Supermode-noise-free eighth-order femtosecond soliton from a backward dark-optical-comb-injection mode-locked semiconductor optical amplifier fiber laser

A backward dark-optical-comb-injection mode-locked semiconductor optical amplifier fiber laser (SOAFL) with a femtosecond pulse width and an ultrahigh supermode-noise suppressing ratio (SMSR) is primarily demonstrated. The mode-locked SOAFL pulse with a spectral linewidth of 0.45 nm is shortened from 15 to 8.6 ps under chirp compensation in a 420 m long dispersion-compensated fiber, corresponding to a time-bandwidth product of 0.48. The eighth-order soliton is obtained by the nonlinearly soliton's compression of the chirp-compensated SOAFL pulse in a 112 m long single-mode fiber at an input peak power of 51 W, providing the pulse width, the linewidth, and the nearly transform-limited time-bandwidth product are <200 fs, 13.8 nm, and 0.34, respectively. The phase noise and integrated timing jitter at an offset frequency below 1 MHz are -105 dBc/Hz and 0.8 ps, respectively. An ultrahigh pulse-compression ratio of 43 and a SMSR of 87 dB for the eighth-order SOAFL soliton are reported.     

色散管理掺铥光纤激光器高能量脉冲的产生

设计了一种基于色散管理的掺铥光纤激光器。通过调节泵浦功率以及腔内偏振态，首先实现了稳定的展宽脉冲输出，中心波长和脉冲宽度分别为1 939.4 nm和482 fs。最大输出功率为15 mW，对应的单脉冲能量为0.52 nJ。增加泵浦功率到645 mW时，通过适当调节偏振控制器可以实现类噪声脉冲锁模，中心波长为1 940.1 nm。所实现的锁模脉冲具有飞秒量级的尖峰以及皮秒量级的基底。最大输出功率为20.4 mW，相对应的单脉冲能量为0.7 nJ。相比于传统孤子，采用色散管理所实现的锁模脉冲具有更高的脉冲能量。此外，所设计的掺铥光纤激光器可作为理想的主振荡功率放大以及啁啾脉冲放大结构的种子源，进一步提高脉冲能量，拓展2 μm高能光纤激光器的实际应用。     

Dual picosecond dye lasers synchronously pumped by a mode locked cw yag laser

The performance of a novel dual dye laser system synchronously pumped by the frequency doubled output of a mode-locked CW-YAG laser is evaluated in relation to pulsewidth, pulse substructure, pulse spectral width and timing jitter. The behavior of the system is adequately described by a theoretical model which includes the time dependent gain and losses due to frequency bandwidth, cavity length mismatch and output coupler. The jitter is significantly reduced from that obtained with CW gas laser pumping as a result of the shorter pump pulse (50 ns instead of ≈100 ps). A routine operating condition uses 2-plate birefringen filters, 0.8 W pump power at 532 nm, to yield two 2.0 ps pulses having a cross correlation width of 3.8 ps, and 30 mW average power from each laser.     

980-nm all-fiber mode-locked Yb-doped phosphate fiber oscillator based on semiconductor saturable absorber mirror and its amplifier

A 980-nm semiconductor saturable absorber mirror(SESAM) mode-locked Yb-doped phosphate fiber laser is demonstrated by using an all-fiber linear cavity configuration. Two different kinds of cavity lengths are introduced into the oscillator to obtain a robust and stable mode-locked seed source. When the cavity length is chosen to be 6 m, the oscillator generates an average output power of 3.5 m W and a pulse width of 76.27 ps with a repetition rate of 17.08 MHz. As the cavity length is optimized to short, 4.4-m W maximum output power and 61.15-ps pulse width are produced at a repetition rate of 20.96 MHz. The output spectrum is centered at 980 nm with a narrow spectral bandwidth of 0.13 nm. In the experiment, no undesired amplified spontaneous emission(ASE) nor harmful oscillation around 1030 nm is observed. Moreover,through a two-stage all-fiber-integrated amplifier, an output power of 740 m W is generated with a pulse width of 200 ps.     

Investigations on order and width of RZ super Gaussian pulse in pre-, post- and symmetrical-dispersion compensated 10 Gb/s optical communication system using standard and dispersion compensating fibers

We show the effect of varied order and width of super Gaussian pulse at 10 Gb/s in dispersion compensated optical communication system. The optical communication system consists of standard single-mode fiber of 16 ps/nm/km of a certain length, whose dispersion is compensated using pre-, post- and symmetrical-dispersion compensation schemes with proportionate length dispersion compensating fiber of −80 ps/nm/km. Performance of these three compensation schemes is compared at 14 dBm values of Er-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) power at 1st, 2nd and 3rd order RZ super Gaussian optical pulse. The pulse width, full width at half maximum (FWHM) is also varied from 5 to 30 ps to highlight the optimum performance. The graphical results obtained show a relationship among the attributes pulse width, order of RZ super Gaussian optical pulse and dispersion compensation scheme implemented. It shows that to decrease BER and timing jitter in the system, smaller width and 3rd order super Gaussian pulse should be used. It is recommended that to decrease dependency of BER and timing jitter in the communication system on the pulse width i.e. FWHM, the symmetrical compensation scheme should be implemented.     

