6-叔丁基-3-氯甲基-2,4-二甲基苯酚的合成

以2,4-二甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚、多聚甲醛和三氯氧磷为原料,在四氯化碳溶剂中合成了6-叔丁基-3-氯甲基-2,4-二甲基苯酚并确定较佳的工艺条件,分别考察了物料配比、反应温度、反应时间和相转移催化剂用量对反应收率的影响。确定较佳工艺为:在四氯化碳溶剂中,反应温度为40℃,2,4-二甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚用量为60 g,多聚甲醛12 g,浓盐酸30 g,相转移催化剂4 g,三氯氧磷40 g。在上述条件下,6-叔丁基-3-氯甲基-2,4-二甲基苯酚的收率为95%,纯度>99%(HPLC面积归一化法),产品结构经IR、MS和~1H-NMR表征。     

4-溴-9-芴酮合成工艺研究

4-溴-9-芴酮是一种重要的光电材料中间体要,目前合成方法均存在一些缺陷,难以规模化生产。本文以2,2′-二溴联苯,正丁基锂、碳酸二甲酯为原料,经过锂卤交换反应、亲核取代反应以及分子内环化反应得到目标化合物。通过对反应所需的溶剂、温度、时间和物料比等条件进行筛选,确定最佳反应条件为:以四氢呋喃为溶剂,锂卤交换反应温度为-90～-95℃,亲核取代反应温度为-85～-95℃,物料比为n(2,2′-二溴联苯)∶n(DMC)=1∶1.5,环化试剂为甲磺酸,环化反应温度为120℃。本文采用的合成方法简单,产物收率及纯度高,总收率达68.3%,HPLC纯度达到99.5%以上,适合工业化生产。产物结构经~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR和GC-MS确证。     

叔丁基取代二苯并-18-冠-6的合成

以二甘醇和邻苯二酚为原料制得二苯并-18-冠-6;以多聚磷酸为催化剂和溶剂,将二苯并-18-冠-6与叔丁醇反应实现叔丁基化;利用正庚烷重结晶对叔丁基化反应产物进行纯化,得到4,4′-二叔丁基二苯并-18-冠-6和4,5′-二叔丁基二苯并-18-冠-6两种对称的二叔丁基二取代苯并冠醚产品.利用红外光谱和核磁共振谱表征了二叔丁基二取代苯并冠醚产物的结构。     

4,6-二甲基-2-甲磺酰基嘧啶的绿色合成

以4,6-二甲基-2-巯基嘧啶(DLMP)为起始原料,经过甲基化和氧化反应2步合成4,6-二甲基-2-甲磺酰基嘧啶,总收率86.7%,所用原料绿色环保。甲基化一步中使用碳酸二甲酯(DMC)为甲基化试剂,离子液[Bmim]Cl为溶剂和催化剂,反应最佳配比为:n(DLMP):n(DMC):n([Bmim]Cl)=1:1.5:2,110℃下反应3h,收率93.5%。[Bmim]Cl重复使用4次,收率略微下降。     

由1,1-二溴烯烃一锅法合成1,4-二取代-1,2,3-三氮唑

以1,1-二溴乙烯和芳基叠氮化合物为原料,碘化亚铜为催化剂,室温下通过一锅法合成了1,4-二取代-1,2,3-三氮唑衍生物。考察了催化剂用量、反应溶剂、反应温度对产品收率的影响。通过IR,MS,_¹H NMR及_¹³C NMR等对目标产物结构进行确证,并提出了可能的反应机理。该合成方法具有环境友好、条件温和、操作简单、收率高等特点。     

10,10-二吡啶甲基-9,10-二氢蒽的合成研究

蒽酮1和氯甲基吡啶盐酸盐2在甲苯中回流反应生成10,10-二吡啶甲基-9(10H)蒽酮(3),收率63％～68％;3用硼氢化钠还原生成10,10-二吡啶甲基-9,l0-二氢蒽-9-醇(4),收率87％～90％;蒽醇4在酸催化下发生歧化反应,得到还原产物10,10-二吡啶甲基-9,10-二氢蒽(5)和氧化产物蒽酮3.该歧化反应受催化剂、溶剂和反应温度等影响.当蒽醇4用三氟化硼为催化剂、甲苯为溶剂、回流反应,5的收率达到74％.所合成的新化合物都经1H NMR,13C NMR,MS和元素分析表征确认.     

