电教媒体在高等数学教学中的应用

电教媒体在高等数学教学中的应用陆巧伶（扬州大学水利学院，扬州２２５００９）《高等数学》课程作为理工科学生的一门重要基础课，在培养学生各种思维能力和科学的处理问题方法等方面，是任何其它课程不可替代的。现代科学技术的飞速发展，知识的剧烈膨胀使人们对数学知...     

浅析数学物理方程求解中的延拓思想——以波动方程为例

应用延拓方法和无界波动方程定解问题的达朗贝尔公式,求解半无界波动方程的定解问题,其中的边界条件分别为第一类和第二类非齐次型.旨在拓宽学生的解题思路,使学生灵活掌握解题方法,并为《数学物理方程》课程的教学提供些许参考.     

前言

数学物理问题是应用数学的一个重要分支.在这类问题中,人们基于基本的物理定律用数学语言(方程)描述实际的物理过程,并研究数学模型的适定性和解的形态等.数学物理反问题主要是指由已知可以测量到的信息,基于数学物理模型,重构未知信息的问题.由于数学物理反问题的研究更多地来源于一些重要的实际问题,从而引起了国内外数学工作者的不断重视.研究成果往往可以为一些重要技术、关键问题的解决提供想法和工具,因此,     

开展数学实验课程教学 促进大学数学教学改革

本文主要阐述了开设数学实验课程教学对促进数学教改所起的作用 ,探索了数学实验课程的教学内容、教学方法、教学手段以及考试改革等 .全面总结了重庆大学近年来开展数学实验课程教学及深化理工科数学教学改革的一些思路 .     

高等数学课堂教学与一题多解

高等数学是理工科院校一门十分重要的公共基础课程,在自然科学、工程技术、生命科学、社会科学、经济管理等众多领域有着广泛的应用．对待作为高等数学课堂上的主体——学生,教师应当积极正面评价学生,激发学生的学习兴趣,启发学生主动思考,全面培养学生解决数学问题的能力,并在课堂教学中贯彻这一思想．课堂教学也表明：学生积极主动的应用多种思路解决一道题远比老师灌输性的介绍一道题的多种解法要更具有积极意义．     

认知结构教学论在理工科基础课程教材改革中的探索

在认知结构教学论研究和实践的基础上,根据认知结构教学论的核心思想和理工科基础课程的特点,对传统理工科基础课程教材形式进行一次富有挑战性的、深层次的创新与探索,对教学内容进行结构优化,提出一种适用于大多数理工科基础课程教材的体例模板,并以"离散数学"课程为例进行示范性的说明.     

"现实数学"的重构--谈新课程背景下中学数学应用问题

<普通高中数学课程标准>在课程基本理念中明确指出:"高中数学课程应提供基本内容的实际背景,反映数学的应用价值,开展‘数学建模'的学习活动,设立体现数学某些重要应用的专题课程.高中数学课程应力求使学生体验数学在解决实际问题中的作用、数学与日常生活及其他学科的联系,促进学生逐步形成和发展数学应用意识,提高实践能力."这是对传统的"现实数学"进行了反思后的重构,为中学数学应用问题的教学奠定了很好的理论基础.本文试着对其进行解读,以期抛砖引玉.     

结合专业特色的理工科数学课程教学探讨

本文以湖南师范大学物理学专业数学物理方程的教学实践为基础,指出了目前理工科数学课程教学中存在的主要问题,探讨了高等院校数学教学与专业特色相结合的教学方法,并从教学内容、师资要求、教学方法和考核方式等方面提出某些具体改革措施,在教学实践中取得了初步成效．     

让数学课堂教学更有意义

上海市教委最近颁发的《上海市中等职业学校数学课程标准》指出,数学课程是中等职业教育课程体系中的一门主要的文化基础课程,是学生学习其他文化基础课程、专业课程以及职业生涯发展的基础.数学课程对学生认识数学与自然界、人类社会的关系,认识数学的科学价值、文化价值、应用价值具有重要作用,可以提高学生发现问题、分析和解决问题的能力,使其形成理性思维,促进学生智力的发展和健康个性的形成.新课标精神的落实,必须在中职数学课堂教学中形成有意义的数学学习.     

浅谈理工科学生的数学基础问题

本就理工科学生应具备的数学基础及目前工科数学课程教学的现状进行了初探。     

Preservice Elementary Teachers' Use of Mathematics in a Project‐Based Science Approach

The use of a project‐based science (PBS) approach to teaching encourages students to integrate mathematics and science in meaningful ways as they create projects. As a beginning study of how students use mathematics in such an approach, an analysis of 23 projects developed by preservice elementary teachers enrolled in an elementary science course was conducted. Findings showed that students made a number of different types of mathematical errors and underutilized data representation and summary forms. Implications included the importance of developing methods for supporting the use of mathematical tools in utilizing a project‐based approach and considering ways that such tools mediate scientific thinking.     

An Exploratory Study of College Students' Views of Mathematical Thinking in a Historical Approach Calculus Course

Heuristic training alone is not enough for developing one's mathematical thinking. One missing component is a mathematical point of view. This study reports findings regarding outcomes of a historical approach calculus course to foster Taiwanese college students' views of mathematical thinking. This study consisted of 3 stages. During the initial phase, 44 engineering majors' views on mathematical thinking were tabulated by an open-ended questionnaire, and 9 randomly selected students were invited to participate in follow-up interviews. Students then received an 18-week historical approach calculus course in which mathematical concepts were problematized to challenge their intuition-based empirical beliefs about doing mathematics. Near the end of the semester, all participants answered the identical questionnaire, and we interviewed the same students to pinpoint any shifts in their views on mathematical thinking. We found that participants were more likely to value logical sense, creativity, and imagination in doing mathematics. Further, students were leaning toward a conservative attitude toward certainty of mathematical knowledge. Participants' focus seemingly shifted from mathematics as a product to mathematics as a process.     

