原子吸收光谱法测定气样中的一氧化碳的研究

本文研究了用自制Ｎｉ（ＣＯ）４发生管和电加热石英管原子化器间接接测定一氧化碳的条件，探讨了Ｎｉ（ＣＯ）４的产生和在石英管中原子化效率及干扰消除。     

ABO_3，A_2BO_4型复合氧化物催化剂用于CO，CH_4，NH_3完全氧

本文探讨了ＣＯ，ＣＨ＿４和ＮＨ＿３在ＬａＮｉＯ＿３，Ｌａ＿２ＮｉＯ＿４和ＬａＳｒＮｉＯ＿４三个催化剂上的氧化行为，并得出结论：对于ＣＯ氧化，关键步骤在于ＣＯ在催化剂表面上的络合活化。Ｎｉ￣（３＋）含量越高，越利于ＣＯ的络合活化。对于氨氧化，催化反应遵循氧化－还原机理。Ｎｉ￣（３＋）是主要的活性离子，晶格氧是主要活性氧种。对于ＣＨ＿４氧化，催化机理较复杂，只是发现Ａ＿２ＢＯ＿４型氧化物（Ｌａ＿２ＮｉＯ＿４，ＬａＳｒＮｉＯ＿４）比ＡＢＯ＿３型氧化物（ＬａＮｉＯ＿３）较利于ＣＨ＿４的氧化。     

BNiAl_2O_3催化剂上用脉冲反应研究CO_2的活化及其与CH_4的反应(英文)

用脉冲微反应系统研究了１０２３Ｋ下，ＣＯ２在Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３上的裂解及其与ＣＨ４的反应，发现ＣＯ２裂解吸附产生Ｏ（ａｄ）和ＣＯ，该反应步骤较慢。产生的ＣＯ会进一步在Ｎｉ表面裂解，而由ＣＨ４裂解产生的活性碳物种与Ｏ（ａｄ）的反应是一较快步骤。     

ABO3,A2BO4型复合氧化物催化剂用于CO,CH4,NH3完全氧化的比较

本文探讨了ＣＯ，ＣＨ４和ＮＨ３在ＬａＮｉＯ３，Ｌａ２ＮｉＯ４和ＬａＳｒＮｉＯ４三个催化剂上的氧化行为，并得出结论：对于ＣＯ氧化，关键步骤在于ＣＯ在催化剂表面上的络合活化。Ｎｉ＾３＋含量越高，越利于ＣＯ的络合活化。对于氨氧化，催化反应遵循氧化－还原机理。Ｎｉ＾３＋是主要的活性离子，晶格氧是主要活性氧种。对于ＣＨ４氧化，催化机理较复杂，只是发现Ａ２ＢＯ４型氧化物（Ｌａ２ＮｉＯ４，ＬａＳｒＮｉＯ４）比Ａ     

具有非正规自旋态的氮氧自由基桥联双镍配合物的合成,…

合成了４种氮氧自由基桥联的五氟丙酸镍双核配合物［Ｎｉ（ｐｒｐｒ）２］２ＮＩＴＲ．ｎＨ２Ｏ对该配合物进行了元素分析和热重－热分析，测定了红外光谱、紫外－可见光谱、电子顺磁共振和摩尔导，讨论了配合物的结构，测量了［Ｎｉ（ｐｆｐｒ）２］ＺＮＩＴｐｈＣｌ．４Ｈ２Ｏ和［Ｎｉ（ｐｆｐｒ）２］ＺＮＩＴＰｈＯＭｅ．４Ｈ２Ｏ的变温磁化率（４－３００Ｋ），表明配合物具有非正规自旋态的Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）－Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）三核体系的地     

两种具有氢键网络的Ni（Ⅱ）—咪唑配合物的晶体结构和磁性

合成了两种配合物晶体「Ｎｉ（ｉｍ）６」（ＮＯ）３（ＯＨ）（Ｈ２Ｏ）４（Ⅰ）和「Ｎｉ（ｉｍ）４（Ｈ２Ｏ）２」「Ｃ６Ｈ４（ＣＯＯ）２」（（ｉｍ＝Ｃ３Ｈ４Ｎ２）。晶体结构测定表明,晶体（Ⅰ）晶体六方晶系,空间群Ｐ６３／ｍ,ａ＝０．８９９５（１０）ｎｍ,ｃ＝２．１００２（４）ｎｍ,Ｖ＝１．４６８５（４）ｎｍ＾３,Ｚ＝２,Ｒ＝０．０４３,ＲＷ＝０．０４５。晶体（Ⅱ）属单斜晶系,空间群Ｃ２／ｃ,ａ＝２．２２０     

