负载型非晶态Cu／SiO2催化剂局域结构的研究

采用ＸＰＳ和ＥＸＡＦＳ方法，研究了以ｓｏｌ－ｇｅｌ法制得的超累粉体ＳｉＯ２为载体，用化学还原沉积法制备的负载型非晶态Ｃｕ／ＳｉＯ２催化剂在甲酸甲酯氢解反应前后的表面结构和局域结构。结果表明，非晶态样品中的铜原子以零价铜的形式存在，但配位数却大幅度地低于铜樯档，意味着铜原子在高比表面超细ＳｉＯ２载体上处于高分散的非晶状态，表面悬空键显著增多，表面能增大，导致配位键收缩。     

Ni-P/SiO2催化剂晶化过程及其加氢活性研究

采用化学还原法制备了负载型Ｎｉ－Ｐ／ＳｉＯ２非晶态合金催化剂,应用ＩＣＰ、ＢＥＴ、氢氧滴定法、ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ、ＸＰＳ研究了上述催化剂在高温晶化过程中的表面结构、表面形貌和表面电子态的变化。测定了Ｎｉ－Ｐ／ＳｉＯ２非晶态合金晶化前后对其液相苯甲醛加氢反应催化活性和选择性。并讨论了非晶态合金催化剂晶化过程中结构变化对催化性能的影响。     

超细Pd—B／SiO2非晶态合金加氢反应的催化活性

采用浸渍法并通过ＫＢＨ４还原制备超细Ｐｄ－Ｂ／ＳｉＯ２非晶态合金催化剂,以硝基苯加氢生成苯胺为目标反应,考察了上述催化剂的活性和选择性及热稳定性,并与晶态Ｐｄ－Ｂ／ＳｉＯ２和Ｐｄ／ＳｉＯ２催化剂及非负载型Ｐｄ－Ｂ非晶态合金催化剂进行了比较。     

CO在YBa2Cu3Ox薄膜上吸附与加氢的研究

ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏｘ（ｘ＝６－７）薄膜被合成在ＹＳＺ基底上，用ＦＴＩＲ，ＸＰＳ，ＸＲＤ等手段原位研究ＣＯ在薄膜上的吸附及加氢行为。ＣＯ吸附在Ｃｕ位置上，与ＹＢＣＯ体相中的Ｏ作用，生成表面ＣＯ２或－ＣＯＯ基团，导致ＹＢＣＯ中生产氧空位，使ＹＢＣＯ发生昌型转变，Ｃｕ＾２＋被还原为Ｃｕ＾＋或Ｃｕ＾０．ＹＢＣＯ中的氧空位有利于ＣＯ、ＣＯ２及Ｈ２的吸附。ＣＯ、ＣＯ２在ＹＢＣＯ膜上的加氢产物为ＣＨ３ＯＨ、ＣＨ３     

助剂对超细CuO－ZnO－SiO_2催化剂性质和CO_2加氢反应性能的影响

研究了９种助剂对用于ＣＯ２加氢反应的超细ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ－ＳｉＯ２催化剂性能的影响，并进行了ＸＲＤ和ＴＰＲ表征．结果表明，助剂影响超细催化剂的性质和催化性能，ＴｉＯ２、ＣｅＯ２、ＭｇＯ和Ｌａ２Ｏ３是ＣＯ２加氢合成甲醇的超细ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ－ＳｉＯ２催化剂体系的优良助剂．在含有不同助剂的ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ－ＳｉＯ２催化剂体系内存在ＣｕＯ和ＺｎＯ晶相，但除ＣｅＯ２以外，其它的助剂都可能以微晶或无定型的形式存在．ＴＰＲ研究表明，添加的助剂除ＣｅＯ２以外，都使超细ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ－ＳｉＯ２催化剂的还原温度提高，而且助剂对ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ－ＳｉＯ２催化剂活性的影响，按照助剂对ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ－ＳｉＯ２催化剂还原温度的影响进行了探讨     

