三种钢铁材料的光电光谱分析

介绍了铁基线材、高铬铸铁、高锰钢等3种钢铁的光电光谱定量测定方法。该方法是通过选用与分析材质同基体，主成分接近的标准样品绘制校准曲线，采用自编的计算机校正程序，找出试样的光谱分析值和化学分析值之间的关系模型，并将模型通过计算机程序拟合到控制样品中，当进行材质测定时，只需要在日常标准化操作后将拟合好的控制样品对校准曲线进行控样校正，就可以直接进行试样的测定。该测定方法实用，结果可靠，适用于无相同标准样品条件下的试样光谱定量分析。     

ICP─AES法多元素同时测定土壤、岩石和水系沉积物中基体元素干扰和校正方法的研究

本文研究了用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法同时测定土壤、岩石和水系沉积物样品中的多元素时，样品中基体元素对微量元素测定的光谱干扰问题。本文采用人工基体匹配与光谱干扰校正因子相结合的校正方法。对标准的制备，校正因子的选择以及校正因子的长期稳定性等进行了探讨，确定了最佳测定条件，完成了大量的国家“七五”、“八五”攻关课题样品分析任务，数据准确可靠。     

ICP—AES法多元素同时测定土壤,岩石和水系沉积物中基体元素干扰和校…

本文研究了用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法同时测定土壤、岩石和水系沉积物样品中的多元素时，样品中基体元素对微量元素测定的光谱干扰问题，本文采用人工基体匹配与光谱干扰校正因子相结合的校正方法。对标准的制备，校正因子的选择以及校正因子的长期稳定性等进行了探讨，确定了最佳测定条件，完成了大量的国家“七五”、“八五”攻关课题样品分析任务，数据准确可靠。     

ICP-AES分析超导粉中杂质元素的干扰系数矩阵校正法

利用ICP-AES法测定了铋系超导前驱粉（BSCCO）中Fe,Cr,Ni,Si,Al和Ba等微量杂质元素,优化了仪器测定参数并研究了酸的种类及浓度对测定结果的影响。系统研究了BSCCO基体元素Bi,Sr,Pb,Ca和Cu对微量杂质元素测定的干扰,分别测定了每个基体元素对测定元素的校正系数并组成交互干扰校正矩阵,采用全选主元高斯消去法计算出基体元素产生的背景等效浓度,再计算出样品的真实浓度。用此方法对合成标样中的上述微量杂质元素进行了测定,分析结果的回收率99.5％～100.5％,测定了实际样品中的杂质元素,并与ICP-MS法进行了对比,二者结果一致。     

FAAS法对三种制备样品方法的研究

在FAAS法分析中，样品预处理始终占有极为重要的位置。本文比较了三种样品消化方式，即传统酸消化法，灰化法及微波消化法。传统的消化方式过程长、速度慢、效率低、而且被测元素易受到损失及易污染等不足，而微波是一种非常快捷、省时、省试剂和无污染的消化方式。通过对校准物质贻贝中的铜、锌、铁的测定结果证明微波消化方式比传统的消化方式优点多。     

用氢作内标补偿ICP光谱分析中的基体效应

用ICP发射光谱法测定含有高量基体成份样品中的元素时,由于基体成份对雾化过程和等离子过程的影响,往往会导致发射信号降低,从而得出不正确的测定结果。内标法是补偿基体效应和校正这种误差的一种有效方法。但在内标法中,必不可少地要向校准溶液和试液中定量加入一外来元素作内标,而且内标元素在原试料中的含量必须低至可忽略不计的程度。本研究探讨用水中之氢作内标,以克服上述缺点。     

火焰原子吸收光度法直接测定铝合金中铁基体干扰的研究

采用火焰原子吸收光度法直接测定铝合金中的铁时，溶液的酸度、共存的铝基及硅等元素严重干扰铁的测定，本文对铝合金中各种共存元素对铁测定的干扰进行了研究，发现通过控制酸度，加入适当的基体改进剂，配制以铝为基体的校准曲线，可以解决基体干扰的问题。方法的灵敏度、精密度、回收率好，实用性强。     

商周原始瓷的EDXRF无损分析

采用能量色散X射线荧光(EDXRF)经验系数法，对江西吴城遗址出土的商代原始瓷残片中主、次量元素含量进行了无损测试，根据仪器提供的强度校正方程，用已知成分的陶瓷标准参考物求出校正系数，进行基体校正，所得结果与前人的研究工作颇为吻合。该法能满足考古样品分析的要求，特别适用于古陶瓷样品的无损检测。     

大蒜和大蒜制品中多元素的ICP-AES法同时测定

本文应用ICP－AES法测定大蒜和大蒜制品中19种元素，试验了试样分解方法，校正了元素间的光谱干扰，测定样品中19种元素，其结果令人满意。     

火焰原子吸收法测定钛合金中的硅

本文用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定钛合金中的硅。并研究了钛合金中基体元素钛和共存元素对硅含量测定的干扰情况，进行了校准曲线的试验。方法简单、快捷，具有良好的精密度和准确性。相对标准偏差为1．8％－3．7％，回收率为100％－102％。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.