电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定离子型稀土矿中16种离子吸附型稀土元素的含量

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定离子型稀土矿中钪、钇、镧、铈、镨、钕、钐、铕、钆、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱和镥等16种离子吸附型稀土元素的含量。采用40g·L-1硫酸铵溶液对离子型稀土矿样品进行了间歇式搅拌浸出,对浸出液进行两次高温蒸干处理去除盐分。钪、钇、镧、铈以103 Rh为内标,其他元素以187 Re为内标。16种稀土元素在一定的质量分数范围内与其光谱强度呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3σ)在0.01~0.08μg·g-1之间。方法应用于离子型稀土矿样品的分析,测定值与国家标准方法测定结果相符,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=11)在0.80%~2.9%之间。     

离子交换色层分组分离化学光谱法测定矿石中稀土元素

用色散率不大的光谱仪测定矿石中稀土元素时,大量铈族稀土元素的存在,由于它们的强烈光谱对钇族稀土元素的测定带来谱线干扰和背景影响,有必要进行分组分离。有人研究了稀土元素在强碱性阴离子交换树脂上与硝酸-脂肪醇之间的离子交换行为,用适当浓度的上述混合溶液可以使钇、镥、镱、铥、铒、钬、镝、铽、钆、铕、钐与钕、镨、铈、镧相互分离。     

希土固体发光

希土,通常是指周期表中从镧到镥并包括钪和钇在内的十七个元素。其中镧、铈、镨、钕、钷、钐、铕、钆、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱和镥十五个元素,又称为“镧系元素”。希土元素具有许多独特的化学性质和物理性质,被广泛地用于各个方面。在发光领域中     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定页岩中稀土元素含量

建立了湿法消解和微波消解两种前处理方法处理页岩样品,以铑、铼为内标,采用KED-ICPMS测定页岩样品中15种稀土元素(镧、铈、镨、钕、钐、铕、钆、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱、镥和铱)。结果表明,各元素在0～100ng/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数在0.998以上,方法检出限在0.003～0.034mg/kg,相对标准偏差为1.3%～8.2%(n=6)。由于页岩样品中有机质含量高,湿法消解时应适当提高高氯酸和硫酸的比例。对比湿法消解和微波消解两种前处理方法,微波消解消耗试剂较少,具有更优的检出限、精密度和准确度。     

ICP-AES法测定高纯氧化铕中稀土杂质元素

研究了锌粉还原 5709萃淋树脂分离富集 ICP AES法测定高纯氧化铕中14个稀土杂质元素的方法,用ICP AES法测定稀土元素工作曲线下限为(以氧化物计)镧为0.05mg·L-1,铈、镨、钇为0.25mg·L-1,钕、钐、铽、镝、钬为0.1mg·L-1,铒、铥、镱、镥、钇为0.05mg·L-1,回收率为90%～106%。方法简便、准确、快速,可用于99.99%氧化铕中14个稀土杂质元素的测定。     

稀土富勒烯提取液的激光解吸飞行时间质谱研究

采用激光解吸飞行时间质谱对含镧(La)、铈(Ce)、镨(Pr)、钕(Nd)、钐(Sm)、铕(Eu)、钆(Gd).铽(Tb)、镝(Dy)、钬(Ho)、铒(Er)、铥(Tm)、镱(Yb)等13种稀土富勒烯的提取液进行了研究.考察了正负谱、激光强度、底物以及质量歧视对分析结果的影响,并由此确定了最佳分析条件.结果表明,提取液中除了空心富勒烯外,还存在较多量的稀土富勒烯.通过对它们谱峰相对强度之间的比较,探讨了不同稀土元素嵌入富勒烯球笼的结构稳定性及溶解性能的差别以及产生这种差别的可能原因.     

ICP–AES法测定钨铈合金中的铈、镧、镨、钕、钬、镱

采用ICP–AES法检测钨铈合金中铈、镧、镨、钕、钬、镱的含量。选用8 m L硝酸(1+1)与10 m L浓过氧化氢作为溶剂溶解样品,铈、镧、镨、钕、钬、镱的分析谱线分别为418.659,408.671,396.481,378.425,345.600,328.937nm。各元素工作曲线线性良好,线性相关系数均大于0.999 90。方法检出限为0.006~0.015μg/m L,加标回收率为90.5%~106.5%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.51%~6.11%(n=6)。该方法溶样速度快,精密度、准确度较高,可用于于钨铈合金中铈、镧、镨、钕、钬、镱的测定。     

高纯氧化钪中痕量稀土元素的电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱分析和稀土元素间的光谱干扰及其校正

本文提出了用 ICP-AES 直接同时测定高纯氧化钪中15个痕量稀士元素的新方法。用PGS-2光栅光谱仪,Plasma Therm ICP-5000D 光源系统,乙醇预去溶进样方式,直接同时测定纯度为99.995%的高纯氧化钪中15个痕量稀土杂质元素,并讨论了稀土元素间的干扰及某些元素的光谱干扰的校正。当样品溶液中稀土总浓度为5mg/ml:时,测定下限为镧、钆、钬和铥0.0002%,镨、钕、铽和镥0.0004%,铕、镝、铒和钇0.0001%、镱0.00004%,铈和钐0.001%。其相对标准偏差为1.7～8.2%。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定三七粉中痕量稀土

建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定三七粉中15种痕量稀土元素的方法。样品以硝酸–过氧化氢–氢氟酸混酸体系进行微波消解,以铑、铼为内标物,在优化后的仪器条件下进行测定。镧、铈、镨、钕、钐、铕、钆、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱、镥、钇的质量浓度在0.5~50μg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数r^2>0.999 9,检出限分别为3.11,2.32,1.70,2.51,1.84,1.22,1.99,1.46,2.62,2.56,1.27,2.18,1.16,1.66,1.28μg/kg。测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.88%~18.7%(n=6),回收率为86.0%~104.0%。该方法样品处理简单快速,检出限低,准确度和精密度高,适合于三七粉中15种痕量稀土元素的测定。     

混合稀土氧化物的X射线荧光光谱分析

X射线荧光光谱法测定稀土冶金中间产品中常量稀土元素,国内外已有不少报导。本工作系统地考察了钕、钐、铕、钆、铽、镝、钬、铒、镱、和钇等元素间的相互干扰;试样的制备及基体效应的校正,用P_(851)小型计算机所带的通用软件,对谱线间的干扰进行校正。拟定了混合稀土氧化物中上述10种稀土元素氧化物的X射线荧光光谱测定方法。四个样品以本法分析需要2小时左右。除低含量钬(<3%)以外,方法的精密度及准确度良好。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.