光频三维各向同性左手超材料结构单元模型的仿真设计

基于树枝结构单元思想,提出了光频三维各向同性左手超材料球刺结构单元模型.采用金属的Drude原理,运用等效媒质理论,仿真研究了结构的电磁响应特性.在晶格间距与工作波长的比值满足等效媒质理论要求的前提下,通过调节结构单元的几何参数,发现它能在光波段出现介电常数和磁导率同时为负值的区域,实现折射率小于零的左手超材料响应特性.该模型结构简单,具有各向同性特点.研究结果为采用"由下向上"方法制备光波段的三维左手超材料指出了新的途径. 关键词： 球刺模型 光波段 三维 各向同性     

双向抽运拉曼光纤放大器性能的研究

对双向抽运拉曼光纤放大器(RFA)的噪声特性、增益饱和及抽运功率转换效率进行了详细研究。结果表明,双向抽运拉曼光纤放大器的噪声特性介于前向抽运与后向抽运之间,但主要取决于前向抽运方式所导致的噪声特性;双向抽运方式的饱和功率低于单向抽运方式的饱和功率,同前向抽运与后向抽运提供的增益比例有关;双向抽运方式的抽运功率转换效率同信号光功率及前、后向抽运提供的增益有关,当信号光功率较低时,增加前向抽运的比例可取得较高的抽运功率转换效率,而信号光功率较高时,增加后向抽运的比例可取得较高的抽运功率转换效率。研究一种配置(情况3)的双向抽运拉曼光纤放大器,可以完全补偿100km传输线路的损耗(包括无源器件的损耗),最低光信噪比为30．21dB。     

二极管侧面抽运条件下工作物质增益分布特性研究

通过计算机模拟，研究了二极管侧面抽运条件下工作物质的增益分布特性，讨论了抽运结构各参量对增益分布特性的影响，比较了灯抽运与二极管抽运条件下工作物质增益分布的差别，并就其对激光光束质量的影响进行了初步的探讨。     

光纤拉曼放大器中增益的偏振相关特性研究

提出了一种改进的、可用于计算偏振相关拉曼增益的光纤拉曼放大器的非线性耦合波方程。建立了单模双折射光纤拉曼增益的数学模型,分析了线偏振抽运光以与光纤快轴成45°激励的单模双折射光纤拉曼放大器模型与实际具有随机双折射的光纤拉曼放大器的拉曼增益偏振相关特性的等价性。基于上述模型,提出了一个可定量表征单模光纤偏振模色散统计特性的拉曼增益偏振相关因子,用以替代常规的光纤拉曼放大器非线性耦合波方程中的偏振相关因子。计算结果与已报道文献的实验数据非常吻合。同时对抽运增益在同向和反向抽运方式下截然不同的增益偏振相关特性给出了合理的解释。     

组合式钕玻璃片状激光放大器增益性能的动态模拟

用随时间变化的氙灯辐射光谱模型,建立了组合式钕玻璃片状激光放大器动态增益特性的模拟程序,实现了从氙灯放电到引出激光的全过程动态模拟,可用于片状激光放大器的优化设计.研究了:1)放大器在不同的抽运条件下水平方向的增益均匀性,当氙灯爆炸系数比较高时,自发辐射放大优先使片的边缘产生消抽运作用,增益分布变得不均匀,通光口径的中央处增益较大;2)片厚度和掺杂浓度对增益性能的影响,在相同的抽运条件下,储能通量由片厚度与掺杂浓度的乘积决定,给出了储能通量和小信号增益随片厚度与掺杂浓度的乘积的变化关系 关键词： 钕玻璃激光放大器 储能密度 增益特性     

非线性超材料中自孤子的传输特性研究

本文以非线性增益超材料中描述电磁波传输的非线性薛定谔方程为模型,采用拟解法给出了线性增益和非线性损耗平衡下精确的具有非线性啁啾的自孤子解,详细研究了该自孤子在不同非线性电极化或/和磁极化超材料中的存在条件及其传输特性。结果发现,当非线性损耗与线性增益平衡时,超材料中可以存在两种形式的自孤子;而且在不同非线性极化的超材料中两种自孤子的振幅、波宽及空间频率啁啾随着归一化频率、增益系数的变化也不同,这意味着可以通过改变入射波的频率、选择具有不同非线性极化和不同增益的超材料来调节自孤子的传输特性。     

电磁超材料中负磁导率对负介电常数的影响

为深入了解电磁超材料中物质间相互作用关系,理论分析了金属导体线阵列宏结构嵌入单负磁导率媒质中时其等效介电常数的变化特性。数值计算和电磁仿真方法相结合,讨论了单负磁导率媒质和单负介电常数媒质的相互作用关系,提出了减小其相互作用的解决方法。仿真结果显示:将金属线阵列直接嵌入到单负磁导率媒质中时,电磁超材料传输特性在整个频段内为传输禁带;将金属线裹附一层绝缘材料后,传输禁带变为传输通带,这表明金属线阵列和单负磁导率媒质之间必须加入一种绝缘材料才能合成双负的电磁超材料。     

基于增益媒质的亚波长纳米阵列超传输特性研究

增益媒质因其优良的放大特性和广阔的应用前景吸引了国内外学者的广泛关注,然而,激发增益媒质补偿欧姆损耗需要较强的外部能量,极大地限制了增益媒质的发展前景。本文使用辅助位微分方程的时域有限差分方法研究了麦克斯韦方程与半经典的电子速率方程相耦合的自洽仿真过程,并基于四能级原子系统描述的增益媒质和异常光传输现象间的耦合机制,提出了一种新颖的含亚波长周期裂缝的增益/金属/增益纳米阵列结构。研究结果表明,本文提出的纳米结构可以使用较低外部能量实现完全补偿欧姆损耗的目的。该结果对深入了解纳米结构和增益媒质之间的相互作用有着重要的意义。     

平坦等频面双曲超材料的奇特电磁传输性

电磁波在媒质中的传输行为与媒质等频线的形状密切相关。双曲超材料的等频面为开放的双曲面,它支持任意大波矢的传播,将通常环境中以倏逝波形式存在的电磁波大波矢分量转换为传播场,从而实现更多奇特的电磁传输性。基于双曲线型等频面超材料,通过调节等频线的形状,制备出兼具双曲超材料和零折射率材料的新型材料,该材料不仅可以支持大波矢实现高方向性单向传输,同时可以将任意角度入射的电磁波以零角度折射,从而实现亚波长聚焦和超分辨特性。利用微波实验验证了高方向性单向传输特性、亚波长聚焦和超分辨特性,该研究为双曲超材料的理论和应用研究提供了更多的可能性。     

光子晶体光纤反常色散区抽运产生超连续谱的相干特性分析

使用复互相干度的定义对超连续谱的相干性进行了数值计算,得到了不同功率抽运情况下的脉冲谱展宽以及超连续谱相干性的变化.结果表明孤子自频移以及色散波辐射是抽运波长位于光纤反常色散区情况下超连续谱展宽的主要物理机理,而超连续谱的相干性则主要受到调制不稳定性的影响.调制不稳定性放大抽运脉冲自身携带的随机噪声,使得非线性效应产生的光谱成分具有随机的相位与幅度,引起超连续谱相干性的下降. 抽运功率越高, 调制不稳定性增益越高,噪声对超连续谱产生的作用越强, 超连续谱的相干性越差.要获得高相干的超连续谱, 需采用峰值功率较小的脉冲进行抽运.要获得大谱宽高相干的超连续谱, 则需要合理选择抽运脉冲功率.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.