钕（Ⅲ）和铒（Ⅲ）氨基酸配合物吸收光谱的超灵敏性

本文报道了Nd~(3 ),Er~(3 )和谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、天冬酰胺体系的f-f跃迁吸收光谱。根据Judd-Ofelt方程计算了f-f跃迁的振子强度和参数T_λ(λ=2,4,6),讨论了溶液中pH值、配体浓度和碱度对镧系离子‘超灵敏”跃迁振子强度和T_λ参数的影响,讨论了‘超灵敏’跃迁振子强度和T_2的相关性及溶液中镧系离子与氨基酸形成的物种。     

稀土(Nd~(3+)、Ho~(3+)、Er~(3+))二戊基亚砜配合物f→f跃迁的振子强度

自Judd-Ofelt理论计算镧系离子f→f跃迁光谱振子强度取得成功以来,关于镧系离子溶液体系的“超灵敏跃迁”研究已引起国内外关注。本文报道了不同碱性溶剂对稀土(Nd~(3+)、Ho~(3+)、Er~(3+))高氯酸盐二戊基亚砜配合物“超灵敏跃迁”的影响。1 理论和计算 Judd-Ofelt理论认为,因镧系离子f→f电偶极跃迁是宇称禁戒的,若镧系离子偏离周     

3－乙酰乙酰基－4－羟基香豆素希土配合物的合成和性质

本文报道了稀土与３－乙酰乙酰基－４－羟基香豆素配合物的合成，其化学组成为Ｌｎ（Ｈａａｃ）３．ｎＨ２Ｏ（Ｌｎ为Ｌａ，Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｇｄ，Ｄｙ，Ｅｒ，ｎ为１或２），基于Ｈ－ＮＭＲ，ＩＲ的结果，提出了稀土离子与配位体４位羟基氧与邻近羰基双齿配位结构，对Ｎｄ＾３＋及Ｅｒ＾３＋配合物的超灵敏吸收带的形状和吸收强度等也作了讨论。     

皂化酸性磷酸酯萃取稀土离子过程中有机相的FTIR光谱表征

研究了不同浓碱皂化的Ｄ２ＥＨＰＡ－正庚烷体系萃取－系列稀土离子（Ｌａ＾３＋－Ｌｕ＾３＋）放射性的Ｐｍ除外）过程中有机相的ＦＴＩＲ光谱变化规律，结果说明，Ｄ２ＥＨＰＡ萃取稀土离子后，Ｐ－Ｏ基团５的红外吸收频率降低，吸收强度升高，说明Ｐ－Ｏ基团与稀土离子发生配位；红外光谱研究研究结果表明：不同稀土离子与Ｐ－Ｏ配位能力有差别，从Ｌａ＾３＋－Ｓｍ＾３＋ｓｇｎ ｗｕｇ ｃｅｌｔｗｙｅ ｕｑｗ ｆｕｌｊｅ ｓ     

Tb^3＋配合物的电子振动光谱研究

采用时间分辨荧光光谱系统测量了几种稀土Ｔｂ３＋配合物的＾７Ｆ６－＾５Ｄ４电子跃迁的激发光谱，同时测量了与该跃迁及配合物中配位基团的相关的电子振动光谱。结合电子振动跃迁的理论分析，研究了这些电子振动光谱的强度和位置的特征。及其与Ｔｂ＾３＋周围配位情况的关系，表明电子振动光谱有可能用作稀土在其梧合物或在生物分子中结合位置的微结构光谱探针。     

Nd（Cl9O4）3和Er（ClO4）3与α—双（苯基亚砜）甲烷配合物的溶液光谱

研究了Ｎｄ（ＣｌＯ４）３．ｎＨ２Ｏ－ｂｐｈｓｍ［双（苯基亚砜）甲烷］体系和Ｅｒ（ＣｌＯ４）３．ｎＨ２Ｏ－ｂｐｈｓｍ体系的电子光谱。分析了在可见光区内，ｆ－ｆ跃迁的强度和强度参数。并从Ｎｄ＾３＋和Ｅｒ＾３＋的超灵敏跃迁的振子强度和强度参数Ｔ２与配体ｂｐｈｓｍ深度的关系，指出了体系中Ｎｄ与ｂｐｈｓｍ形成１：２．５的物种和Ｅｒ＾３＋与ｂｐｈｓｍ形成１：２的物种。     

