扫描薄层色谱法测定胆结石的结合胆汁酸

在扫描薄层色谱法测定胆结石中游离胆汁酸含量工作的基础上,进一步建立了结合胆汁酸的扫描薄层色谱测定法,并对人胆结石中含量进行了测定。实验部分 1.样品和试剂: 胆结石样品:外科手术取出的胆结石44份,用自来水清洗后空气中干燥。红外光谱(溴化钾压片)测定结果表明其中有胆红素钙结石16份,胆红素钙胆固醇结石4份,胆固醇结石20份,碳酸钙结石4份。标准液:将牛磺胆酸TCA、牛磺脱氧胆酸TDCA、牛磺鹅脱氧胆酸TCDCA、甘氨胆     

胆汁酸的薄层层析——数理统计法用于层析溶剂系统的选择

本文选择氯仿、乙醇、乙酸乙酯、醋酸和水等五种溶剂作为胆汁酸薄层层析的展开剂,采用正交设计法[L_(16)(4~5)]安排实验,对胆固醇、胆酸、脱氧胆酸、甘氨胆酸、甘氨脱氧胆酸、牛磺胆酸、牛磺脱氧胆酸和卵磷脂等八种化合物的R_f值及层析谱斑点的集中情况,用直观分析和方差分析法处理,得到了单向一次薄层层析全部分离胆汁的溶剂系统,较文献报道方法为佳。     

甘氨熊(鹅)去氧胆酸的制备工艺

以2-氯-1,3-二（2,4,6-三甲基苯基）咪唑盐酸盐（IMesCl-Cl）作缩合剂,熊(鹅)去氧胆酸为原料,直接与甘氨酸乙酯盐酸盐反应,采用一锅法制得关键中间体甘氨熊（鹅）去氧胆酸乙酯2a和2b; 2a和2b在碱性条件下水解合成了甘氨熊（鹅）去氧胆酸3a和3b,总收率超过83%,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS(ESI)确证。      

反相液相色谱法用于结合型胆汁酸选择性变化规律的研究

］在反相液相色谱保留值基本方程logk'=＋玞cCb的基础上,本文从理论和实验上证明了甘氨型和牛磺型结合胆汁酸的参数c之间分别存在很好的线性关系,且相互平行。这种平行的c线性关系表明：在给定的冲洗剂浓度下,甘氨和牛磺型给合型胆汁酸的选择性因子为不随保留值变化的常数,甘氨型和牛磺型胆汁酸的参数c或之间的差值c或为常数,每对甘氨型和牛磺型胆汁酸的logk'与Cb的线性关系都相交在同一点上。     

基于超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱质谱的结直肠腺瘤患者血清代谢组学研究

采用超高效液相色谱－四极杆－静电场轨道阱质谱结合主成分分析、正交偏最小二乘判别分析对46例结直肠腺瘤患者（年龄57.8 ± 10.7岁）和45例健康人（年龄54.4 ± 8.2岁）的血清样本进行分析,通过变量权重投影分析和火山图筛选结直肠腺瘤患者血清中的代谢标志物,利用受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）验证代谢标志物的诊断能力。结果表明,两组血清的代谢轮廓有显著差异,筛选并鉴定了20个生物标志物,涉及缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸合成,花生四烯酸代谢、α-亚麻酸代谢、亚油酸代谢、氨酰-tRNA合成、鞘脂代谢、甘油磷脂代谢、色氨酸代谢,其生物标志物16-羟基棕榈酸、花生四烯酸、肌酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、色氨酸、α-亚麻酸、牛磺鹅脱氧胆酸、LysoPC（20∶3）的ROC曲线面积（AUC）均大于0.90,特异性与灵敏度较高,对于结直肠腺瘤筛查具有较高的诊断价值和临床应用潜力。研究结果可为基于代谢组学的结直肠腺瘤筛查提供参考资料。     