High repetition rate all-normal dispersion Yb:fiber laser for minimum pulses

Simulation and experimental results for high repetition rate all-normal dispersion Yb:fiber ring lasers are demonstrated for the cavity dispersion from 0.01 to 0.025 ps 2 .The simulation shows that the pulse spectrum has the potential to reach>30 nm for the dispersion of 0.014 ps 2 under practical pump power. This potential is proved by the experiment.Maximum spectral width of 30 nm is achieved at the repetition rate of 285 MHz under the 850-mW pump power.Average output power is 550 mW and dechirped pulse is 78 fs.     

Wavelength tunable ultra-short pulses based on a flat broadband spectrum generated in a nonlinear ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier

We present a nonlinear ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier based on enhanced nonlinear effects that can produce a flat broadband spectrum ranging from 1050–1225 nm with a maximum average output power of 7.8 W at 14 W pump power.Its repetition rate is 89 MHz. Using a pair of gratings and two knife edges as a filter, wavelength tunable picosecond pulses of tens to hundreds of milliwatts can be obtained in the broadband spectrum range. The output power, pulse width, and spectrum(center wavelength and linewidth) are adjusted by tuning the distance of the grating pair and/or the knife edges.Fixing the distance between the two gratings at 15 mm and keeping the output spectrum linewidth at approximately 20 nm,the shortest pulse width obtained is less than 1 ps centered at 1080 nm. The longest wavelength of the short pulses is around1200 nm, and its output power and pulse width are 40 m W and 5.79 ps, respectively. The generation of a flat broadband spectrum is also discussed in this paper.     

全光纤高功率被动锁模掺铥光纤激光器

利用非线性光环形镜(NOLM)的可饱和吸收特性实现了可自启动的2μm全光纤高能量被动锁模掺铥光纤激光器。当泵浦功率大于3W时,激光器工作在连续或不稳定脉冲运转状态;泵浦功率达到4.69W后,输出为自启动锁模脉冲,重复频率4.26MHz,中心波长2 061.5nm,光谱半极大宽度18.1nm,平均输出功率8.8mW;继续增加泵浦功率到最大值7.56W,可以得到中心波长2 062.2nm、光谱半极大宽度17.1nm、斜率效率为6.2%、脉冲宽度和能量分别为424fs和65.6nJ的稳定锁模脉冲。这是目前已报道的在未经放大情况下脉冲能量最高的2μm锁模脉冲光纤激光器。     

超低阈值Q调制，锁模Yb3+光纤环形腔激光器

 在一种掺镱（Yb³⁺）光纤锁模激光器中。谐振腔采用近“8”字形环形结构，并巧妙地引入半导体可饱和吸收镜（SESAM），腔内引入起偏器和偏振控制器，利用非线性偏振旋转的被动锁模机理，结合SESAM慢可饱和吸收体的自启动作用，在极低的泵浦功率下，实现了稳定的调Q脉冲输出和锁模输出。当泵浦功率为18 mW时，调Q脉冲重复频率为16 kHz，脉冲宽度4 μs，光谱宽度为2.34 nm。当泵浦功率为60 mW时，实现了激光器连续锁模，输出功率8 mW，重复频率20 MHz，光谱宽度3.54 nm，脉宽在ps和亚ps量级，而且在调整偏振控制器的角度时，观察到了波长的调谐现象，调谐范围为1 028~1 530 nm。     

掺镱光纤激光器自脉冲与自脉冲内的自锁模研究

采用单端连续抽运方式, 对自由运转的双包层掺镱光纤激光器的输出特性进行了详细的实验研究. 实验中不但观察到了自脉冲, 而且首次在自由运转的光纤激光器中观察到自锁模现象, 对它们产生的物理机理进行了相应的理论分析. 分析表明: 增益光纤的弱(未) 抽运部分对信号光的吸收导致光纤激光器内自脉冲的出现, 轴向模之间的拍频和自相位调制导致自锁模现象的出现, 而受激拉曼散射、 受激布里渊散射等非线性效应使它们进一步增强. 当抽运光功率略高于阈值时, 自脉冲宽度比较宽, 随抽运光功率增加自脉冲的脉宽变窄; 自脉冲包络面内的自锁模脉冲的宽度随抽运光功率增加也变窄, 进一步增加抽运光功率, 自脉冲和自脉冲包络面内的自锁模现象消失. 实验测得自锁模脉冲的间隔为224 ns, 最大(小) 自锁模脉冲的半高全宽约为35.0 ns (6.3 ns); 测得信号光的中心波长为1090 nm, 谱线半高全宽的最大(小) 值约为7.05 nm (2.01 nm).     

