPORES

Abstract— The ultraviolet radiation (UV) resistance of B. cereus spores was shown to depend on their content of dipicolinic acid (DPA). Wild-type spores with decreasing amounts of DPA exhibited increased UV resistance. Similarly, spores devoid of DPA (DPA-minus), produced by a mutant strain of B. cereus unable to synthesize DPA, were more resistant to UV than mutant spores (DPA-plus) produced in the presence of exogenously supplied DPA. Resistance of both the wild type and mutant strains to ionizing radiation, however, was unaffected by DPA content. Comparison of the resistance of DPA-minus and DPA-plus mutant spores to UV of various wavelengths showed that the greater sensitivity of the latter DPA-plus spores appeared at wavelengths corresponding to the region of the first molecular absorption band of the calcium chelate of DPA. In the wild type and mutant, thymine photoproducts were produced at a greater rate and to a greater extent in spores with high levels of DPA than in spores with low DPA.
The data indicate that DPA transfers energy to DN A in vivo , which leads to the conclusion that DPA occurs in the spore protoplast.     

微量铽的萤光光度测定——铽与吡啶-2,6-二羧酸螯合物的萤光

铽与吡啶-2,6-二羧酸(以下简称DPA)形成螯合物的萤光有人从生物化学角度作过一些研究^[1],但对测定稀土氧化物中微量铽的研究未见报导。本文系统地研究了Tb³⁺-DPA螯合物萤光产生的条件,拟订了测定稀土氧化物中微量铽的萤光光度法,探讨了螯合物萤光强度与其组成的关系。     

SYNTHESIS OF POLYISOBUTYLENE WITH SEC-ARYLAMINO TERMINAL GROUP BY COMBINATION OF CATIONIC POLYMERIZATION WITH ALKYLATION

The highly reactive polyisobutylenes(PIBs) withα-double bonds(87.5 mol%) or tert-chloro(tert-Cl) groups(95 mol%) could be prepared via the cationic polymerization of isobutylene(IB) coinitiated by BF_3 or TiCl_4 respectively.The Friedel-Crafts alkylation of diphenylamine(DPA) with the highly reactive PIB withα-double bonds was further conducted under different conditions,such as at different alkylation temperature,in the mixed solvents of CH_2Cl_2/n-hexane with different solvent polarity and at DPA conce...     

二氯二茂钛引发二苯乙炔聚合的研究

在高温下 ,二氯二茂钛受光照引发二苯乙炔聚合 ,得到结晶度为 95 %的聚二苯乙炔 .经红外、质谱、热分析、X光衍射、元素分析等方法 ,确定其结构为顺顺式螺旋刚性棒状结构 ,形成假六方晶系堆积 ,螺旋柱直径即螺旋轴间距为 1 46nm ,其特征红外吸收峰位于 1179cm-1和 115 6cm-1.在聚合引发阶段中止反应 ,分离出聚合中间体六苯基苯 .根据不同温度时聚合转化率与时间的关系曲线 ,测得聚合活化能为 2 6× 10 5J/mol.热分析表明 ,结晶聚二苯乙炔在 493K至 5 73K比较稳定 ;在 713K的吸热峰显示出破坏晶格的能量 .根据聚合反应诱导期长、中间体和聚合物的结构以及阻聚反应 ,推断聚合过程中二氯二茂钛受光照产生二氯化钛 ,催化二苯乙炔进行均相定向聚合 .结晶聚二苯乙炔电导率小于 10 -12 (Ωcm) -1.     

THE PHOTOLYSIS OF CYSTINE IN ACIDIC AQUEOUS SOLUTION

Abstract— Quantum yields of cysteine, ammonia, 1-amino,1'-oxo,2,2'-dithiodipropionicacid (AODT–DPA), alanine, alanine 3-sulphinic acid, cysteic acid, and serine have been determined in aqueous oxygenated and deaerated cystine solutions irradiated with 254 nm radiation. From the effect of methanol, ethanol and propanol-2 on the quantum yields of cysteine, ammonia, AODT-DPA and alanine, it is concluded that (a) the S–S bond is broken with high quantum efficiency, (b) C–S and C–N bonds do not undergo primary photolytic fission, and (c) all the AODT–DPA, but only about 12 per cent of the ammonia, is free-radical in origin. The production of pyruvic acid at the expense of AODT–DPA in irradiated cystine solutions containing alanine provides further evidence that AODT–DPA has free-radical precursors. Reaction schemes are proposed for the radical-induced production of keto acid and ammonia in oxygenated and deaerated solutions.     

