共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
2.
以邻苯二酚与溴乙烷为原料、聚乙二醇为相转移催化剂合成邻苯二乙醚,再经过冰醋酸和硝酸硝化得到对硝基邻苯二乙醚。研究了反应温度、反应时间、原料摩尔比和催化剂用量等对反应收率的影响,获得了合成邻苯二乙醚的优化工艺条件:n(C6H4(OH)2)∶n(NaO H)∶n(C2H5Br)=1∶2.6∶2.4,反应温度80℃,反应时间4h,催化剂用量2g,该反应条件下邻苯二乙醚平均收率88%。混酸硝化条件下合成对硝基邻苯二乙醚的较佳工艺条件为n(C10H14O2)∶n(HNO3)=1∶1.2,乙酸25mL,反应时间30min,反应温度20℃,该反应条件下对硝基邻苯二乙醚平均收率为99%。 相似文献
3.
4.
固载杂多酸SiW_(12)/C催化合成富马酸二甲酯 总被引:10,自引:4,他引:6
用自制的固体杂多酸催化剂SiW12 /C进行催化酯化合成富马酸二甲酯 (DMF) .探讨了催化剂用量、醇 /酸比、反应时间、反应温度等动力学条件对合成DMF的影响 .确定了合成DMF的最佳合成工艺条件 :醇 /酸物质的量比为 6∶1,催化剂用量为富马酸质量的 2 .5 % ,反应时间 7.0h ,反应温度为回流温度 ,酯化率可达 90 .6 % .结果表明 ,该催化剂催化活性高 ,可重复使用 ,后处理容易 ,生产成本低且无三废污染 . 相似文献
5.
无机高分子钯金属络合物对苯胺氧化羰基化生成苯氨基甲酸甲酯的催化作用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
苯基异氰酸酯(ArNCO)是一种重要的工业原料,它的商品生产方法是通过硝基苯还原成苯胺,苯胺再与光气发生羰基化反应. 这种方法存在两个缺点,(1)生产中要利用光气;(2)有副产物HCl生成. 相似文献
6.
7.
用浸渍法制备的负载铱催化剂催化间二硝基苯部分加氢制间硝基苯胺,考察了温度对反应的影响和催化剂循环实验,结果表明,催化剂活性在90℃最佳;间硝基苯胺选择性随温度升高而增加.以甲醇作溶剂,在n(substrate) /n(Ir) =5000, 90℃, 0.8 MPa条件下,反应1 h,间二硝基苯转化率100%,间硝基苯胺选择性96.3%,全部加氢产物间苯二胺很少生成.催化剂经3次循环,活性下降不明显,在第6次循环时延长反应时间至2.5 h,间二硝基苯转化率和间硝基苯胺选择性均能达到100%.催化机理有待进一步研究. 相似文献
8.
9.
利用低价钛试剂促进的2-邻硝基苯基苯并咪唑与原甲酸酯或丙酮或固体光气的反应, 合成了一系列苯并咪唑并[1,2-c]喹唑啉衍生物, 化合物的结构经IR, 1H NMR, MS和元素分析确定, 化合物4c的结构经单晶X射线衍射分析进一步确证. 该方法具有原料易得、操作简便和产率高等优点. 相似文献
10.
11.
I. A. Litvinov V. A. Mamedov O. N. Kataeva 《Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds》1994,30(9):1012-1014
X-ray analysis was used to determined the structure of 1-phenyl-2-chloro-3-(m-nitrophenyl)-2,3-epoxypropanone, obtained by reacting phenacyl dihydrochloride with metanitrobenzaldehyde under Darzen's reaction conditions. The bulky m-nitrophenyl and benzoyl substituents were located in the trans position relative to the chloroepoxide fragment, which was found to stabilize when the m-nitrophenyl substituent was introduced.A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420083. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinennii, No. 9, pp. 1172–1175, September, 1994. Original article submitted May 5, 1994. 相似文献
12.
Yu Fen LüLiang Fang Zhu Qiu Yuan Liu Bin Guo Xiao Ke Hu Chang Wei Hu~* Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry Technology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu PR China 《中国化学快报》2009,20(2):238-240
The liquid-phase direct catalytic amination of benzene to aniline was performed in acetic acid water solvent using a series of vanadium(Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ)complexes with N,O-or O,O-ligands as catalysts and hydroxylamine hydrochloride as the aminating agent. The vanadium complexes exhibited much higher selectivity towards the production of aniline than NaVO_3 or VOSO_4.Under the optimized conditions,an aniline yield of 42.5%and a TON of 48 with a high selectivity of above 99.9%was obtained using 0.2 mmol of[VO(OAc)_2]... 相似文献
13.
前文已报导1-芳基-2-甲基-3-乙酰基-5-对氯苯基吡咯。本文用间硝基-ω-溴代苯乙酮与乙酰丙酮作用,得到1-间硝基苯基-3-乙酰基-1,4-戊二酮(1),(1)与各种不同的芳香族伯胺在冰醋酸存在下进行环合反应,生成1,2,3,5-四取代吡咯(2)至(10)。后者与氨基脲反应得到相应的缩氨脲。 相似文献
14.
黄晓华 《分析测试技术与仪器》2012,18(4):227-229
采用顶空气相色谱法测定土壤中的苯胺,对盐类及其用量、顶空温度等条件进行了优化。当加入2.5 g NaOH,80 ℃进行顶空时,苯胺在0.05~2.50 mg/kg范围内线性良好,方法检出限0.007 mg/kg,样品加标平行测定的RSD低于6%,回收率高于80%。方法操作简单,检出限低,适用于土壤中苯胺的测定。 相似文献
15.