单苯并15-冠-5的超声作用合成

以邻苯二酚、一缩二乙二醇双氯乙醚为原料,氢氧化钠为模板剂,DMF为溶剂及适量抗氧化剂2,6-二-叔丁基对甲苯酚存在下,在超声辐射作用下60~70 ℃反应合成了B-15-C-5。 反应时间缩短为2 h,产率最高可达30.7%。     

抗氧化剂1790合成反应的研究

以6-叔丁基-3-氯甲基-2,4-二甲基苯酚和氰尿酸三钠盐为原料,在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中合成1,3,5-三(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基苄基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)-三酮(抗氧化剂1790),确定较佳的缩合工艺条件。考察了溶剂种类及用量、物料配比、反应温度及时间对反应收率的影响。实验结果表明:在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中,反应温度为110℃,反应时间为2.5 h,n(6-叔丁基-3-氯甲基-2,4-二甲基苯酚)/n(氰尿酸三钠盐)=3.2∶1,产品收率为89%,纯度99%(HPLC面积归一化法)。产品结构经IR、MS和~1H-NMR表征。     

2-甲基-4,5-二硝基三唑-1-氧化物的合成及其结构表征

以乙二醛、甲基肼和盐酸羟胺为起始原料,经缩合、肟化得到中间体肟基甲腙;该中间体不经分离直接加入到硫酸铜-吡啶-水体系中,经缩合环化得到2-甲基三唑-1-氧化物(MTO);随后用混酸(硝酸+硫酸)硝化得到目标产物2-甲基-4,5-二硝基三唑-1-氧化物(DNMTO);初步探讨了环化反应的机理,研究了反应温度与时间等因素对硝化反应的影响,确定了最佳硝化反应条件.与此同时,利用红外光谱、核磁共振、质谱及元素分析等分析了中间产物和DNMTO的组成和结构.结果表明,目标产物的总收率为16%,纯度为99%;最佳硝化反应温度为100℃,最佳硝化反应时间为0.5h.     

贝达喹啉中间体3-苄基-6-溴-2-甲氧基喹啉的合成工艺优化

贝达喹啉是本世纪初开发上市的新型二芳基喹啉类药物,而3-苄基-6-溴-2-甲氧基喹啉是合成贝达喹啉的重要中间体。本文针对此中间体合成时间长,收率低的问题,通过探讨不同的反应时间、温度、溶剂等因素对其影响,寻找到较优的反应条件,提高了反应收率,缩短了反应时间,便于工业化生产。     

Synthesis and characterization of trans-di(nitrobenzo)- and di(aminobenzo)-18-crown-6 derivatives with high selectivity

The dibenzo-18-crown-6 derivatives such as di(nitrobenzo)-18-crown-6 and di(aminobenzo)-18-crown-6 were synthesized by nitration reaction and catalytic hydrogenation with high selectivity. The chemical structures were determined by FTIR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and UV. Regarding the mixture of Ac₂O and HNO₃ as nitrating agent, the reaction exhibited commendable trans-isomer selectivity. Effects of nitrating agent ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time on yield of trans-di(nitrobenzo)-18-crown-6 were investigated. The yield of trans-di(nitrobenzo)-18-crown-6 was 62.9% for nitrating agent ratio of 1/1, reaction temperature of 50?°C and reaction time of 5?h. Moreover, effect of reaction time on trans-di(aminobenzo)-18-crown-6 was also studied.     

微波干法催化醛酮与胺的缩合反应

利用微波辐射和固体中性Al2 O3 载体催化醛酮与胺的缩合反应的方法合成了十六种亚胺 ,研究了微波功率、作用时间、产物提取方式等因素对反应的影响 ;与无微波作用的一般合成方法相比 ,该法明显地提高反应速度及产率 ;文中用低极性熔点递变物质灌装毛细管的方法观测微波作用下反应温度 ,探讨微波作用化学反应的机理 ,其机理除与微波加热作用有关外还与分子间氢键及分子的缔合性有关。     

Study on the alkylation reaction of guanine and N-acetylguanine and the synthesis of 1''''-C alkylated carba-DHPG analogues

The alkylation reaction of guanine and N-acetylguanine with model compounds such as isopropyl bromide or 4-heptyl tosylate were studied. The reaction conditions such as temperature, solvent, base, and catalyst were examined for their effects on the reaction rate, and the yield and regioselectivity of the coupling reaction. The highest yield was obtained by using DMSO as the solvent. The reaction proceeded in a homogenous manner to give higher yield of 9-N and 7-N substituted product in a mole ratio of 1:1. The ratio could be raised to 2:1 if dibenzo-18-crown-6 was used as a catalyst. Using the above procedure, three carba-DHPG analogues bearing different 1'-C alkyl side chains were synthesized.     