四溴化碳-二苯胺成像体系光化学反应的研究

研究了CBr₄-二苯胺(DPA)自由基光敏体系的光化学过程。在250-400nm区,CBr₄的光分解速度随波长的增加而下降。分别用CBr₄、DPA及CBr₄-DPA电荷转移复合物吸收光谱最大值对应的光254、284及333nm辐照CBr₄-DPA体系,发现333nm光辐照有最大的反应速度,证明此体系光激发阶段,CBr₄-DPA生成的基态电荷转移复合物是主要的光敏物质。     

Circular dichroism sensor based on cadmium sulfide quantum dots for chiral identification and detection of penicillamine

A new chemical sensor based on the measuring of circular dichroism signal (CD) was fabricated from cysteamine capped cadmium sulfide quantum dots (Cys-CdS QDs). The chiral-thiol molecules, d-penicillamine (DPA) and l-penicillamine (LPA), were used to evaluate potentials of this sensor. Basically, DPA and LPA provide very low CD signals. However, the CD signals of DPA and LPA can be enhanced in the presence of Cys-CdS QDs. The CD spectra of DPA and LPA exhibited a mirror image profile. Parameters affecting the determination of DPA and LPA were thoroughly investigated in details. Under the optimized condition, the CD signals of DPA and LPA displayed a linear relationship with the concentrations of both enantiomers, ranging from 1 to 35 μM. Detection limits of this sensor were 0.49 and 0.74 μM for DPA and LPA, respectively. To demonstrate a potential application of this sensor, the proposed sensor was used to determine DPA and LPA in real urine samples. It was confirmed that the proposed detection technique was reliable and could be utilized in a broad range of applications.     

Quantum chemical studies on solvent effects,ligand–water complexes and dimer structure of 2,2ʹ-dipyridylamine

In this work, optimised structures, structural and spectroscopic properties of 2,2?-dipyridylamine (DPA) in solvent media have been investigated. Conformational structures of DPA were determined and relative population distributions of the conformations were obtained. Vibrational modes were calculated for each environment and they were compared with the experimental values. The effects of the changing solvent environments on the molecular structures were investigated and hydrogen bonded complex structures that DPA could form with water molecules were studied. As a result of this study, the effects of solvent environments on the molecular structure of DPA have been determined. Chemical reactivities of DPA which have not been studied previously have been determined. When the solid phase infrared spectrum of pure DPA was examined, it was seen that N-H stretching mode was observed at 3250 cm^?1. Since it will mean that there is bonded N-H in the structure, the dimer structure of DPA has been investigated.     

In situ UV-visible spectroelectrochemical studies on the copolymerization of diphenylamine with ortho-methoxy aniline

UV-visible spectroelectrochemical studies on copolymerization of diphenylamine (DPA) with ortho-methoxy aniline (OMA) were carried out for different feed ratios of DPA and OMA using indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass as working electrode. The UV-visible spectra show clear dependencies on the molar feed composition of DPA or OMA used in electropolymerization. Derivative cyclic voltabsorptogram (DCVA) was deduced at the wavelengths corresponding to the absorption by the intermediate species and used to confirm the intermediates generated during the electropolymerization. The composition of DPA and OMA in the copolymer for the copolymers synthesized with different molar feed ratios of DPA and OMA was determined by UV-visible spectroscopy. Reactivity ratios of DPA and OMA were deduced by using Fineman-Ross and Kelen-Tudos methods and correlated with spectroelectrochemical results.     

SAPO-11分子筛的合成

以二正丙胺(DPA)为模板剂、利用水热法合成SAPO-11分子筛，系统考察了硅源、硅含量、模板剂用量以及晶化条件（晶化温度、时间以及pH值）对SAPO-11分子筛合成的作用。研究结果表明：硅源是决定SAPO-11分子筛合成及结构的关键组分之一，其释放出活性硅物种的速率要与磷酸铝分子筛的前驱体生成的速度相一致；酸性硅溶胶是合成SAPO-11的合适硅源；在SiO2/Al2O3=0～0.7，DPA/P2O5=0.8～1.8，pH=5.8～7.8条件下，可合成纯SAPO-11分子筛。此外，SAPO-11分子筛的合成，还存在明显的诱导期以及晶型的转化过程。在合成条件下，晶化时间4?h时，SAPO-11开始晶化，至24 h，SAPO-11分子筛可晶化完全。继续延长晶化时间，SAPO-11分子筛与SAPO-31分子筛之间发生转晶现象。