基于苯胺与亚硝酸盐的重氮化反应及反应产物与甲萘酚的显色,借助流动分析技术,实现了海水中苯胺含量的分析测定。体系以30.9g/L的NaCl做载液、人工海水配制标准样品,对各个影响因素进行了优化。苯胺浓度在0.01~1.0mg/L范围内与相对峰高呈线性关系,线性方程ΔH(mV)=200.53ρ+1.0728(n=8,ρ为苯胺浓度mg/L),相关系数R2=0.9982。方法的检出限(3σ)为0.005mg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.8%(n=11)。考察了共存离子、不同盐度样品对分析测定的影响。用于实际海水样品的分析,回收率为95.8%~106.6%。 相似文献
16.
A high-throughput multiparameter optimization of chemical oxidative polymerization conditions has been developed for a facile synthesis of furan homopolymers and furan/aniline copolymers using a combinatorial method. The polymerization yield, molecular structure, and properties of the polymers would be optimized against typical polymerization parameters, including oxidant species, medium species, temperature, oxidant/monomer ratio, monomer concentration, dopant concentration, and furan/aniline comonomer ratio. The electrical conductivity, lead ion adsorptivity, chemical resistance, and thermal behavior of the polymers were also elaborated. It is found that only a combination of FeCl(3) and nitromethane as oxidant and medium, respectively, is appropriate for the furan homopolymerization. The homopolymerization yield increases consistently with an increase in the monomer concentration from 0.05 to 0.2 M and the FeCl(3)/furan molar ratio from 0.25 to 1.25. Although the as-prepared polyfuran exhibits very low conductivity, down to 10(-11) S cm(-1), the HCl- and HClO(4)-doped polyfurans possess much higher conductivities of 9.2 x 10(-8) and 2.38 x 10(-5) S cm(-1), respectively. In addition, the conductivity of the furan/aniline copolymer rises steadily with increasing aniline content, although the copolymerization yield shows a minimum at the furan/aniline molar ratio of 60/40, which is evidence of the occurrence of a real copolymerization between the furan and aniline monomers. The difficulty of synthesizing conducting polyfuran could be overcome to some extent by the polymerization in an appropriate condition optimized in this study. Particularly, the difficulty of synthesizing poly(furan-co-aniline) having much higher conductivity than the polyfuran would be largely conquered by chemical oxidative copolymerization of furan with aniline. 相似文献
17.
Wu H Du LM 《Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy》2007,67(3-4):976-979
The molecular interactions between aniline, p-toluidines, benzidine and p-phenylenediamine as electron donors and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) as acceptor have been investigated by spectrophotometric method. Different variables affecting the reaction were studies and optimized. At the optimum reaction conditions Beer's law was obeyed in a concentration limit of 0.6-3.0, 0.3-3.0, 0.3-3.0 and 0.3-2.7 microg ml(-1) for aniline, p-toluidines, benzidine and p-phenylenediamine. The developed methods were applied successfully for the determination of the studied compounds in waste water and relative standard deviation of the methods were 0.8-3.0%. Percentage recoveries ranged from 97.22% to 102.78%. 相似文献
18.
19.
Trissa Joseph G.V. Shanbhag D.P. Sawant S.B. Halligudi 《Journal of molecular catalysis. A, Chemical》2006,250(1-2):210-217
The catalytic activity of montmorillonite clays as a catalyst for the hydroamination of α,β-ethylenic compounds with amines was tested. Aniline and substituted anilines reacted with α,β-ethylenic compounds in the presence of catalytic amount of commercially available clay to afford exclusively anti-Markovnikov adduct in excellent yields. Aniline reacted with ethyl acrylate to yield only anti-Markovnikov adduct N-[2-(ethoxycarbonyl)ethyl]aniline (mono-addition product). No Markovnikov adduct (N-[1-(ethoxycarbonyl)ethyl]aniline and double addition product N,N-bis[2-(ethoxycarbonyl)ethyl]aniline were formed under selected reaction conditions. For a better exploitation of the catalytic activity in terms of increased activity and improved selectivity for the mono-addition product, the reaction parameters were optimized in terms of temperature, solvent, reactant mole ratio. Under optimized reaction conditions, montmorillonite clay K-10 showed a superior catalytic performance in the hydroamination of ethyl acrylate with aniline with a conversion of aniline to mono-addition product (almost 100% chemoselectivity) with a high rate constant 0.3414 min−1 compared to the reported protocols. The dependence of conversion of aniline over different types of montmorillonite clays (K-10, K-20, K-30, Al-Pillared clay and untreated clay) has also been discussed. The activities of clay for the hydroamination of different aromatic and aliphatic amines have also been investigated. Under harsh reaction conditions (increased temperature and long reaction time) small amounts of di-addition products were observed. The kinetics data has been interpreted using the initial rate approach model. 相似文献
20.
闭路循环动态针捕集-气相色谱法分析地下水中的硝基苯和苯胺 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
动态针捕集(Needle trap,NT)是一种集采样、提取、浓缩、进样于一体的免溶剂分析技术,适于痕量有机目标组分的采样分析.本研究通过对比6种采样技术,研究了基于超声的闭路循环动态顶空-NT分析地下水中的硝基苯及苯胺的方法,确定了NT对地下水目标物顶空采样的最佳条件;通过对比GC普通分流/不分流进样口和一种多模式OPTIC2进样口,优化NT的解吸条件,得出的OPTIC2进样口对目标物响应值高且峰形尖锐.填充一层吸附剂的NT对目标物的残留低于0.79%,苯胺的检出限为2.9~3.7μg/L,硝基苯的检出限为0.7~1.9 μg/L.苯胺和硝基苯的回收率在83%~113%之间. 相似文献