助剂对超细CuO—ZnO—SiO2催化剂性质和CO2加氢反应性能的影响

研究了９种助剂对用于ＣＯ２加氢反应的超细ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ－ＳｉＯ２催化剂性能的影响，并进行了ＸＲＤ和ＴＰＲ表征，结果表明，助剂影响超细催化剂的性质和催化性能，ＴｉＯ２、ＣｅＯ２、ＭｇＯ和Ｌａ２Ｏ３是ＣＯ２加氢合成的超细ＣｕＯ２－ＺｎＯ－ＳｉＯ２催化剂体系的优良助剂，在含有不同助剂的ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ－ＳｉＯ２催化剂体系内存在ＣｕＯ和ＺｎＯ２晶相，但除ＣｅＯ２以外，其它的助剂都可能以微晶或无定型的形式存在     

合成醇用负载型铜基催化剂的表征

采用ＸＲＤ，ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ－ＤＳＣ，ＣＯ－ＴＰＤ和Ｈ２－ＴＰＤ等技术，对三种负载型铜基催化剂的表征载基合成醇用催化剂进行了表征。结果表明，Ｆｅ组分的存在有利于ＣｕＯ晶相的形成，     

铜基催化剂的制备方法对草酸二乙酯加氢反应的影响

草酸二乙酯加氢性成乙二醇的反应过程中，所用的铜基催化剂是由Ｃｕ（ＮＯ３）２与硅溶胶凝法制得的。本文考察了该催化剂的ＴＰＲ特性，结果表明，随着催化剂中Ｃｕ／ＳｉＯ２值的增大，其ＴＰＲ主峰ＴＭ峰温有所升高，这意味着催化剂的还原温度随Ｃｕ／ＳｉＯ２值的增大而提高。用ＸＲＤ和ＸＰＳ等手段对该催化剂还原后铜的含量及价态进行了考察，表明用胶凝法制备的铜基催化剂，还原后存在Ｃｕ＾ｏ和Ｃｕ＾＋两种价态。结合活性评     

新型双核铜配合物的合成,表征及其对苯乙烯环氧化的催化作用

设计合成了５种新型双核铜配合物，用ＥＡ，ＩＲ，ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ，ＸＰＳ，ＥＰＲ等进行了结构表征，并研究了这些Ｃｕ２配合物模拟双核铜单加氧酶多巴胺β－羟化酶催化苯乙烯环氧化反应的特征。结果表明，这些配合物具有两种类型的结构：脱质子型Ｃｕ２ＬＯＨ和非脱质子型「（Ｃｕ２Ｈ２ＬＸ）Ｙ」Ｙ（Ｘ＝Ｙ＝Ｃｌ＾１－，Ｂｒ＾－；Ｘ＝ＯＨ，Ｙ＝Ｏ２ＣｌＯ＾－２），两类配合物可相互转化。非脱质子型配合物催化ＰｈＩＯ对苯乙烯     

CO2在Cu-Pd/MoO3-SiO2催化剂上的吸附与表面反应

用表面反应改性法制备了ＭｏＯ３－ＳｉＯ２表面复合物，用等体积浸渍法制备了ＭｏＯ３－ＳｉＯ２担载Ｃｕ－Ｐｄ金属催化剂，用ＩＲ和ＴＰＤ研究了Ｃ类其上的吸附，考察了ＣＯ２吸附产生ＣＯ和Ｏ的ＴＰＤ－ＭＳ结果，讨论了ＣＯ２在Ｃｕ－Ｐｄ／ＭｏＯ３－ＳｉＯ２上的表面反应机理。结果表明：ＣＯ２在催化剂上具有良好的化学吸附性能，形成线式吸附态、剪式吸附态和卧式吸附态；ＣＯ２卧式吸附态具有良好的表面反应活性，一定温度     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.