氟化钾催化含氢烷氧基硅烷的歧化反应

氟化钾催化含氢烷氧基硅烷的歧化反应张增佑，尚坚，周秀中（南开大学元素有机化学研究所化学系，天津，５０００７１）关键词歧化反应，氟化物，催化，烷氧基硅烷早在７０年代初期Ａｋｌｉｒｅｍ［１］就报道了氟化物可催化硅氢化物醇解。关于氟化物活化Ｓｉ—Ｈ键的实质...     

微波辅助法合成Hantzsch酯

以芳香醛、乙酰丙酮及碳酸氢铵为原料,固载路易斯酸蒙脱土为催化剂,通过微波辅助法催化合成了5个Hantzsch酯类化合物,其结构经¹H NMR和IR确证。考察了催化剂、溶剂、温度、时间和氮源对产率的影响。结果表明：反应温度60 ℃,微波辐照时间10 min, n(芳香醛) :n(乙酰乙酸乙酯) :n(碳酸氢铵)=2.0:2.0:1.0,氯化镍固载蒙脱土为催化剂（10%）,产率高达97.8%。     

A new synthetic route to polycarbonate

A detailed study has been carried out on the new synthetic reaction of poly(p-xylylene carbonate) from potassium carbonate and p-xylylene dibromide by using a variety of crown ethers as a catalyst, which was recently found by the present authors. Crown ethers having 18-member ring showed the best catalytic property of the various crown ethers, and the reaction was conducted in various solvents at 50–160°C by using 18-crown-6-ether. Both the polymer yield and the molecular weight of the polymer increased in proportion to the amount of potassium carbonate, and they increased rapidly and reached constant values with increasing the concentration of 18-crown-6-ether. They also depended significantly upon the reaction temperature as well as the solvent used. A maximum yield with the highest molecular weight was obtained from the reaction at 100–120°C in diglyme solvent. The spectroscopic analysis of the polymer indicated that all the end groups of the resulting polymer had the structure of benzyl bromide. From these results, a plausible mechanism was proposed for the reaction. Similar reactions were also conducted by using several aliphatic dibromides, Br? (CH₂)_x? Br, in place of p-xylylene dibromide. The products were strongly dependent of the value of x: polycarbonate was obtained from dibromides with ≧4, and cyclic carbonates from dibromides with ≦3.     

Synthesizing 4′,4″(5″) Di‐tert‐butyldibenzo 18‐crown‐6 Monitored by Online FTIR

4′,4″(5″) Di‐tert‐butyldibenzo 18‐crown‐6 (DTBB18C6) was successfully synthesized by S_N2 nucleophilic substitution with 4‐tert‐butyl catechol as starting material. Effects of cyclization reagents, solvents, and templates were investigated. Reaction process was monitored by the real‐time online FTIR to study the actual reaction route. The highest DTBB18C6 yield (above 33%) was obtained by using Cs₂CO₃ as the template, 2,2′‐diethylene glycol ditosylate as the cyclization reagent, and THF as the solvent. From the result of FTIR, four different reaction stages of DTBB18C6 synthesis process were proposed.     

微波辐射溶剂提取-分光光度法测定农吉利中的总黄酮

采用微波辐射溶剂法提取农吉利中的总黄酮。研究了微波功率、微波辐射时间、提取溶剂用量、提取温度、提取时间等实验条件。以牡荆素作为目标物表征,利用UV法测定了提取液中总黄酮。实验结果表明:与常规溶剂回流提取相比,在相同的提取条件下用微波辐射处理药材后再进行提取,其提取率明显提高,山东和广西样品中总黄酮的提取率分别提高48.3%和23.2%。该方法的加标回收率为94.2%~105.5%,重复测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.1%(n=6)。该法用于农吉利中总黄酮的提取和测定,处理方法简单,测定结果可靠。