共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 219 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
纤维素是生物质的主要成分,其水解产物作为平台化合物在能源化工方面具有广泛的用途.绿色、低成本、高效的转化纤维素为平台化合物是目前研究的热点.本文报道了以生物质玉米秸秆、花生壳、核桃壳为原料经700℃碳化150℃磺化后得到生物质炭磺酸,将得到的生物质炭磺酸进行离子液体的负载得到离子液体功能化的生物质炭磺酸催化剂,探讨了时间和温度对制备的催化剂水解纤维素后总还原糖产率的影响,与负载前的生物质炭磺酸进行了对比.结果表明,150℃反应28 h三种催化剂均得到良好的总还原糖产率,相对于生物质炭磺酸总还原糖产率分别提升了13. 9%、16. 4%和14. 7%.循环使用四次后,催化剂依然保持着良好的催化活性. 相似文献
7.
8.
生物质成型燃料是将农林生物质原料(包括农作物各种残余物、林木枝叶及加工剩余物、草类、粪便等)进行加工,使其具有人们方便使用的形状、大小和密度。同其它形式的生物质能利用技术相比,生物质成型燃料技术因生产过程简单,其产品更容易直接使用。根据国际能源理事会预测,到2020年,在全球可再生能源中生物质能的比重接近60%,而生物质成型燃料则占生物质能利用的60%。目前,欧盟各国都建立了生物质成型燃料相应的行业标准、技术规范和产品标准,产业发展已经进入了成熟商业化的快速发展阶段。据统计,去年全球生物质成型燃料销售量达1.8亿吨,市场规模超过500亿欧元。在全球经济放缓的背景下,生物质成型燃料产业以年均18%的速度高速成长,已经成为全球新能源市场中的“香饽饽”。全球新能源市场中的“香饽饽”@高 相似文献
9.
10.
正植物通过光合作用将CO2和水转化为生物质,利用生物质我们可以得到能源原料、化工中间体等有用的产品.从生物质获得可再生能源与资源方面研究得较多的是纤维素和木质素的转化[1-5].纤维素由D-葡萄糖单体通过β-糖苷键连接而形成,水解打开β-糖苷键可以得到寡聚葡萄糖和葡萄糖单体,寡聚葡萄糖可以进一步水解为葡萄糖单体.葡萄糖单体能作为合成众多能源、化工成品的前体,例如5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)[6],乙二醇[7-9],丙 相似文献
11.
Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB5型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。 相似文献
12.
乙基黄原酸基的结构为:(简写为Exan,它是一个双齿配体,能和许多金属离子形成稳定配合物。 本文依据实验结果,对3种Ni(Ⅱ)和2种Zn(Ⅱ)的乙基黄原酸盐混合配合物的性质作一些系统的比较.应用红外光谱讨论这些混合配合物的C—O及C—S键振动频率位移;用热谱讨论它们的热稳定性及失重过程的变化;通过组成分析用电子光谱及磁学方 相似文献
13.
四环素-铕与卵磷脂的相互作用及卵磷脂的测定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以四环素(TC)-Eu3 作为荧光探针,提出了新的荧光光度法测量卵磷脂(PC)。在pH 5.7的酸度条件下,扫描不同浓度的PC与TC-Eu3 的荧光光谱。通过优化实验条件,得到了测定PC的最佳条件。卵磷脂能使TC-Eu3 位于612 nm处的特征荧光显著增强且增强的荧光强度与PC的量成正比。测量的线性范围为4.0×10-7~1.4×10-5mol/L,检出限为3.9×10-8mol/L。该方法已用于实际样品的测定。 相似文献
14.