Nd（ClO_4）_3和Er（ClO_4）_3与α－双（苯基亚砜）甲烷配合物的

研究了Ｎｄ（ＣｌＯ４）３·ｎＨ２Ｏ－ｂｐｈｓｍ［双（苯基亚砜）甲烷１体系（甲醇－氯仿１：２）和Ｅｒ（ＣｌＯ４）３·ｎＨ２Ｏ－ｂｐｈｓｍ体系（甲醇－氯仿１：２）的电子光谱。分析了在可见光区内，ｆ一ｆ跃迁的强度和强度参数，并从Ｎｄ３＋和Ｅｒ３＋的超灵敏跃迁的振子强度和强度参数Ｔ２与配体ｂｐｈｓｍ浓度的关系，指出了体系中Ｎｄ与ｂｐｈｓｍ形成１：２．５的物种和Ｅｒ３＋与ｂｐｈｓｍ形成１：２的物种。     

稀土化合物晶体的化学键和光谱效应

计算了稀土化合物晶体的化学键参数和离子极化率,讨论了基质对稀土离子的电子云扩大效应和超灵敏跃迁的影响机理。     

计算机在镧系络合物光谱分析中的应用

本文介绍了一个可用于镧系络合物光谱分析的计算机程序。该程序包括五个程序块,分别计算络合物的共价参数、光谱跃迁的振子强度、τ_λ参数、超灵敏跃迁振子强度与τ_λ的关系以及各元素超灵敏跃迁振子强度之间的相关关系。该程序全部采用会话式BASIC语言,可在APPLEⅡ及HKC8800微机上运行。经计算证明,该程序使用简单,速度快,准确性高。     

高氯酸钬（Ⅲ）和双（苯基亚砜）丙烷、双（苯基亚砜）丁烷配合物的光谱性质

测量了高氯酸钦（Ⅲ）和双（苯基亚砜）丙烷、双（苯基亚砜）丁烷配合物的溶液（甲醇－氯仿，二甲基甲酰胺）的电子光谱，计算了ｆ－ｆ跃迁的振子强度和强度参数，并讨论了“超灵敏”跃迁的强度和强度多数与配体性质的关系和溶剂的影响。     

Strengths and Weaknesses of Molecular Simulations of Electrosprayed Droplets

The origin and the magnitude of the charge in a macroion are critical questions in mass spectrometry analysis coupled to electrospray and other ionization techniques that transfer analytes from the bulk solution into the gaseous phase via droplets. In many circumstances, it is the later stages of the existence of a macroion in the containing solvent drop before the detection that determines the final charge state. Experimental characterization of small (with linear dimensions of several nanometers) and short-lived droplets is quite challenging. Molecular simulations in principle may provide insight exactly in this challenging for experiments regime. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the molecular modeling of electrosprayed droplets using molecular dynamics. We illustrate the limitations of the molecular modeling in the analysis of large macroions and specifically proteins away from their native states.

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WC-8Co硬质合金中稀土添加剂的作用

以混合稀土氧化物为添加剂，在真空炉中于０２Ｐａ、１３７０℃下经液相烧结３０ｍｉｎ制备加稀土的ＷＣ８ＣｏＲ硬质合金试样。Ｘ射线衍射、扫描电镜和磁性测定的结果表明，稀土提高ＷＣ８Ｃｏ硬质合金的表面宏观压应力是强化合金的重要因素，其阻止粘结相（γ相）的ｆｃｃ→ｈｃｐ转变对合金强韧性的作用甚微。稀土对ＷＣＣｏ硬质合金显微结构参数无明显影响，也无Ｗ溶质对γ相的附加固溶强化效果     

Bonding Strengths of Titania Sol-Gel Derived Coatings on Titanium

Bioactive ceramic coatings have had poor adhesion to substrate. In this study, the bond strength (tensile strength) of titania gel coating to titanium substrate was studied. In the experiments three different pretreatments were used, namely sodium hydroxide corroding, plasma cleaning and titanium nitride coating. Also the effects of heating temperature, heating in vacuum and titanium surface roughness were studied. The sol properties were altered with valeric acid addition. Samples were analysed by SEM-EDX, AES, AFM and tested by bond strength gauge. Those samples in which the titanium surface was precorroded one hour in sodium hydroxide, predeposited by titanium nitride or ground improved the bonding strengths of titania coatings to over 24 MPa. In these samples a fracture occurred at the glue-coating interface.     