CO在Ni／TiO2上的吸附成键及活化解离的量子化学研究

用ＳＣＣ－ＤＶ－Ｘ_α方法模拟研究了Ｎｉ／ＴｉＯ_２催化体系及ＣＯ在该体系上的吸附，结果表明，Ｎｉ沿金红石（１１０）面接近ＴｉＯ_３时，体系在Ｎｉ—Ｏ距离为０．１８ｎｍ处能量最低，这与实验结果一致。负载后的Ｎｉ与ＴｉＯ_２之间有较强的电子效应。金红石的中心Ｔｉ原子对体系催化性能无明显直接影响，但表面上与同Ｎｉ相联的Ｏ直接键合的Ｔｉ参与了金属→ＣＯ电子反馈作用，从而影响体系的催化性能。ＣＯ吸附于Ｎｉ／ＴｉＯ_２后，σ轨道失去电荷，π轨道得到电荷，但π轨道得到的电荷量大于σ轨道失去的电荷量，因此，ＣＯ的活化主要是通过催化体系的反馈作用完成的。△（１π—４σ）和△（５σ—４σ）更能体现ＣＯ的吸附强度。ＣＯ／Ｎｉ／ＴｉＯ_２中Ｃ—Ｎｉ相互作用比Ｎｉ原子簇及Ｎｉ／Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３吸附ＣＯ后的Ｃ—Ｎｉ作用要弱一些，因而催化活性更好。     

乙烯催化加氢反应机理的理论分析

用前线轨道理论、催化理论对乙烯催化加氢反应机理进行了分析，可以得出：在此反应中，有下列反应机理存在：在一些教材和文献中，对乙烯催化加氢反应机理一般用下列方法解释［１］（如图１）：但据催化理论，Ｃ２Ｈ４、ＣＯ、Ｈ２三种气体在金属Ｎｉ上的化学吸附强度顺序是Ｃ２Ｈ４＞ＣＯ＞Ｈ２［２］。这是由于Ｃ２Ｈ４与金属Ｎｉ形成较强的σ－π反馈键［３］（如图２）：从ＣＯ在Ｊ１０５Ｎｉ催化下的加氢反应，可知ＣＯ的吸附主要为不可逆吸附（此反应机理为被Ｎｉ吸附的ＣＯ受到Ｈ－Ｈ基团的进攻，造成Ｃ－Ｏ键的断裂，生成ＣＨ４＋Ｈ２Ｏ）［４］。由于Ｎｉ对Ｃ２Ｈ４的吸附较ＣＯ强，从而推断出Ｎｉ对Ｃ２Ｈ４，的吸附亦是不可逆的。若按上述机理进行反应，则必然导致局部不可逆中毒，使反应难以进行，或进行得相当缓慢。但这样的推论与实验结果不符，相反，在一定条件下，此反应进行得相当迅速。为此，我们断定，必然存在一个能使Ｃ２Ｈ４解吸的反应步骤，这个反应如图３。因此，我们认为，在乙烯催化加氢反应中，有两种反应机理同时存在，它们是：１．Ｈ２被Ｎｉ吸附，分裂为氢原子，附着在Ｎｉ晶体表面，因自由原子不受对称效应的制约［５］，故可与Ｃ２Ｈ４发生反应。２．Ｃ２Ｈ４被Ｎｉ吸     

非晶态Ni（Co）－B合金作催化材料的研究

用化学法制备了非晶态合金催化剂Ｎｉ－Ｂ和Ｎｉ－Ｃｏ－Ｂ。ＩＣＰ方法测得其组成分别为Ｎｉ_（９３）Ｂ_７和Ｎｉ_（７２）Ｃｏ_（２０）Ｂ_８。经ＸＲＤ、ＤＳＣ及ＴＥＭ鉴定所制合金为非晶态。通过考察氧化处理温度对ＣＯ加氢反应的活性及反应稳定性的影响后发现，ＮｉＢ的活性及稳定性均高于ＮｉＣｏＢ。在高真空程序升温脱附及反应装置上研究了Ｈ_２和ＣＯ的反应，认为其反应机理可能为：吸附的ＣＯ解离为表面反应的控制步骤，解离态的Ｃ和原子氧分别与ＣＯ、Ｈ_２等反应生成产物ＣＯ_２、ＣＨ_４和Ｈ_２Ｏ。     

Quasi－aromaticity in Cluster Chemistry Ⅱ． Localized Molecular Orbital Studies on 〔Co_6（CO）_（14）〕~（4－） and 〔Ni_2Co_4（CO）_（14）〕~（2－） Cluster Anions

Ｑｕａｓｉ－ａｒｏｍａｔｉｃｉｔｙｉｎＣｌｕｓｔｅｒＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙⅡ．ＬｏｃａｌｉｚｅｄＭｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒＯｒｂｉｔａｌＳｔｕｄｉｅｓｏｎ〔Ｃｏ_６（ＣＯ）_（１４）〕~（４－）ａｎｄ〔Ｎｉ_２Ｃｏ_４（ＣＯ）_（１４）〕~（２－）ＣｌｕｓｔｅｒＡｎｉ?..     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.