桑色素荧光光度法测定铊

在pH 4.0的缓冲体系中,铊与桑色素具有较灵敏的荧光反应,在λex=426 nm,λem=489 nm处,铊(Ⅰ)的质量浓度在0.25～3.0 μg/25 mL范围内与ΔF呈线性关系,其相对标准偏差为2.95%.对合成水样的测定,其回收率为96.1%～102.2%之间.采用活性炭吸附分离消除其它共有离子的干扰.     

双波长光度法同时测定水中微量铁和铜

提出了以5 Br PADAP为显色剂,在pH3.0的缓冲溶液中,用双波长光度法同时测定=590.水中微量铁和铜的最佳条件。选择的测定铁和铜的波长对分别为λFe1=503.5nm,λFe2=555.0nm,服从比耳定律的线性范围和检出限分别为0～16μg/25ml和0nm,λCu1=604.0nm,λCu20～24μg/25ml,0.008和0.006μg·ml-1,加标回收率分别为89.2%～105.4%和88.4%～102.0%。通过测定不同的水样,结果满意。     

同步扫描-双波长荧光分光光度法同时测定三种儿茶酚胺类神经递质

提出了用同步扫描-双波长荧光分光光度法同时测定肾上腺素(EP)、去甲肾上腺素素(NEP)和多巴胺(DA)3种儿茶酚胺类神经递质.试验表明:荧光检测宜选定发射波长(λen)与激发波长(λex)的波长差为70 nm(△λ=λem-λex)的条件下进行同步扫描.在λem为385.0 nm时DA的荧光信号不受EP和NEP的干扰,而EP和NEP相互的干扰,采用双波长荧光检测模式可消除.选择测定NEP的波长对为470.0 nm(λem,1)和531.8 nm(λem,2),测定EP的波长对为500.0 nm(λ'em,1)和445.6 nm(λ'em,2).测得荧光强度与3种儿茶酚胺浓度在320 μg·L-1(EP),640 μg·L-1(NEP)及160μg·L-1(DA)内呈线性关系,检出限(3σ/k)依次为0.20,0.97,0.73 μg·L-1.     

胶束增敏荧光法测定盐酸沙拉沙星

在pH 5.3的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液中,十二烷基苯磺酸钠能够敏化盐酸沙拉沙星的荧光,使λex=335 nnq、λem=450 nm的荧光增强.盐酸沙拉沙星质量浓度在0.10～6.99 mg/L范围内与荧光强度呈线性关系,方法检出限为9.16μg/L.6次平行测定方法回收率为91.8%～107.2%,相对标准偏差为1.6%～3.7%.常见金属离子及药物敷料对测定无干扰,不经分离直接用于兽药中盐酸沙拉沙星的测定.     

茜素红S-铕(Ⅲ)-米诺环素体系的共振瑞利散射光谱研究及应用

在pH=4.4的NaAc-HAc缓冲溶液中,茜素红S-铕(Ⅲ)与米诺环素形成三元配合物,导致共振瑞利散射(RRS)增强,据此建立了一种测定米诺环素的RRS分析法。在λ=370nm处,米诺环素浓度在0.073～5.493μg/mL范围内与体系RRS强度呈良好的线性关系,检出限为0.021μg/mL。该方法灵敏度高,简单、快速,具有良好的选择性和重复性,对尿样进行加标回收及用于片剂、胶囊中米诺环素的测定,结果满意。     

KMnO4分光光度法测定葡萄籽原花青素

建立了葡萄籽提取物中原花青素测定的新方法-KMnO4分光光度法.基于原花青素结构中含有还原性基团,能在强酸性介质中与KMnO4发生氧化还原反应,在545 nm吸光度值减少而在310 nm处吸光度值增加,通过A310/A545的比值来测定原花青素.该方法的线性范围为1.6～3.6 μg/mL,RSD为0.13%～0.4%,回收率为95.2%,相关系数r=0.9996,检出限为0.03 μg/mL.     

曙红Y瑞利散射、二级散射及倍频散射法测定痕量铝

试验表明:在pH 5.0的乙酸盐缓冲介质中,铝(Ⅲ)与曙红Y反应体系的瑞利散射(RRS)、二级散射(SOS)和倍频散射(FDS)均有增敏现象。分别选择λex=λem=598nm(RRS),λex=330nm、λem=660nm(SOS)和λex=604nm、λem=302nm(FDS)作为3种散射强度的测定波长。试验时,选择曙红Y溶液的浓度为5.0×10-5 mol·L-1;在室温反应3min。结果表明:上述3种散射光谱法所测得的ΔIRRS,ΔISOS和ΔIFDS均与铝(Ⅲ)的质量浓度在一定范围内呈线性关系,其检出限(3s)依次为7.5,4.0,8.0μg·L-1。二级散射法的线性范围较宽(0.012~1.5mg·L-1),且检出限最低。用此法分析了人发和茶叶样品,所得结果与原子吸收光谱法的结果相符。用标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率在96.3%~105%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)均小于5%。     

十二烷基苯磺酸钠-吖啶橙体系的共振光散射和二级散射光谱及其分析应用

研究了阴离子表面活性剂(AS)十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)与吖啶橙(AO)作用的共振光散射(RLS)、二级散射(SOS)和反二级散射(ASOS)光谱, 并建立了AO共振光散射法和SOS、ASOS法水相直接测定环境水样中AS的新方法。结果表明: (1) 在pH 1.8~4.0的范围内, 加入SDBS导致AO共振光散射剧烈增强, 在λem=λex=537nm处, 存在一RLS峰, 其强度与SDBS的浓度成线性关系, 据此建立了一种测定水中AS(以SDBS计)的RLS法。在2.5×10-5 mol/L的AO存在下, 方法的线性范围为0.028~8.71 mg/L, 检出限为8.36μg/L。用该法测定了环境水样中的AS, 结果满意。(2) 当λem=321 nm,λex=642 nm时, 在0.014~8.71 mg/L含量范围内,ΔIASOS 与溶液中物质的浓度成正比, 线性相关系数为0.993, 检出限为4.31μg/L; 当λem= 642 nm, λex= 321 nm时, 在0.050~8.71 mg/L范围内,ΔISOS 与溶液中物质的浓度成正比, 线性相关系数为0.993, 检出限为14.9μg/L。     

三元杂多酸荧光猝灭测定食品中硼砂的研究

研究发现,硼钼杂多酸能与罗丹明B形成缔合物,导致罗丹明B的荧光发生静态猝灭,以此建立了荧光猝灭测定痕量硼砂的新方法.在选定的实验条件下,当λex/λem=540/582 nm,硼砂浓度在2.4～108μg/L范围内时,荧光猝灭强度与硼砂含量呈良好线性关系(r=0.9982),检出限为1.42μg/L,加标回收率在91.3%～101%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)<3.76%.该方法用于食品中痕量硼砂的测定,结果满意.     

SAF-Tween80-β-CD荧光熄灭法测定微量钼的研究

在HCl介质中,吐温80(Tween80)和β-环糊精(β-CD)存在下,钼与水杨基荧光酮(SAF)形成复杂配合物使荧光熄灭,由此建立了测定微量钼的荧光熄灭新方法。该体系的最大激发波长λex=455 nm,最大发射波长λem=522 nm。Mo(Ⅵ)量在0~0.12μg/mL范围荧光熄灭程度(ΔF)与Mo(Ⅵ)质量浓度呈线性关系,线性回归方程为ΔF=31.839ρ(μg/mL) 29.726,相关系数R2=0.9996,检出限为1.53μg/L。该方法灵敏度高,选择性好,用于测定水样中的微量钼,回收率在99.4%~100.8%之间。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.