高重复频率飞秒掺镱光纤放大器

 数值分析了掺镱单模光纤放大器的最佳增益光纤长度，并在实验上对掺镱单模光纤放大器和光栅对压缩器进行了研究。以最大平均输出功率为7 mW、重复频率为25.4 MHz、脉宽为56 ps的被动锁模环形腔掺镱光纤激光器作为种子脉冲，用250 mW的976 nm单模半导体激光器分别泵浦3种不同长度的掺镱单模光纤，对种子光进行放大，并用光栅对压缩器对放大后的脉冲在不同光栅距离上进行了压缩实验研究。当掺镱单模光纤长度为1.2 m时得到了较好的放大效果，种子脉冲被放大到140 mW，相应的增益为13 dB，放大后的单脉冲能量为5.5 nJ。在光栅距离为14.1 cm时获得了最短440 fs的脉冲，压缩后的功率为43 mW，相应的峰值功率为3.8 kW。     

Observation of stable bound soliton with dual-wavelength in a passively mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser

A phase-locked bound state soliton with dual-wavelength is observed experimentally in a passively mode-locked Erdoped fiber(EDF) laser with a fiber loop mirror(FLM). The pulse duration of the soliton is 15 ps and the peak-to-peak separation is 125 ps. The repetition rate of the pulse sequence is 3.47 MHz. The output power is 11.8 mW at the pump power of 128 mW, corresponding to the pulse energy of 1.52 nJ. The FLM with a polarization controller can produce a comb spectrum, which acts as a filter. By adjusting the polarization controller or varying the pump power, the central wavelength of the comb spectrum can be tuned. When it combines with the reflective spectrum of the fiber Bragg grating, the total spectrum of the cavity can be cleaved into two parts, then the bound state soliton with dual-wavelength at 1549.7 nm and 1550.4 nm is obtained.     

高重复频率锁模光纤激光器及其超连续谱产生

设计并实验研究了一种结构简单的主动调制锁模高重复频率窄脉宽光纤激光器。采用窄线宽连续激光调制4 GHz高重频后,通过拉曼增益孤子压缩效应将脉宽由27 ps压窄至2.6 ps。该高重频锁模激光泵浦一段300 m长高非线性光纤,同时脉冲被展宽至7.4 ps。产生的超连续谱平坦度20 dB宽带可达250 nm,功率波动为±0.2 dB。     

2080 nm long-wavelength,high-power dissipative soliton resonance in a dumbbell-shaped thulium-doped fiber laser

We demonstrate a 2080 nm long-wavelength mode-locked thulium(Tm)-doped fiber laser operating in the dissipative soliton resonance(DSR) regime. The compact all-fiber dumbbell-shaped laser is simply constructed by a 50/50 fiber loop mirror(FLM), a 10/90 FLM, and a piece of large-gain Tm-doped double-clad fiber pumped by a 793 nm laser diode. The 10/90 FLM is not only used as an output mirror, but also acts as a periodical saturable absorber for initiating DSR mode locking. The stable DSR pulses are generated at the center wavelength as long as 2080.4 nm, and the pulse duration can be tunable from 780 to 3240 ps as the pump power is increased. The maximum average output power is 1.27 W, corresponding to a pulse energy of 290 nJ and a nearly constant peak power of 93 W. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the longest wavelength for DSR operation in a mode-locked fiber laser.     

基于类噪声脉冲抽运的平坦超连续谱光源

设计了一种由类噪声脉冲抽运的全光纤结构平坦超连续谱光源。在色散管理掺铒光纤激光器中通过调节腔内偏振态,在泵浦功率为450 mW时,实现了稳定的类噪声脉冲锁模,锁模脉冲的中心波长为1 600 nm,脉冲宽度为303 fs。在最大泵浦功率为1 W时,谐振腔直接输出功率为8.6 mW。较低的功率无法有效拓展超连续谱宽度,为此设计一种掺铒光纤放大器进行功率放大,放大器最大输出功率为338 mW,将功率放大后的类噪声脉冲耦合进高非线性光纤以产生超连续谱,超连续谱的20 dB光谱范围为1 530 nm～2 300 nm,在1 736 nm～2 134 nm范围内,光谱的平坦度优于0.5 dB。     