Interdisciplinary education – a predator–prey model for developing a skill set in mathematics,biology and technology

The science of biology has been transforming dramatically and so the need for a stronger mathematical background for biology students has increased. Biological students reaching the senior or post-graduate level often come to realize that their mathematical background is insufficient. Similarly, students in a mathematics programme, interested in biological phenomena, find it difficult to master the complex systems encountered in biology. In short, the biologists do not have enough mathematics and the mathematicians are not being taught enough biology. The need for interdisciplinary curricula that includes disciplines such as biology, physical science, and mathematics is widely recognized, but has not been widely implemented. In this paper, it is suggested that students develop a skill set of ecology, mathematics and technology to encourage working across disciplinary boundaries. To illustrate such a skill set, a predator–prey model that contains self-limiting factors for both predator and prey is suggested. The general idea of dynamics, is introduced and students are encouraged to discover the applicability of this approach to more complex biological systems. The level of mathematics and technology required is not advanced; therefore, it is ideal for inclusion in a senior-level or introductory graduate-level course for students interested in mathematical biology.     

Pre-service science teachers’ perceptions of mathematics courses in a science teacher education programme1

Most science departments offer compulsory mathematics courses to their students with the expectation that students can apply their experience from the mathematics courses to other fields of study, including science. The current study first aims to investigate the views of pre-service science teachers of science-teaching preparation degrees and their expectations regarding the difficulty level of mathematics courses in science-teaching education programmes. Second, the study investigates changes and the reasons behind the changes in their interest regarding mathematics after completing these courses. Third, the current study seeks to reveal undergraduate science teachers’ opinions regarding the contribution of undergraduate mathematics courses to their professional development. Being qualitative in nature, this study was a case study. According to the results, almost all of the students considered that undergraduate mathematics courses were ‘difficult’ because of the complex and intensive content of the courses and their poor background mathematical knowledge. Moreover, the majority of science undergraduates mentioned that mathematics would contribute to their professional development as a science teacher. On the other hand, they declared a negative change in their attitude towards mathematics after completing the mathematics courses due to continuous failure at mathematics and their teachers’ lack of knowledge in terms of teaching mathematics.     

Mathematical modelling at secondary school: the MACSI-Clongowes Wood College experience

In Ireland, to encourage the study of STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) subjects and particularly mathematics, the Mathematics Applications Consortium for Science and Industry (MACSI) and Clongowes Wood College (County Kildare, Ireland) organized a mathematical modelling workshop for senior cycle secondary school students. Participants developed simple mathematical models for everyday life problems with an open-ended answer. The format and content of the workshop are described and feedback from both students and participating teachers is provided. For nearly all participants, this workshop was an enjoyable experience which showed mathematics and other STEM components in a very positive way.     

Reorganizing freshman business mathematics II: authentic assessment in mathematics through professional memos

The first part of this two-part paper (13) described the developmentof a new freshman business mathematics (FBM) course at our college.In this paper, we discuss our assessment tool, the businessmemo, as a venue for students to apply mathematical skills,via mathematical modelling, to realistic business problems.These memos have proven a crucial step in turning our FBM coursearound from a dreaded course with little connection to students’intended careers into a course where students experience thepower of mathematics for solving problems and informing decisions.Comments from students in the course throughout its 6-year historyclearly point to the course's value and importance.     

Three modes of STEM integration for middle school mathematics teachers

Of the four subjects in an integrated science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) approach, mathematics has not received enough focus. This could be in part because mathematics teachers may be apprehensive or unsure about how to implement integrated STEM education in their classrooms. There are benefits to integrated STEM in a mathematics classroom though, including increased motivation, interest, and achievement for students. This article discusses three methods that middle school mathematics teachers can utilize to integrate STEM subjects. By focusing on open‐ended problems through engineering design challenges, mathematical modeling, and mathematics integrated with technology middle school students are more likely to see mathematics as relevant and valuable. Important considerations are discussed as well as recent research with these approaches.     

A questionnaire to elicit the mathematical concept images of engineering students

As part of a study into the mathematical understanding of engineering students, a questionnaire has been developed which seeks to elicit from students their concept images attached to key mathematical concepts. The questionnaire seeks to address both the level of understanding of the students and the mode in which the students hold the concept image. The instrument has been used on over 200 students in the schools of mathematics and engineering at the University of Plymouth, and while the details may not be exactly suited to other groups, it is suggested that the method may be helpful to other researchers in the field. Initial results suggest that engineering and mathematics students do have different concept images, and in particular that engineering students gradually adopt mathematical ideas into their engineering knowledge in a way which makes sense of them.     

An Exploratory Study of College Students' Views of Mathematical Thinking in a Historical Approach Calculus Course

Heuristic training alone is not enough for developing one's mathematical thinking. One missing component is a mathematical point of view. This study reports findings regarding outcomes of a historical approach calculus course to foster Taiwanese college students' views of mathematical thinking. This study consisted of 3 stages. During the initial phase, 44 engineering majors' views on mathematical thinking were tabulated by an open-ended questionnaire, and 9 randomly selected students were invited to participate in follow-up interviews. Students then received an 18-week historical approach calculus course in which mathematical concepts were problematized to challenge their intuition-based empirical beliefs about doing mathematics. Near the end of the semester, all participants answered the identical questionnaire, and we interviewed the same students to pinpoint any shifts in their views on mathematical thinking. We found that participants were more likely to value logical sense, creativity, and imagination in doing mathematics. Further, students were leaning toward a conservative attitude toward certainty of mathematical knowledge. Participants' focus seemingly shifted from mathematics as a product to mathematics as a process.