K. N. Zelenin I. A. Motorina L. A. Sviridova I. P. Bezhan A. Yu. Ershov G. A. Golubeva Yu. G. Bundel' 《Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds》1987,23(9):1018-1024
The reactions of N-substituted hydroxylamines with alkenals serve as a method for the synthesis of the corresponding 2-substituted 3(5)-hydroxyisoxazolidines. The reaction pathway is determined by the nature of the substituent attached to the nitrogen atom. Ring-chain isomerism has been detected in these newly obtained compoundsTranslated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 9, pp. 1270–1276, September, 1987. 相似文献
15.
红霉素9,11-亚胺醚和乙腈分子加合物的合成和晶体结构 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过控制红霉素A (E)肟的贝克曼重排反应条件合成了一种关键中间体红霉素9,11-亚胺醚, 该化合物可与乙腈形成稳定的分子加合物(摩尔比为1∶1), 未见文献报道. 阐述了该化合物的合成、晶体结构、晶体学数据和结构参数. 该化合物为无色透明晶体, 属单斜晶系, 空间群P21. 对该加合物和已知化合物红霉素6,9-亚胺醚晶体结构的对照解析, 有助于对重排反应机理、异构化机理和两异构体还原差异性的分析, 对重排反应和还原反应起到积极的指导作用. 相似文献
16.
17.
V. D. Ignatiev 《Journal of Structural Chemistry》2005,46(4):744-751
A new system of atomic radii for the elements up to barium inclusive is constructed. Values of the radii are chosen so as the dependence between the dissociation energy of diatomic homonuclear molecules and a depth of atom overlapping is monotonous, and the scatter of data is minimal. The depth of overlapping is calculated as a difference between the sum of atomic radii and an experimental interatomic distance. Conclusions are made that: the radii of free atoms and ions are determined by the value of the electron density equal to 0.01 au; they considerably change in molecules and crystals only as a result of the charge transfer from cation to anion; covalent bonding is well described by the overlapping of free atoms (ions), confined by the surface of the given radius, and its energy depends upon the depth of overlapping of valence electron densities of atoms. A method of overlapping atoms is proposed for the approximate estimation of ionic sizes and charges in bound systems. 相似文献
18.
Pankaj Sehgal Osamu Kosaka Hidekazu Doe Daniel E. Otzen 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(7):1050-1058
Interaction and stability of binary mixtures of cationic surfactants hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB) or hexadecylpyridinium bromide (HPyBr) with nonionic surfactant decanoyl-N-methyl-glucamide (Mega-10) have been studied at different mole fraction of cationic surfactants by using interfacial tension measurements and fluorescence probe techniques. From interfacial tension measurements, the critical micellar concentration and various interfacial thermodynamic parameters have been evaluated. The experimental cmc's were analyzed with the pseudophase separation model, the regular solution theory, and the Maeda's approach. These approaches allowed us to determine the interaction parameter and composition in the mixed state. By using the static quenching method, the mean micellar aggregation numbers of pure and mixed micelles of HTAB + Mega-10 were obtained. It has been observed that the aggregation number of mixed micelles deviates negatively from the ideal behavior. The micropolarity of the micelle was monitored with pyrene fluorescence intensity ratio and found to be increase with the increase of ionic content. The polarization of fluorescence probe Rhodamine B was monitored at different mole fraction of cationic surfactants. 相似文献
19.
多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生,丁孟贤,徐纪平(浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所,杭州,310027)(中国科学院长春应用化学研究所)关键词聚醚酰亚胺,聚酯酰亚胺,膜,透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差,在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后,其... 相似文献
20.
Tian Yu WANG Jing Rong CHEN Jin Shi MA* Center for Molecular Science Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Technical Institute of Physics Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 《中国化学快报》2001,(8)
5, 15-Diphenylporphyrin (DPP), a novel porphyrin model compound, was always inaccessible in quantities suitable for study1 because the difficulty of synthesis. So that the characteristic of this molecule had not been explored until a novel method developed for the preparation of DPP recently2. Therefore it will be possible for the synthesis of DPP-based photosensitizers, and investigation of their photodynamic properties. Here we reported the synthesis of novel photosensitizers 5, 15-diphe… 相似文献