Supercontinuum generation in seven-core photonic crystal fiber pumped by a broadband picosecond pulsed fiber amplifier

We report a supercontinuum source generated in seven-core photonic crystal fibers(PCFs) pumped by a self-made all-fiber picosecond pulsed broadband fiber amplifier. The amplifier's output average power is 60 W at 1150 nm with spectral width of 260 nm, and its repetition rate is 8.47 MHz with pulse width of 221 ps. With two different lengths of seven-core PCF, different output powers and spectra are obtained. When a 10 m long seven-core PCF is chosen, the output supercontinuum covers the wavelength range from 620 nm to 1700 nm, with the output power of 11.7 W. With only 2 m long seven-core PCF used in the same experiment, the wavelength of the supercontinuum spans from 680 nm to 1700 nm,with the output power of 20.4 W. The results show that the pulse width is 385 ps in the 10 m long seven-core PCF and 255 ps in the 2 m long one, respectively, due to the normal dispersion of the PCF.     

Timing jitter induced by intrachannel interactions in optical fiber communication systems using CFG as dispersion compensator

In this paper, a theoretical model is proposed for the analysis of timing jitter induced by intrachannel interactions in optical fiber communication systems using chirped fiber grating (CFG) as dispersion compensator. And for the first time, the impact of group-delay ripple (GDR) on timing jitter is taken into account in detail, theoretically and numerically. Results show that the GDR may increase or decrease the timing jitter of certain pair of adjacent pulses, deciding by the ripple parameters. The maximum influence will be obtained when ripple period is about 2/5 of the input pulse width. In practical systems, the GDR enhance the timing jitter for some adjacent pulses while reduce it for some other adjacent pulses, depending on the pulse pattern and the GDR parameters. In our simulation, the GDR guarantees a 3.04 ps increase of the standard deviation of the timing jitter.     

窄线宽纳秒脉冲光纤拉曼放大器的理论模型和数值分析

窄线宽纳秒脉冲光纤拉曼放大器在非线性频率变换、遥感探测和量子信息等领域有广泛的应用前景.综合考虑受激拉曼散射(stimulated Raman scattering,SRS)、受激布里渊散射(stimulated Brillouin scattering,SBS)、自相位调制(self-phase modulation)和交叉相位调制(cross-phase modulation)等非线性效应,建立了窄线宽纳秒脉冲光纤拉曼放大器的非线性动力学模型.仿真分析了放大器中脉冲激光的时频演化特性,对比研究了抽运脉冲宽度、光纤长度和信号光功率等因素对放大器性能的影响.研究发现,上述因素会影响放大器的SRS阈值、SBS阈值、输出激光线宽、激光转换效率等.例如,当脉冲宽度为800 ns时,SBS随着抽运功率的增加而发生,限制了激光功率的提升;减短抽运脉宽可以抑制SBS,但是输出激光的线宽易于展宽到数百MHz以上;增加光纤长度可以获得更低的SRS阈值和更高的转换效率,但是SBS效应和光谱展宽程度也随之增强.系统搭建中需要平衡各非线性效应,选择合适的系统参数.研究内容可以为窄线宽纳秒脉冲光纤拉曼放大器的设计搭建提供参考.     

Supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fiber using femtosecond pulses

Supercontinuum (SC) generation in photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is demonstrated using an amplified femtosecond stretched pulses. The stretched pulse is obtained from a mode-locked Erbium-doped fiber laser and operates at 1564 nm with a repetition rate of 8.27 MHz and a pulse width of 340 fs. Using a 50 m long PCF, broad SC spectra are observed starting from 1220 and 1050 nm for the corresponding 5.1 and 177 kW pump and spanning a wavelength region of more than 1750 nm. At a maximum peak pump power of 177 kW, flat SC which extends over bandwidths of 660 and 486 nm are obtained using 50 and 100 m piece of PCF respectively. However, the output power level is higher for the 100 m PCF especially at longer wavelength region.     

Compact fiber laser at L-band region using Erbium-doped Zirconia fiber

A compact Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) operating in L-band region is demonstrated using a fabricated Erbium-doped Zirconia fiber (EDZF) for the first time. The fiber is fabricated by combining Zr and Al to achieve the maximum Erbium ion concentration of 4320 wt ppm. By using a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) in a ring configuration, the laser operates at 1579.6 nm with a slope efficiency of 13.6% and the threshold pump power of 25.1 mW. The lasing wavelength is obtained at Bragg wavelength with an output power of 13 dBm and a 3 dB spectral width of 0.02 nm using a piece of 2 m long EDZF in conjunction with 120 mW of 1480 nm pump power.