独居石精矿碳还原过程的研究

采用Ｘ射线衍射、电子探针、热重分析及化学分析等方法研究了独居石精矿的Ｃ还原行为,考察了ＲＥＰＯ４的分解过程。结果表明,在一定温度下,独居石精矿中的ＲＥＰＯ４能被Ｃ分解为稀土氧化物,Ｐ以单质形式被还原挥发出去,其中ＣｅＰＯ４的分解过程与ＬａＰＯ４,ＮｄＰＯ４等的分解过程不同步。     

Synthesis and Upconversion Luminescence in LaF3:Yb3+, Ho3+, GdF3: Yb3+, Tm3+ and YF3:Yb3+, Er3+ obtained from Sulfide Precursors

Rare earth fluorides are mainly obtained from aqueous solutions of oxygen‐containing precursors. Probably, this method is simple and efficient, however, oxygen may partially be retained in the fluoride structure. We offer an alternative method: obtaining fluorides and solid solutions based on them from an oxygen‐free precursor. As starting materials, we choose sulfides of rare‐earth elements and solid solutions based on them. The fluorination is carried out by exposure to hydrofluoric acid of various concentrations. The transmission electron microscopy images revealed the different morphologies of the products, which depend on the concentration of the fluorinating component (HF) and the host element. The solid solution particle size varied from 30–35 nm in the case of GdF₃:Yb³⁺, Tm³⁺ (4 % HF) to larger structures with dimensions exceeding 200 nm, such as that for LaF₃:Yb³⁺, Ho³⁺ (40 % HF). The thermal characteristics, such as the temperatures of the transitions and melting and enthalpies, were determined for the solid solutions and simple fluorides. Applicability of the materials obtained as biological luminescent markers was tested on the example of upconversion luminescence, and good upconversion properties were detected.     

Zum thermochemischen Verhalten von Halogeniden,Oxidhalogeniden, Aluminiumhalogeniden und Ammoniumhalogeniden der Seltenerdelemente

The Thermochemical Behaviour of Halides, Oxidehalides, Aluminiumhalides and Ammoniumhalides of Rare‐Earth‐Elements After a critical sifting of the thermal behaviour of Rare earth halides LnX₃, oxide halides LnOX, aluminium halides Ln_mAl_nX_3(m+n) and ammonium halides (NH₄)_xLn_yX_3y+x the enthalpies of formation and the standard entropies are evaluated and the recommended values are indicated. From the straight‐line dependence between the differences of the enthalpies of formation of Rare earth oxides and ‐halides as well as ‐oxidhalides and the ion radii of the concerned elements the values for some halides and oxide halides, which are missing in the literature, are deduced. The evaporation and sublimation behaviour of the LnX₃ as well as the decomposition behaviour of the compounds LnOX are generalizing described and chemical vapour transport properties of the LnX₃ with AlX₃ are systematically arranged. The thermal stability of the Europium trihalides is quantified. From the well known phase barograms and diagrams of the systems Rare earth trihalide/aluminium halide (LnX₃/AlX₃) and ammonium halide (LnX₃/NH₄X) general conclusions are deduced for systems with LnX₃.     

Application of electrokinetic supercharging capillary zone electrophoresis to rare-earth ore samples

Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) using electrokinetic injection (EKI) with transient isotachophoresis, which was named “electrokinetic supercharging-CZE ” (EKS-CZE), was applied to model samples of rare-earth ores (xenotime and monazite) and a real sample of monazite ore, the abundance of the components being greatly different among samples. When simple EKI was applied, separation and detection of rare-earth ions with smaller mobilities than the major component became difficult with an increase of the content of the major component. In contrast, when EKS-CZE was applied, the minor components (Er, Tm, Yb) with contents less than 0.025% (rare-earth/total rare-earth) could be analyzed. The analytical results for minor components in monazite ore agreed with those obtained by isotachophoresis–particle-induced X-ray emission (ITP–PIXE) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) with errors less than 17%. The sample amount required for analysis was 9 μg which is 200-fold smaller than that used in ITP-PIXE analysis. Analytical sensitivity of EKS-CZE was comparable with that of ICP-AES.     

含稀土聚合物的进展

本文综述了含稀土聚合物的合成、性质以及应用等方面的研究进展。     

Strengths of hydrogen bonds involving phosphorylated amino acid side chains

Post-translational phosphorylation plays a key role in regulating protein function. Here, we provide a quantitative assessment of the relative strengths of hydrogen bonds involving phosphorylated amino acid side chains (pSer, pAsp) with several common donors (Arg, Lys, and backbone amide groups). We utilize multiple levels of theory, consisting of explicit solvent molecular dynamics, implicit solvent molecular mechanics, and quantum mechanics with a self-consistent reaction field treatment of solvent. Because the approximately 6 pKa of phosphate suggests that -1 and -2 charged species may coexist at physiological pH, hydrogen bonds involving both protonated and deprotonated phosphates for all donor-acceptor pairs are considered. Multiple bonding geometries for the charged-charged interactions are also considered. Arg is shown to be capable of substantially stronger salt bridges with phosphorylated side chains than Lys. A pSer hydrogen-bond acceptor tends to form more stable interactions than a pAsp acceptor. The effect of phosphate protonation state on the strengths of the hydrogen bonds is remarkably subtle, with a more pronounced effect on pAsp than on pSer.