NEIGHBORHOOD UNION OF INDEPENDENT SETS AND HAMILTONICITY OF CLAW-FREE GRAPHS

Let G be a graph,for any u∈V(G),let N(u) denote the neighborhood of u and d(u)=|N(u)| be the degree of u. For any U V(G) ,let N(U)=Uu,∈UN(u), and d(U)=|N(U)|.A graph G is called claw-free if it has no induced subgraph isomorphic to K1.3. One of the fundamental results concerning cycles in claw-free graphs is due to Tian Feng,et al. : Let G be a 2-connected claw-free graph of order n,and d(u) d(v) d(w)≥n-2 for every independent vertex set {u,v,w} of G, then G is Hamiltonian. It is proved that, for any three positive integers s ,t and w,such that if G is a (s t w-1)connected claw-free graph of order n,and d(S) d(T) d(W)＞n-(s t w) for every three disjoint independent vertex sets S,T,W with |S |=s, |T|=t, |W|=w,and S∪T∪W is also independent ,then G is Hamiltonian. Other related results are obtained too.     

哈密尔顿性和部分平方图的独立集

设G是一个图,G的部分平方图G*满足V(G*)=V(G),E(G*)=E(G)∪{uv:uv■E(G),且J(u,v)≠■},这里J(u,v)={w∈N(u)∩N(v):N(w)■N[u]∪N[v]}.利用插点方法,证明了如下结果:设G是k-连通图(k2),b是整数,0min {k,(2b-1+k)/2}(n(Y)-1),则G是哈密尔顿图.同时给出图是1-哈密尔顿的和哈密尔顿连通的相关结果.     

可圈的一个充分条件

本文我们证明如下结果:设G=(V,E)是一个n(n≥3)阶k-连通(k≥2)图,记X1,X2,…,Xk为V的子集,X=X1∪X2∪…∪Xk.若对每个I,I=1,2,…,k,满足:对任意的u,v∈Xi,有d(u) d(v)≥n或|N(u)∪N(v)|≥n-δ或|N(u)∩N(v)|≥α,这里δ是G的最小度,α是G的独立数,则G是X-可圈的.     

连通图中过指定顶点集的圈的存在性

图论中的一个重要问题是Hamilton圈的存在性问题.由于一般的Hamilton图的充要条件难于获得,故一些作者便退一步在某些给定类型的图中寻求长度尽可能大的圈.例如,Dirac即证明了2-连通图中存在着经过某一指定顶点集N(u)UN(v)U{u,v}的圈,从而得到了如下的定理(可参看[3]的介绍): 定理A.设G是个n阶的2-连通图,P是G中的一条最长路,u及v是P的两端点,d(u)+d(v)=f.若4≤f相似文献   

一个定理的简单证明

本文对文献[1]的部分结论给出了一个很简单的证明。本文讨论的图是无向简单图。用d_G(v)或者d(v)表示图G中顶点v的次或度。用G[U]表示点集U的导出子图。其余符号见[2]。设G是一个图,|V(G)|=p,若k是给定的非负整数,若对图G中每一对不相邻的顶点u和v,都有d(u) d(v)≥p k,则称图G为Ore-k型图。     

哈密尔顿连通的有向线图（英文）

设D是一个有向伪图,如果对于任意两个点u和v,D有一条生成(u,v)-路或一条生成(v,u)-路,则D是弱哈密尔顿连通的;若既存在一条生成(u,v)-路又存在一条生成(v,u)-路,则D是强哈密尔顿连通的.一个有向伪图D的线图L(D)是D的弧集作为其点集,对于任意两个点a,b∈A(D),(a,b)是L(D)的弧当且仅当存在D中的点u,v,w满足a=(u,v)并且b=(v,w).本文刻画了两类有向伪图T及T’,使得L(D)是弱哈密尔顿连通的当且仅当D∈T,并且L(D)是强哈密尔顿连通的当且仅当D∈T’.     

无爪图中不相邻子图P_4和K_1度和条件下的哈密尔顿连通性

研究子图的度和图的哈密尔顿性的关系,证明图G是一个n阶3-连通无爪图且最小度δ(G)≥4,如果图G中任意两个分别同构于P_4,K_1的不相邻子图H_1,H_2满足d(H_1)+d(H_2)≥n,则图G是哈密尔顿连通.     

Ore度和条件下赋权triangle-free图中的重圈(英文)

设G是一个2-连通赋权图,且G中每一对不相邻顶点u和v都满足d~w(u)+d~w(v)≥2d.Bondy等人证明了G或者包含一个哈密尔顿圈,或者包含一个权至少为2d的圈.如果G不是哈密尔顿图,这个结论意味着G中包含一个权至少为2d的圈.但是当G是哈密尔顿图时,我们不能判断G是否包含一个权至少为2d的圈.这篇文章中,在Fujisawa的一篇文章的启发下,我们证明了当G是triangle-free图并且|V(G)|是奇数时,G中一定包含一个权至少为2d的圈,即使G是哈密尔顿图.     

