QuEChERS/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定茶叶中17种氨基甲酸酯类农药及其代谢物残留

建立了检测茶叶中灭多威等17种氨基甲酸酯类农药残留的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)方法。详细讨论了加水对茶叶中氨基甲酸酯类农药提取效率的影响。茶叶样品加水后,用乙腈提取,经QuEChERS方法净化,C18色谱柱分离,三重四极杆电喷雾质谱检测,基质外标法定量。17种氨基甲酸酯类农药残留在各自质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R~2)均大于0. 99。方法检出限(S/N=3)为0. 001～0. 02 mg/kg,定量限(S/N=10)为0. 002～0. 05 mg/kg。在0. 05,0. 5,5. 0 mg/kg 3个添加水平下,17种农药残留平均加标回收率在82. 1%～119. 2%之间,相对标准偏差均小于8. 5%。     

气相色谱法同时测定大米中37种农药残留

提出了分散固相萃取-气相色谱法同时测定大米中37种农药残留量的方法。采用C18、乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷(PSA)和无水硫酸镁固相材料分散净化技术,以丙酮-正己烷(25+75)溶液为萃取溶剂,用脉冲火焰光度检测器和电子捕获检测器同时测定37种农药。13种有机氯农药的线性范围为0.02～0.2 mg.L-1,16种有机磷农药和8种拟除虫菊酯农药的线性范围为0.1～1.0 mg.L-1,方法的检出限(3S/N)均小于0.02 mg.kg-1。以大米样品为基体,加入三种不同浓度的农药标准溶液作回收试验,测定回收率在71.8%～111.8%之间,相对标准偏差(n=3)在1.1%～14.0%之间。     

LC-MS/MS法同时测定4种中草药中155种农药残留

建立了液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)同时测定4种中草药(甘草、银杏叶、菊花和八角茴香)中155种农药残留方法。样品采用乙腈、无水硫酸镁和乙酸钠分散固相萃取(DSPE),再经Cleanert TPH固相萃取(SPE)柱净化,乙腈/甲苯(8:1,V/V)洗脱,液相色谱串联质谱多反应监测模式下测定,外标法定量。实验结果表明,155种农药的检出限(S/N=3)和定量限(S/N=10)范围分别为0.4～34.1μg/kg和1.3～113.7μg/kg;在1.0～2400.0μg/kg浓度范围内,155种农药中有148种农药在4种中草药中线性相关系数平均值R2≥0.9950;在低、中、高3个添加水平,86.5%～97.4%的农药平均回收率在60%～120%范围,94.2%～100.0%的农药相对标准偏差RSD≤20%(n=5)。该方法适用于中草药中农药多残留检测。     

凝胶净化-毛细管气相法测定黄瓜、番茄和青椒中15种有机磷农药

 建立了凝胶柱净化蔬菜样本,毛细管气相 火焰光度检测器测定15种有机磷农药的方法。用环己烷 乙酸乙酯(体积比为1∶1)淋洗液以1mL/min的流量洗脱凝胶柱(10mmi d ×200mm,SX 3),分别用气相检测各段流出液中农药的含量,得到了15种有机磷农药的凝胶流出曲线。采用该方法检测,15种有机磷农药在黄瓜、番茄和青椒中的最小检出质量比均低于5×10-3mg/kg,在蔬菜中不同添加浓度的平均回收率为77 8%～106%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0 10%～16 6%,其准确度和精密度均达到了农药残留分析的要求。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测中药材中有机磷农药残留量

研究了中药材中有机磷农药残留量的高效液相色谱-串联质谱同步检测方法.采用CAPCELL PAK MC C18反相柱,以乙腈为提取溶液,以Carb/PSA柱为净化柱,液相色谱-串联质谱仪测定.方法线性范围为10～500 μg/L,11种有机磷农药在此范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.9961～0.9999.在10～100 μg/kg浓度范围内,加标回收率在70%～110%之间,相对标准偏差为1.4%～11%,最低检出限为2～20μg/kg,符合残留检测分析要求.     

