笼形聚偕胺肟树脂的研究HX／ACAO树脂吸附贵金属

氢卤酸、硝酸、硫酸、磷酸和硼酸处理的笼形聚偕胺肟树脂（ＨＸ／Ａ－ＣＡＯ）对Ａｇ＋和等贵金属离子的吸附能力按如下顺序：ＰｄＣｌ４２－：Ｈ３ＢＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＢＣＡＯ＞Ｈ３ＰＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＩ／ＡＣＡＯ＞Ｈ２ＳＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＣｌ／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＮＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＦ／ＡＣＡＯ．ＩｒＣｌ６２－：ＢＣＡＯ＞Ｈ３ＰＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞Ｈ３ＢＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＣｌ／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＦ／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＩ／ＡＣＡＯ＞Ｈ２ＳＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ≥ＨＮＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ．ＰｔＣｌ６２：ＢＣＡＯ＞Ｈ３ＢＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ＞Ｈ２ＳＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＮＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＣｌ／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＦ／ＡＣＡＯ＞Ｈ３ＰＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＩ／ＡＣＡＯ．Ａｇ＋：ＢＣＡＯ＞Ｈ３ＢＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＩ／ＡＣＡＯ＞Ｈ２ＳＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＦ／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＣｌ／ＡＣＡＯ＞Ｈ３ＰＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＮＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ．ＡｕＣｌ４－：ＢＣＡＯ＞Ｈ３ＢＯ３＞Ｈ３ＰＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＦ／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＣｌ／Ａ－ＣＡＯ＞Ｈ２ＳＯ４／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＩ／ＡＣＡＯ＞ＨＮＯ３／Ａ－ＣＡＯ．研究了Ｈ３ＢＯ３／ＡＣＡＯ树脂对Ａｇ＋和离子的吸附动力学，讨论了吸附机理．     

聚苯胺修饰电极上抗坏血酸与多巴安胺氧化峰的分离

本文介绍了一种分离抗坏血酸（ＡＡ）和多巴胺（ＤＡ）氧化峰的新方法。聚苯胺（ＰＡ）ＡＡ和ＤＡ有不同的催化性。因而在ＰＡ修饰电极上，ＡＡ和ＤＡ在不同的电位被氧化，从而解决了二者氧化峰不能分离的问题。实验表明，在ＰＡ膜电极上，ＡＡ和ＤＡ氧化峰可分开约１４０ｍＶ。     

聚(丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸)/聚(丙烯酰胺-二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵)聚电解质复合溶液动态光散射研究

通过动态光散射、粘度和透光率测定，研究了聚（丙烯酰胺 丙烯酸）［Ｐ（ＡＭ ＡＡ）］／聚（丙烯酰胺 二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵）［Ｐ（ＡＭ ＤＭＤＡＡＣ）］聚电解质复合溶液的结构和性能．结果表明，Ｐ（ＡＭ ＡＡ）与Ｐ（ＡＭ ＤＭＤＡＡＣ）复合比、溶液浓度和氯化钠用量影响溶液中复合物的构象和流体力学半径．Ｐ（ＡＭ ＡＡ）与Ｐ（ＡＭ ＤＭＤＡＡＣ）分子链间适度的库仑相互作用，可形成均相Ｐ（ＡＭ ＡＡ）／Ｐ（ＡＭ ＤＭＤＡＡＣ）聚电解质复合溶液，复合物具有较伸展的构象和较大的流体力学半径，因而溶液粘度较高．Ｐ（ＡＭ ＡＡ）与Ｐ（ＡＭ ＤＭＤＡＡＣ）分子链间过强的库仑相互作用或小分子电解质的屏蔽作用，可使复合物构象卷曲，结构紧缩，流体力学半径减小，甚至产生相分离，导致溶液粘度降低．     

THE PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZnO-Ag CORE-SHELL ULTRAFINE PARTICLE

ＴＨＥ　ＰＲＥＰＡＲＡＴＩＯＮ　ＡＮＤ　ＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＺＡＴＩＯＮ　ＯＦ　ＺｎＯ－Ａｇ　ＣＯＲＥ－ＳＨＥＬＬ　ＵＬＴＲＡＦＩＮＥ　ＰＡＲＴＩＣＬＥＴＨＥＰＲＥＰＡＲＡＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＺＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＺｎＯ－ＡｇＣＯＲＥ－ＳＨＥ...     

SALVIAFLASIDE AND SALVIAFLASIDE METHYL ESTER TWO NEW DEPSIDIC GLYCOSIDES FROM SALVIA FLAVA

ＳＡＬＶＩＡＦＬＡＳＩＤＥＡＮＤＳＡＬＶＩＡＦＬＡＳＩＤＥＭＥＴＨＹＬＥＳＴＥＲＴＷＯＮＥＷＤＥＰＳＩＤＩＣＧＬＹＣＯＳＩＤＥＳＦＲＯＭＳＡＬＶＩＡＦＬＡＶＡ￥ＬｉＭｉｎＡＨＡＯ；ＷｅｎＹｉＨＥ；ＸｉａｏＴｉａｎＬＩＡＮＧａｎｄＬｉａｎＮｉａｎｇＬＩ...     

