偶偶校高自族态的微观研究(Ⅱ)对同中子异荷素154Dy、156Er和158Yb的应用

从包括对力、四极对力及四极力的核子-核子有效相互作用出发,依据以广义的Dyson展开方法所建立的微观理论方案,对同中子异荷素¹⁵⁴Dy、¹⁵⁶Er和¹⁵⁸Yb的低能态及高自旋态进行了研究.实际计算时,低能态及高自旋态分别用(sd)N组态及(sd)N-1加两中子组态描述,且取用了统一的参数值.计算结果与实验符合较好,特别是理论较好地复现了原子核的第一个回弯.     

134Ce核的高自旋态与形状共存

在中国原子能科学研究院H13串列加速器上,通过重离子核反应¹²²Sn(¹⁶O,4n)对A=130缺中子核区的¹³⁴Ce核的高自旋态进行了研究,建立了¹³⁴Ce的新的能级纲图,最高自旋态扩展到22.然而实验结果与近期发表的134Ce核的高自旋态结果不同,所谓在¹³⁴Ce核中存在的磁转动带结构不能被实验证实.对实验结果的分析表明,¹³⁴Ce核的高自旋态结构呈现出重要的形状共存特性在基带以上的回弯处的10+态起源于两个中子组态,基于此10+态的转动带具有γ≈–60°的扁椭形变;另一个10+同质异能态为yrast陷阱,也起源于两中子组态,为具有γ≈–120°的长椭形状;而由两个signature伙伴带组成的强耦合带,则起源于h_11/2与g_7/2质子组态,为具有γ≈0°的长椭形变带.     

A=40核区超形变转动带终止

用组态相关推转Nilsson-Strutinsky模型研究了³⁸K, ³⁶Ar, ^32,34S和³⁵Cl的超形变转动带结构性质. 对一些特殊的近转晕线组态的性质做了较为详细的探讨并预言了其带终止态的自旋值, 尤其是预言了³⁸K有利于实验测量到超形变带终止态的自旋值为19h, 而其四极形变值达ε₂～0.50. ³⁶Ar的理论计算与实验结果较好的一致表明这些预言结果是较可靠的.     

126Cs的高自旋态能级结构

利用融合蒸发反应¹¹⁶Cd(¹⁴N,4n)¹²⁶Cs布居了¹²⁶Cs的高自旋态.观测到了100多条新的γ跃迁和相应的能级,建立了双奇核¹²⁶Cs由9个转动带构成的能级纲图.尝试性地指定了大部分能级的自旋和宇称以及各转动带的Nilsson单粒子组态.极大地丰富了已有的实验结果.     

奇—奇核114Pm高自旋同质异能态及其衰变纲图的研究

用高自旋同质异能态次级束流线实验装置,对¹⁴⁴Pm的高自旋同质异能态进行了快速分离,并做了γ射线的符合测量.结合γ射线激发函数和各向异性的测量结果,首次建立了奇—奇核¹⁴⁴Pm的高自旋同质异能态的衰变纲图,其中19条高自旋能级和29条γ射线是由本工作指定的.离子γ射线关联测量确定了¹⁴⁴Pm的高自旋同质异能态的半衰期大于2μs.通过系统性比较以及变形的独立粒子模型理论计算,指定了高自旋同质异能态的粒子组态可能为π(1h²_11/2d_5/2)v(1i_13/21h_9/22f_7/2),自旋宇称为J^π=27⁺,并具有形变参数为β=－0.18的扁椭球形状.     

139Ce的多准粒子激发态

利用能量为50MeV的¹²C束流, 通过反应¹³⁰Te(¹²C,3n)布居了¹³⁹Ce的高自旋态. 基于标准在束核谱学实验测量结果, 扩展并更新了¹³⁹Ce的能级纲图. ¹³⁹Ce的能级结构具有球形原子核的典型特征, 其高自旋态由单粒子激发形成. 利用经验壳模型计算了¹³⁹Ce的多准粒子激发态能量, 研究了其高自旋激发态的多准粒子特性.     

152Gd核高自旋态的研究

利用¹⁴⁸Nd(⁹Be, 5n)¹⁵²Gd重离子熔合蒸发反应, 对¹⁵²Gd(Z=64, N=88)核的高自旋态进行了研究. 在¹⁵²Gd核中发现了10多个新的高自旋能级和一个新的S带结构. 实验中首次观察到¹⁵²Gd核完整的第一个带交叉, 与推转壳模型计算结果和邻近核实验结果的比较显示带交叉是由一对i_13/2中子的顺排造成的. 通过对¹⁵²Gd核运动学转动惯量的分析, 得到¹⁵²Gd核的形状随着自旋变化的实验证据.     

手征夸克模型下udss四夸克态的研究

在手征SU(3)夸克模型和扩展的手征SU(3)夸克模型的框架下, 用变分的方法系统地研究了同位旋为0、1, 自旋宇称为0⁺、1⁺和2⁺的udss四夸克系统6个低组态的能量. 模型的参数取自以前的工作, 它能很好地描述核子-核子散射相移以及核子-超子散射截面. S道相互作用的参数由拟合K介子和K^*介子的质量定出, 并且考虑了具有相同量子数的态之间的态混合效应. 结果表明, 同位旋为0且自旋宇称为1⁺的udss能量低于相应的K^*K^*,的阈能, 且该组态中KK^*的成分相当小, 因此该组态的宽度可能较小, 可视为一个可能的四夸克态的候选者.     

153Dy高自旋态的能级结构及缺中子Dy核的形状随中子数与自旋态的变化

通过在束γ谱的实验研究,建立了¹⁵³Dy的非常高的自旋态的能级图,最高自旋态为81/2.所用核反应为¹²²Sn(³⁶s,5n),束流能量165MeV.在同质异能态(I=47/2)以上,能级结构展示出极端复杂的单粒子跃迁特性.对缺中子Dy核的形状随中子数N及自旋态I变化的系统性进行了讨论     

丰中子核区奇A核八极形变及A=130区一些缺中子核高自旋态研究

对近几年来清华大学物理系核物理研究组原子核高自旋态实验研究的一些新进展进行了介绍.内容包括两个部分:第一部分介绍通过国际合作,利用测量裂变瞬发γ谱方法对A=140丰中子核区的奇A核^143,145Ba,^145,147La等的极形变研究的进展.第二部分简述对A=130缺中子核区的^134,137,138Ce及¹²²Ba等核高自旋态研究,包括形状驱动、八极关联、集体回弯等效应.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.