分散固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水果中19种酸性农药

建立了同时检测葡萄、苹果和桔子等水果中2,4-滴等19种酸性农药的分散固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)方法。葡萄、苹果和桔子样品经乙酸-乙腈(1∶99,V/V)提取后,C18分散固相萃取净化,采用反相C18色谱柱分离。以0.1%甲酸和0.1%甲酸-乙腈溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用多反应监测离子模式进行定性分析,基质标准曲线外标法进行定量分析,线性范围在0.01~0.2 mg/kg之间。在0.02,0.05和0.1 mg/kg添加水平下,19种酸性农药的回收率为70.3%～105.3%;相对标准偏差为0.37%～10.9%。本方法的定量限为0.005～0.02 mg/kg。     

微波辅助提取-气相色谱法同时测定中草药中有机磷和氨基甲酸酯农药残留

建立了中草药中有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类农药同时检测的气相色谱分析新方法.中药材试样依据正交实验的优化条件,用正己烷-丙酮(1∶4,V∶V)混合提取剂进行微波辅助提取,经弗罗里硅土和中性氧化铝混合层析柱净化后,采用HP-5毛细管柱分离,氮磷检测器同时检测中草药中15种有机磷和6种氨基甲酸酯类农药残留量.21种农药在0.01～1.0 mg/L的浓度范围内线性良好,线性相关系数为0.9950～1.000,检出限为0.002～0.01 mg/L.在0.05、0.2、0.5 mg/kg三个添加水平的平均回收率分别为75.11%～128.57%、75.85%～120.71%和76.43%～117.25%,相对标准偏差分别为 3.10%～10.58%、5.27%～9.94%和4.03%～9.03%.方法用于中草药中有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类农药残留的同时检测,结果良好.     

蔬菜中农药残留的分散液相微萃取/气相色谱-质谱联用技术快速分析

建立了分散液相微萃取/气相色谱-质谱快速检测蔬菜中农药残留的新方法.对影响萃取和富集效果的因素进行了优化.在优化的实验条件下,10种目标农药的富集倍数达738 ～895倍,检出限为0.005 ～0.06 mg/kg,线性范围为0.02 ～10 mg/kg,相关系数为0.991 2 ～0.998 7,平均加标回收率为71% ～90%,相对标准偏差为3.1% ～6.9%.该方法已成功用于蔬菜中10种农药残留的测定.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定农产品中残留的种衣剂农药

应用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)联用技术,建立了高灵敏、快速地同时检测农产品中8种种衣剂农药残留量的方法。样品经甲醇-水(体积比为1∶1)提取后,无需经过任何净化过程;以梯度流动相洗脱、经Acquity UPLC C18超高效液相色谱柱分离;电喷雾正离子(ESI+)采集模式、多反应监测模式(MRM)对定量离子和定性离子进行MS/MS测定。8种种衣剂农药在0.001～0.20 mg/L范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.997)。添加浓度为0.006～1.2 mg/kg时,回收率为60%～110%,相对标准偏差小于10%;方法的检出限为0.0005～0.002 mg/kg。该方法仅需约2 min的检测时间,而且灵敏、准确,适合于水果、蔬菜、粮谷等农产品中种衣剂农药残留量的快速、高灵敏地检测分析。     

蔬菜农药多残留分析中基质共提物净化方法的研究

首次建立了蔬菜中常见基质干扰物的净化方法.用GC-MS分析样品提取液、确定了蔬菜农药多残留检测常见的基质干扰物.建立常见吸附剂对基质干扰物的吸附模型,以及吸附剂对农药的吸附模型.据此建立了番茄、油菜和尖椒3种蔬菜中102种农药多残留SPE净化方法和气相色谱-质谱/选择离子存储检测方法(gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry/selective ion storage, GC-MS/SIS).样品用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)去除大分子干扰物和部分色素和(或)采用石墨化碳黑(GCB) Florisil混合SPE柱去除色素和脂肪酸.在0.02 mg/kg和0.10 mg/kg两个水平,农药添加回收率为65% ～123%(除久效磷、抗蚜威和蝇毒磷),RSD不大于15%.方法检出限在2 ～30 μg/kg范围.对于其它蔬菜,只要确定样品中的基质干扰物,即可选择合适的吸附剂制备专用的SPE柱.该方法适用于含色素、脂肪酸和大分子干扰物蔬菜样品中的农药多残留分析.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.