一类二分图的k-匹配数

设G是一个具有二分类(X_1,X_2)的简单偶图,|X_1|=|X_2|=n,如果对于给定的c>0,|M(S)|≥(1+c)|S|对任意满足|S|≤n/2的S(?)X_i(i=1,2)都成立,其中N(S)是S的邻集,则称G是(n,c)-扩张图.给出了(n,c)-扩张图的k-匹配数与完美匹配数之比的顺从界.     

哈密顿线图的一个充分条件

对于图G的任意边e=uv,边的度定义为d(e)=d(u)+d(v),其中d(u)和d(v)分别为顶点u和v的度.本文的主要结果是: 设G是几乎无桥的p≥2阶简单连通图,且G(?)K_(1,p-1),若对任意相距为2的两边e_1和e_2,d(e_1)+d(e_2)≥2p-6,则G有一个D—闭迹,从而G的线图L(G)是哈密顿的.     

Estimation of the number of components of finite mixtures of multivariate distributions

An estimator of the number of components of a finite mixture ofk-dimensional distributions is given on the basis of a one-dimensional independent random sample obtained by a transformation of ak-dimensional independent random sample. A consistency of the estimator is shown. Some simulation results are given in a case of finite mixtures of two-dimensional normal distributions.     

Galois Structure of K-Groups of Rings of Integers

N/Kbe a Galois extension of number fields with finite Galois group G.We describe a new approach for constructing invariants of the G-module structure of the K groups of the ring of integers of N in the Grothendieck group of finitely generated projective Z[G]modules. In various cases we can relate these classes, and their function field counterparts, to the root number class of Fröhlich and Cassou-Noguès.     

Eigenvector p-Bases of Rings of Constants of Derivations

Let A be a UFD of characteristic p > 0, let 𝒵 be a set of some eigenvectors of a derivation of A. We prove, under some additional assumptions, a necessary and sufficient condition for 𝒵 to be a p-basis of the minimal ring of constants containing 𝒵. The main preparatory result is the unique decomposition theorem with respect to a factor from a given subalgebra containing A^p.     

有资格限制的指派问题的求解方法

在实际的指派工作中，常会遇到某个人有没有资格去承担某项工作的问题，因此，本建立了有资格限制的指派问题的数学模型。在此数学模型中，将效益矩阵转化为判定矩阵，由此给出了判定此种指派问题是否有解的方法；在有解的情况下，进一步将效益矩阵转化为求解矩阵，从而将有资格限制的指派问题化为传统的指派问题来求解。最后给出了一个数值例子来说明这样的处理方法是有效的。     

On Sums of Coefficients of Products of Polynomials

We study the nilpotency of the sums of all coefficients of some sorts of products of polynomials over reversible, IFP, and NI rings, and introduce an SCN ring as a generalization. We characterize SCN rings in relation with related ring properties, and also provide several useful properties and ring extensions of SCN rings.     

Convergence of sequences of sets of associated primes

It is a well-known result of M. Brodmann that if is an ideal of a commutative Noetherian ring , then the set of associated primes of the -th power of is constant for all large . This paper is concerned with the following question: given a prime ideal of which is known to be in for all large integers , can one identify a term of the sequence beyond which will subsequently be an ever-present? This paper presents some results about convergence of sequences of sets of associated primes of graded components of finitely generated graded modules over a standard positively graded commutative Noetherian ring; those results are then applied to the above question.

     

Rates of Convergence of Means of Euclidean Functionals

Let L be the Euclidean functional with p-th power-weighted edges. Examples include the sum of the p-th power-weighted lengths of the edges in minimal spanning trees, traveling salesman tours, and minimal matchings. Motivated by the works of Steele, Redmond and Yukich (Ann. Appl. Probab. 4, 1057–1073, 1994, Stoch. Process. Appl. 61, 289–304, 1996) have shown that for n i.i.d. sample points {X ₁,…,X _n } from [0,1] ^d , L({X ₁,…,X _n })/n ^(d−p)/d converges a.s. to a finite constant. Here we bound the rate of convergence of EL({X ₁,…,X _n })/n ^(d−p)/d . Y. Koo supported by the BK21 project of the Department of Mathematics, Sungkyunkwan University. S. Lee supported by the BK21 project of the Department of Mathematics, Yonsei University.     

图表示范畴的两个子范畴

引进图表示范畴的两个子范畴,研究它们的同调性质。     

Asymptotics of families of solutions of nonlinear difference equations

One method to determine the asymptotics of particular solutions of a difference equation is by solving an associated asymptotic functional equation. Here we study the behaviour of the solutions in an asymptotic neighbourhood of such individual solutions. We identify several types of attraction and repulsion, which range from almost orthogonality to almost parallelness. Necessary and sufficient conditions for these types of behaviour are given.