波段三维ESR成像系统的研制（Ⅴ）——灵敏度与分辨率实验及系统总性能指标

实验确定了自行研制的L波段三维电子自旋共振成像（3D-ESRI）系统的检测灵敏度及成像分辨率指标. 用Tempo水溶液模型测量灵敏度结果表明： 样品体积为10 mm, 高30 mm，测量浓度1×10^-4 mol/L水溶液的信噪比为S/N=4∶1；加梯度磁场后，样品浓度需>5×10^-4 mol/L，样品体积为19 mm, 高30 mm时，获得的投影谱的信噪比可满足图像重建的需要. 用DPPH固体样品确定的成像分辨率结果<1 mm. 文中还对ESRI系统的
各项总体性能做了归纳总结.     

单晶硅中硅氢键和氢致缺陷的电子自旋共振研究

本文先后用光致发光、核磁共振和电子自旋共振研究了单晶硅中硅氢键和氢致缺陷的性质。光致发光谱表明硅氢键引起了大量非辐射中心。观测和探讨了电子自旋共振测量与样品平均厚度的关系。本文克服了真空热处理中氢从表面扩散的困难,并避免了样品平均厚度大于1.00mm和小于0.85mm给电子自旋共振带来的困难,测得分别在纯氢气氛和氩气氛生长的单晶硅每立方厘米电子自旋数。对比二者,我们估算出氢的数量为4×10¹⁶/cm³,而硅氢键分离激活能约为0.1eV。前者与文献[6]和[10]符合得很好,后者比文献[11]测定的沉淀激活能低一个数量级。 关键词：     

掺杂纳米硅薄膜中电子自旋共振研究

研究了掺杂纳米硅薄膜(nc∶Si∶H)中的电子自旋共振(ESR)及与之相关的缺陷态.样品是用等离子体增强化学气相沉积方法制成,为两相结构,即纳米晶粒镶嵌于非晶本体之中.对掺磷的nc-Si∶H样品,测量出其ESR信号的g值为1.9990—1.9991,线宽ΔH_pp为(40—42)×10^-4T,ESR密度Nss为10¹⁷cm^-3数量级.对掺硼的nc-Si∶H样品,其ESR信号的g值为2.0076—2.0078,ΔH_{关键词： 纳米硅薄膜 微结构 电子自旋共振}     

ESR研究非晶Ag+导体的晶化

用电子自旋共振(ESR)方法对非晶Ag⁺离子导体0.85AgI~0.15Ag₄P₂O₇的热处理晶化过程进行研究,在样品中掺入微量(约1×10^-3 g/g)的Mn²⁺或V⁴⁺离子作为自旋探针离子,它们的ESR谱强度随升温线性减弱,当样品完全晶化时ESR谱消失。这样测定的样品完全晶化的温度分别为98℃(掺Mn的)和108℃(掺V的).本文还对Mn²⁺和V⁴⁺的ESR谱进行了分析。     

金刚石纳米颗粒中氮空位色心的电子自旋研究

通过电子注入的方法制备了含氮空位色心单光子源的金刚石荧光纳米颗粒. 自旋回声测试结果表明, 纳米颗粒中氮空位色心的相干时间T₂很短, 介于0.86 μs至5.6 μs之间. Ramsey干涉条纹测试结果表明, 氮空位色心NV1点的退相干时间T₂^* 最大, 为0.7 μs, 其电子自旋共振谱可分辨的最小线宽为1.05 MHz. 并且NV1点的电子自旋共振谱可分辨氮空位色心本身的¹⁴N核自旋与 氮空位色心电子自旋之间的2.2 MHz超精细相互作用, 这对于在金刚石纳米颗粒中实现核自旋的操控和多个量子比特的门操作具有重要意义. 关键词： 纳米颗粒 氮空位色心 电子自旋     

用Na2O2-DMSO体系产生O2·的ESR研究

提出了Na₂O₂的二甲基亚砜(DMsO)/H₂O溶液中产生超氧阴离子自由基(O₂^·)的新方法,用电子自旋共振仪(ESR)可直接检测到很强的O₂^·信号,研究了反应的条件及其O₂^·信号的特性,并用该法考察了茶多酚等清除剂对于超氧阴离子自由基的清除作用。结果表明本体系是产生O₂^·的有效方法,可用于超氧阴离子自由基清除剂的研究。     

固体电解质蒙脱石结构与电导性能研究

对一组提纯蒙脱石样品研究表明,它们具有不同的次微结构。红外(IR)谱中吸收带915和840cm^-1的变化及电子自旋共振(ESR)谱中g≈4.3等的变化反映了各样品次微结构的差异。研究了它们的离子导电性,讨论了结构对其电导性能的影响。 关键词：     