液相色谱-质谱联用系统在肝硬化不同阶段代谢轮廓研究中的应用

采用高效液相色谱-轨道离子阱质谱联用(HPLC-LTQ Orbitrap XL MS)代谢组学研究平台分析不同阶段肝硬化病人和健康人群的血清标本,获取代谢轮廓。采用模式识别方法结合非参数检验对数据进行分析。研究发现,由肝硬化A级组、B级组、C级组和健康对照组的代谢轮廓构建的正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)模型(R2（Y）=90.1%, Q2=66.7%),对检测组数据的预测准确率达到93.8%,具有很好的判别能力。从代谢轮廓中可以鉴别出用于区分不同疾病阶段的特异性代谢标志物,如溶血磷脂酰胆碱、甘氨鹅去氧胆酸、半胱氨酸、甘氨酸、氨基己二酸、哌可酸等。研究结果表明: 利用代谢组学方法获得的血清代谢轮廓可以用来构建区分模型和寻找代谢标志物,为乙肝肝硬化的诊断和监测提供支持和依据。     

亲水作用色谱/质谱联用方法用于膀胱癌患者血清代谢组学研究

膀胱癌是泌尿系统最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,具有高发病率、高复发率和高进展率的特点.本研究应用69个极性代谢物标样选择合适的分离系统,建立了两性离子亲水作用色谱/质谱联用的代谢组学分析方法.本方法线性范围较宽,检出限低于ng/mL数量级.将本方法用于血清代谢组学分析,85%以上代谢物峰面积的RSD<30%.对64例膀胱癌患者和32例正常人的血清进行代谢组学研究,发现溶血磷脂酰胆碱、游离脂肪酸、氨基酸、胆汁酸、有机酸、核苷等在患病组和正常组中存在显著差异.经筛选和验证,甘磷酸胆碱、胱氨酸、十二碳烯酸、二十碳烯酸和鹅去氧胆酸5种代谢物可以作为区分膀胱癌和正常人的潜在标志物.本研究结果表明,基于亲水作用色谱/质谱联用的代谢组学方法是发现癌症诊断潜在生物标志物的有效手段.     

反相液相色谱结合型胆汁酸的选择性变化规律

本文报道了反相液相色谱(RP-HPLC)和离子对反相液相色谱甘氨型(G)和牛磺型(T)结合胆汁酸的选择性变化规律,首次发现在给定冲洗剂浓度下,G、T对结合型胆汁酸的选择性因子或结合型选择性为常数。本文同时还在反相液相色谱保留值基本方程的基础上讨论了G、T对选择性变化规律的理论依据。     

胆酸盐簇集体刚性化微环境的灵敏指示-室温光探针法

胆酸盐是一类生物表面活性剂, 一般含有羟基取代的类固醇骨架, 并有一带负电的尾链, 较为常见的胆酸盐有胆酸钠、 脱氧胆酸钠、 牛磺胆酸钠及牛磺脱氧胆酸钠等. 其分子结构见表1及图1所示.     

喹啉修饰β-环糊精键合胆酸客体的热力学研究

采用微量热滴定、核磁共振和分子模拟等方法研究了三唑基喹啉修饰β-环糊精(1)和羟基喹啉基修饰β-环糊精(2)同胆酸(CA)、脱氧胆酸(DCA)、甘胆酸(GCA)和牛磺胆酸(TCA)的键合行为.二维核磁和分子模拟研究表明胆酸客体分子的尾链和D环部分从大口端进入了环糊精空腔.微量热滴定研究表明两种喹啉基修饰环糊精键合胆酸客体的过程由焓驱动,并且伴随着明显的熵损失,说明主-客体间键合的驱动力主要来自于氢键和范德华相互作用.与天然环糊精相比,喹啉基修饰环糊精对胆酸客体的键合有着更为有利的焓变和更为不利的熵变.     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Effect of the Method of Modification of Zeolite X on Selectivity of Catalytic Methylation of Toluene

Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry - The effect of the method of modification of catalysts based on zeolite X by cesium and magnesium cations (ion exchange and impregnation) on the selectivity...     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Synthesis of tetrabenzoporphins of the basis of isoindoline

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds -