2，6－二氨基吡啶与苦基氯的反应历程研究

对２，６－二氨基吡啶与苦基氯的反应历程进行了研究。通过二氨基吡啶与几种多硝基卤代苯的反应、溶剂效应、ＮａＦ的促进作用和紫外光谱吸收，证实该反应属于芳香族亲核取代反应类型，按加成－消除历程进行，反应过渡态涉及一个Ｍｃｉｓｅｎｈｅｉｍｅｒ络合物。     

2,6—双（1′—苯基—3′—甲基—5′—氧代—4′—甲酰吡唑）吡啶稀土配合物的合成

在乙醇－水溶液中合成了１４种２，６－双（１′－苯基－３′－甲基－５′－氧代－４′－甲酰吡啶）吡啶稀土配合物，元素分析确定其化学组成的ＲＥ２Ｌ３．ｎＨ２Ｏ并用紫外可见光谱、红外光谱，核磁共振谱，热分析，荧光光谱，摩尔电导等进行了表征。     

五种含氨基和吡啶基功能性聚合物对Ir（IV）,Ru（IV）的吸附行为

五种含氨基及吡啶基功能性聚合物，２，６－二氨基吡啶树脂（ＤＡＰＲ），２－氨基甲基吡啶树脂（２－ＡＭＰＲ），２－氨基吡啶树脂（２－ＡＰＲ），３－氨基吡啶树脂（３－ＡＰＲ），４－氨基吡啶树脂（４－ＡＰＲ）对Ｉｒ（Ⅳ）和Ｒｕ（Ⅳ）的最佳吸附酸度均为０．１ｍｏｌＨＣｌ／Ｌ，对Ｉｒ（Ⅳ）的吸附容量分别为１２００、７８６、４８０、５００和３８１ｍｇＩｒ（Ⅳ）／ｇ树脂，其吸附摩尔比（离子／功能基）分别为２．１１     

2,6—二烷基吡啶类化合物的合成

在金属的钠的作用下，通过２，６－二甲基吡啶侧链的烃基化合反应，合成了９个新的２，６－二烷基吡啶化合物，化合物的结构经元素分析，ＭＳ，ＩＲ，＾１ＨＮＭＲ及ＵＶ分析确证。     

含2-氯-5-吡啶甲基的双氰基取代乙烯酮缩胺类化合物的合成及生物活性

新烟碱类杀虫剂由于具有高效、低毒、无交互抗性和内吸性等特点,成为杀虫剂领域新的研究热点［１］．本文以Ｎｉｔｅｎｐｙｒａｍ为母体,首次合成了２－氰基－３－（２－氯－５－吡啶甲氨基）－３－甲硫基丙烯腈（９）,并以其为中间体合成了１９个双氰基取代的含２－氯...     

2，6－二烷基吡啶类化合物的合成

在金属钠的作用下，通过２，６－二甲基吡啶侧链的烃基化反应，合成了９个新的２，６－二烷基吡啶化合物。化合物的结构经元素分析、ＭＳ、ＩＲ、１ＨＮＭＲ及ＵＶ分析确证     

3－氨甲基吡啶树脂的合成及五种氨基吡啶树脂对金铂吸附性的比较

研究了反应物配料比３－ＡＭＰ／Ｃｌ（摩尔比）、反应温度与时间对大孔型３－氨甲基吡啶树脂（３—ＡＭＰＲ）性能的影响规律．在最佳合成工艺条件下制得３－ＡＭＰＲ的功能基含量为３．１６ｍｍｏｌ／ｇ树脂．３－ＡＭＰＲ对ＡｕＣｌ６（２－），ＰｔＣｌ６（２－），ＩｒＣｌ６（２－），ＰｄＣｌ４（２－），ＲｈＣｌ６（３－）的吸附容量分别为８００．８，３８７．８，３８６．３，１３３．０，１０５．５ｍｇ金属／ｇ树脂；配位比分别为１．２９，０．６３，０．６４，０．４０，０．３３。比较了３—ＡＭＰＲ、２－ＡＭＰＲ、４－氨基吡啶树脂（４－ＡＰＫ）、３—ＡＰＲ、２－ＡＰＲ五种树脂对ＡｕＣｌ４－、ＰｔＣｌ６（２－）的吸附性，其中３－ＡＭＰＲ为最佳。     

2，6－双（1′－苯基－3′－甲基－5′－氧代－4′－甲酰吡唑）吡啶稀土配合物的合成与表征

在乙醇－水溶液中合成了１４种２，６－双（１′－苯基－３′－甲基－５＇－氧代－４＇－甲酰吡唑）吡啶稀土配合物。元素分析确定其化学组成为ＲＥ＿２Ｌ＿３·ｎＨ＿２Ｏ，并用紫外可见光谱、红外光谱、核磁共振谱、热分析、荧光光谱、摩尔电导等进行了表征。     

桥链中含氮,硫杂原子的二酰胺型开链冠醚的合成

合成了四类桥链中含氮、硫杂原子的二酰胺型开链冠醚，目的是以之作为碱土金属、过渡金属和重金属离子的载体。１ａ～１ｃ和２ａ～２ｃ显将Ｎ，Ｎ－双（２－羟乙基）苯胺和２，６－双（羟甲基）吡啶分别在ＴＨＦ中与ＮａＨ和Ｎ－取代和Ｎ，Ｎ－二取代氯乙酰胺反应而制得；而３ａ～３ｂ和４ａ～４ｂ则是将２，６－双（氯甲基）吡啶和２，５－双（氯甲基）噻吩分别与巯基乙酸在碱溶液中反应制成双（亚甲硫乙酸），然后与ＳＯＣｌ＿２反应成二酰氯，最后胺化而成二酰胺。各化合物的结构均由元素分析、ＩＲ、￣１ＨＮＭＲ和ＭＳ所确证。     

3－苯基－5－取代苯氨基－6－甲基－1，2，4－三嗪的合成

３－苯基－５－取代苯氨基－６－甲基－１，２，４－三嗪的合成陆忠娥，曾润生，席海涛（苏州大学化学系，苏州，２１５００６）关键词硫代苯甲酰胺，α－乙酰基硫代甲酰苯胺，Ｎ＇－氨基苯甲脒，３－苯基－５－取代苯氨基－６－甲基－１，２，４－三嗪１，２，４－三嗪类...     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。