KCl:OH-中O2-色心实验研究

通过调制吸收光谱和电子自旋共振(ESR)谱的测量得知,在被高能射线辐照前后,KCl:OH^-中氧的成分主要以O₂^-的形式存在。O₂^-在样品中的浓度随辐照时间增加而增加,直至(OH)^-完全被辐照分解。O₂^-有相当强的稳定性。其存在与产生过程对增加F₂⁺激光色心的稳定性无直接作用。本文还根据ES 关键词：     

用锁相放大技术采集电子自旋共振信号

利用示波器通过电子顺磁共振波谱仪观察了DPPH样品中未偶电子的自旋共振信号,使用锁相放大技术采集了电子自旋共振信号的微分线,讨论了影响实验结果的因素,给出了相关的实验参数。分析发现,所采集到的微分线为典型的Guass线型,这与所使用固体试样中电子的周边环境是一致的,这从实验的角度实现了锁相放大器对电子自旋共振信号的采集。     

2,4-二[a-(羟甲硫基)乙基]次卟啉-区及基2,4-二{a-(3-(4-羟基四氢噻唑基)]乙基}次卟啉-区的电子自旋共振及其光化动力学的研究

本文用电子自旋共振研究了2,4-二[α-(羧甲硫基)乙基]次卟啉-Ⅸ及2,4-二{α-[3-(4-羧基四氢噻唑基)]乙基}次卟啉-Ⅸ在不同温度时经紫外-可见光辐照的自由电子变化情况。本文还测定了上述样品在有氧存在下及真空条件下辐照的自旋浓度(N)为10¹⁶~10¹⁷ Spin/g。本文讨论了上述样品在光辐照时的动力学行为。     

Optimal phase sensitivity of atomic Ramsey interferometers with coherent spin states

We present a detailed analysis of phase sensitivity for a nonlinear Ramsey interferometer, which utilize effective mean-field interaction of a two-component Bose–Einstein condensate in phase accumulation. For large enough particle number N and small phase shift ?, analytical results of the Ramsey signal and the phase sensitivity are derived for a product coherent state |θ,0?. When collisional dephasing is absent, we confirm that the optimal sensitivity scales as 2/N^3/2 for polar angle of the initial state θ = π/4 or 3π/4. The best-sensitivity phase satisfies different transcendental equations, depending upon the initial state and the observable being measured after the phase accumulation. In the presence of the collisional dephasing, we show that the N^-3/2-scaling rule of the sensitivity maintains with spin operators J^x and J^y measurements. A slightly better sensitivity is attainable for optimal coherent state with θ = π/6 or 5π/6.     

Development of Very-Low-Temperature Millimeter-Wave Electron-Spin-Resonance Measurement System

We report the development of a millimeter-wave electron-spin-resonance (ESR) measurement system at the University of Fukui using a ³He/⁴He dilution refrigerator to reach temperatures below 1 K. The system operates in the frequency range of 125–130 GHz, with a homodyne detection. A nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR) measurement system was also developed in this system as the extension for millimeter-wave ESR/NMR double magnetic-resonance (DoMR) experiments. Several types of Fabry–Pérot-type resonators (FPR) have been developed: A piezo actuator attached to an FPR enables an electric tuning of cavity frequency. A flat mirror of an FPR has been fabricated using a gold thin film aiming for DoMR. ESR signal was measured down to 0.09 K. Results of ESR measurements of an organic radical crystal and phosphorous-doped silicon are presented. The NMR signal from ¹H contained in the resonator is also detected successfully as a test for DoMR.     

The first-principle study on the electronic structure and magnetic properties of polymer Cu(HCO 2 )(NO 3 )(pyz) {pyz = Pyrazine}

The first principle method was applied to study the electronic structure and magnetic properties of the compound of Cu(HCO₂)(NO₃)(pyz). The density of states, the electronic structure and the spin magnetic moments are calculated. The results reveal that the compound has a ferromagnetic interaction arising from the bridging μ- HCO₂⁻ and pyz ligands, and the ferromagnetic properties come from the spin delocalization effect. The spin magnetic moment per molecule mainly comes from the Cu ion, but has little contribution from O, N and C anion.     

New designed helical resonator to improve measurement accuracy of magic radio frequency

Based upon the new designed helical resonator, the resonant radio frequency (RF) for trapping ions can be consecutively adjusted in a large range (about 12 MHz to 29 MHz) with high Q-factors (above 300). We analyze the helical resonator with a lumped element circuit model and find that the theoretical results fit well with the experimental data. With our resonator system, the resonant frequency near magic RF frequency (where the scalar Stark shift and the second-order Doppler shift due to excess micromotion cancel each other) can be continuously changed at kHz level. For ⁸⁸Sr⁺ ion, compared to earlier results, the measurement accuracy of magic RF frequency can be improved by an order of magnitude upon rough calculation, and therefore the net micromotion frequency shifts can be further reduced. Also, the differential static scalar polarizability Δα₀ of clock transition can be experimentally measured more accurately.     