聚（丙烯酰胺—丙烯酸）／聚（丙烯酰胺—二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵）聚电解质复…

通过动态光散射、粘度和透光率测定，研究了聚（丙烯酰胺－丙烯酸）［Ｐ（ＡＭ－ＡＡ）］／聚（丙烯酰胺－二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵）［Ｐ（ＡＭ－ＤＭＤＡＡＣ）］聚电解质复合溶液的结构和性能。结果表明，Ｐ（ＡＭ－ＡＡ）与Ｐ（ＡＭ－ＤＭＤＡＡＣ）复合比、溶液浓度和氯化钠用量影响溶液中复合物的构象和流体力学半径。Ｐ（ＡＭ－ＡＡ）与Ｐ（ＡＭ－ＤＭＤＡＡＣ）分子链间适度的库仑相互作用，可形成均相Ｐ（ＡＭ－ＡＡ）／Ｐ（Ａ     

植物生长激素的毛细管胶束电动色谱法分离

以高效毛细管胶束电动色谱法对赤霉素（ＧＡ）、脱落酸（ＡＢＡ）、吲哚丁酸（ＩＢＡ）、吲哚乙酸（ＩＡＡ）、萘乙酸（ＮＡＡ）等植物生长激素的分离和测定进行了研究。考察了各种操作参数及有机添加剂对分离的影响,得到良好的分离结果。对各组分进行了定量测定研究,ＡＢＡ、ＧＡ、ＩＢＡ、ＩＡＡ及ＮＡＡ的最低检测浓度依次为５．０,３．０,０．５８,０．１５,０．１４ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

APPLICATION OF WAXD AND SAXS TO STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF PA1010+BMI

ＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮ　ＯＦ　ＷＡＸＤ　ＡＮＤ　ＳＡＸＳ　ＴＯ　ＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＡＬ　ＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳ　ＯＦ　ＰＡ１０１０＋ＢＭＩＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＷＡＸＤＡＮＤＳＡＸＳＴＯＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＡＬＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＦＰＡ１０１０＋ＢＭＩ￥Ｈｏｎ...     

QUATERNARY AMMONIUM HALIDE－HYDROGEN HALIDE COMPLEX：A NEW CATALYST IN THE CLEAVAGE AND ESTERIFICATION OF BENZYL ALKYL ETHERS WITH CARBOXYLIC ACIDS UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

ＱＵＡＴＥＲＮＡＲＹＡＭＭＯＮＩＵＭＨＡＬＩＤＥ－ＨＹＤＲＯＧＥＮＨＡＬＩＤＥＣＯＭＰＬＥＸ：ＡＮＥＷＣＡＴＡＬＹＳＴＩＮＴＨＥＣＬＥＡＶＡＧＥＡＮＤＥＳＴＥＲＩＦＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＢＥＮＺＹＬＡＬＫＹＬＥＴＨＥＲＳＷＩＴＨＣＡＲＢＯＸＹＬＩＣＡＣＩ...     

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATON OF MICROPOROUS CATALYTIC MATERIALS WITH NARROW PORE DISTRIBUTION AND HIGHLY DISPERSED PALLADIUM

ＰＲＥＰＡＲＡＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＺＡＴＯＮＯＦＭＩＣＲＯＰＯＲＯＵＳＣＡＴＡＬＹＴＩＣＭＡＴＥＲＩＡＬＳＷＩＴＨＮＡＲＲＯＷＰＯＲＥＤＩＳＴＲＩＢＵＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＨＩＧＨＬＹＤＩＳＰＥＲＳＥＤＰＡＬＬＡＤＩＵＭ￥ＡｎＷｕＬｉ；ＧｕｏＸ...     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

解决能源问题的新途径——光解水制氢的研究

面对日益枯竭的能源危机,氢能是一种洁净、最有前景的替代能源。目前在各种制氢的方法中光催化分解水制氢的研究最多,光解水过程中催化剂最关键,本文对利用太阳能光解水的途径、提高光催化反应效率以及光催化剂的开发研究进行了综述。     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

化学单元教学设计的探索

论述了单元教学是落实化学新课程三维目标的基本教学过程,同时对教学单元的含义、教学单元的选择与建构、化学单元教学设计及其意义进行了阐述。     

Thermodynamics of the formation of oxosulfides of rare-earth elements

The enthalpies of solution of several oxosulfides of rare-earth elements and the high-temperature enthalpies of oxosulfides and oxosulfates of lanthanum and yttrium were measured using solution calorimetry and high-temperature microcalorimetry techniques. Standard enthalpies of formation and some thermodynamic properties of oxosulfides and oxosulfates were calculated. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2 pp. 294–297, February, 1997.     

NiY分子筛表面酸性影响其选择性吸附脱硫性能的机理研究

采用原位红外光谱技术,以噻吩、环己烯和苯为模型探针分子,分别考察单一烃分子在NiY分子筛上的吸附与反应行为以及噻吩与烯烃、芳烃间的竞争吸附和催化反应行为。单一探针分子吸附研究发现,NiY分子筛中与Ni物种相关的Lewis(L)酸位是噻吩的选择性吸附活性位;噻吩和环己烯在NiY分子筛中Brnsted(B)酸位上发生的质子化和低聚反应明显弱于HY分子筛。双探针分子竞争吸附研究发现,环己烯二聚体在NiY中强B酸位上的强化学吸附与噻吩存在显著的竞争吸附行为。另外,苯和噻吩在NiY上的竞争吸附现象在373K时明显减弱。由此,在选择性吸附脱硫过程中,减少吸附剂表面B酸中心可降低烯烃对噻吩的竞争吸附,另外适当提高吸附体系的温度可以有效避免芳烃对噻吩的竞争吸附。     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

黄酮化合物的合成研究进展

黄酮化合物是一类具有多种生物活性的天然产物,其经典的合成方法主要为查耳酮路线和β-丙二酮路线.近年来出现了许多新技术、新方法.本文介绍了2'-羟基查尔酮的氧化关环法、黄烷酮氧化法、改进的Baker-Venkataraman法及其他合成黄酮化合物的方法.