Investigation of free radicals induced by light ions in CR-39 using ESR spectroscopy

In previous investigations the formation of radicals induced by γ-irradiation in CR-39 samples has been studied by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. On the other hand, all attempts fail to detect radicals in samples irradiated by particles (p, and neutrons). The present work succeeded in detection of radicals produced by charged particle radiation in CR-39 (TASTRAK). The detectors were irradiated with protons of 7 MeV and -particles of 3 MeV with fluences in the order of 10¹¹–10¹² particles/cm². The observed ESR signal is composed of at least four different resonance lines for each of which we determined the amplitudes, g-factors, lifetimes and the G-value. The amplitude of the total ESR signal decreases rapidly with a short and a longer lifetime. About 5 days after irradiation the ESR intensity decreased to an undetectable value. The lowest detectable dose (LDD) is of the order of 1 kGy.     

Ferromagnetism in polycrystalline Cr-doped ZnO films: Experiment and theory

Room-temperature ferromagnetism is found in polycrystalline Cr_xZn_1−xO (0≤x≤0.091) films prepared by magnetron sputtering. The saturated magnetization is 0.58 μ_B/Cr with x=0.012, and decreases with increased Cr dopant. The Curie temperatures of the samples are above 400 K. First principles calculations based on density functional theory predict that the electrons of Cr-doped ZnO films at Fermi level are 100% spin polarized when two Zn sites are substituted by Cr atoms in the nearest neighbour configuration. The spin polarized carriers and the p–d hybridization between Cr and its four neighbouring O atoms are responsible for observed ferromagnetism.     

关于氧化锌/双吡啶高氯酸盐非均相光诱导电子转移过程的研究

用ESR方法对9种不同双吡啶高氯酸盐与氧化锌组成的非均相体系的光诱导电子转移过程进行了系统的研究。ZnO-PQ⁺⁺-胶束-苯的分散系,经350nm~420nm的紫外光照后,PQ⁺⁺被还原成PQ⁺。具有大共轭结构的PQ⁺的ESR信号较强。胶束的存在也可使ESR信号增强。当体系充氧时,PQ⁺信号消失,并有超氧阴离子基O₂^·和羟基·OH被检出。     

Hybridization gap-open in CeIn3

Reflectivity spectra of CeIn₃ are measured at 7, 30, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 300 K in wild energy regions from 6 meV to 30 eV. Optical conductivity spectra are obtained from a Kramers–Kronig’ relation. A hump in the optical conductivity σ₁ is observed at about 500 cm⁻¹ below 100 K, resulting from strong hybridization between conduction electrons and Ce 4f electronic states. The low frequency plasmon indicating the existence of heavy particles is also observed below coherence temperature T^*  100 K.     

Density of states and phase diagram of the antiferromagnetic spin chain with Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya interaction and spin-phonon coupling

The effects of DM interaction on the density-of-states, the dimerization and the phase diagram in the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain coupled with quantum phonons have been studied by a nonadiabatic analytical approach. The results show that the effect of the DM interaction is to increase the staggered antisymmetric spin exchange interaction order but to decrease the spin dimerization and their competitions result in the lattice dimerization ordering parameter to increase for large staggered DM interaction parameter β and decrease for small β. A crossover of β exists in which the dimerization ordering parameter changes non-monotonously. As the DM interaction parameter D increases, depending on the appropriate values of spin-phonon coupling, phonon frequency and β, the system undergoes phase transition from spin gapless state to gapped state or reversely and can even reenter between the two states. The relation between the phonon-staggered ordering parameter, the spin-dimer order parameter and the staggered DM interaction order parameter gives clearly their contributing weights to the lattice dimerization.     

Bandwidth-tunable silicon nitride microring resonators

We designed a reconfigurable dual-interferometer coupled silicon nitride microring resonator.By tuning the integrated heater on interferometer's arms,the"critical coupling"bandwidth of resonant mode is continuously adjustable whose quality factor varies from 7.9×10⁴ to 1.9×10⁵ with the extinction ratio keeping higher than 25 dB.Also a variety of coupling spanning from"under-coupling"to"over-coupling"were achieved,showing the ability to tune the quality factor from 6.0×10³ to 2.3×10⁵.Our design can provide an adjustable filtering method on silicon nitride photonic chip and contribute to optimize the nonlinear process for quantum photonics and all-optical signal processing.