焙烧温度对La2O3—NiO体系结构和导电性及某些催化性能的影响

稀土氧化物特别是La2O3作为助催化剂，对CO甲烷化反应有促进作用，已为人们所知［‘j．研究焙烧温度对La。O。－NIO催化剂结构、导电性，特别是对其在不同类型反应中催化性能的影响，目前文献报道较少．本文通过多晶X射线衍射（XRD），差热一热重分析（DTA－TG），导电性测量，CO甲烷化及二甲苯完全氧化反应活性测定等手段，考察了所制备的La。Os－NIO催化剂经不同温度焙烧后，结构、热效应、导电性的变化，并研究了该体系催化剂在上述两种不同类型反应中的催化性能．用分析纯试剂La（NO3)·6H2O和La（NO3）3·6H2O（北京化工…     

三种络合剂对LaFeO3晶体形成的影响

稀土钙钛矿型复合氧化物LaFeo。由于其独特的晶体结构和优良的吸附性能,近年来在催化及气敏领域都显示出了较好的应用前景”,’‘．然而有关LaFe03的合成方法及形成过程的研究,特别是各种络合剂对LaFeo。形成的影响,目前文献报导尚不多．本文将采用直接硝酸盐分解法和加入络合剂的硝酸盐分解法,研究和比较柠檬酸、醋酸,EDTA三种络合剂对LaFe03晶相形成的影响．1实验部分1．五样品制备样品制备分别采用混合硝酸盐分解法和络合分解法,混合硝酸盐分解法是用分析纯试剂La（＊0。）。·6认O,似＊O小·9o0,按La：Fe＝1：1的比例配…     

微波水热改性制备S2 /Fe2O3-SiO2固体酸及催化性能

对共沉淀法得到的Fe2O3-SiO2混合氧化物前驱物进行微波水热改性处理，经浸渍（NH4）2S2O8后再焙烧得S2O8^2-／Fe2O3-SiO2固体酸催化剂。用XRD、TEM、N2气吸附／脱附及化学分析方法对其进行了表征，用乙酸／丁醇酯化催化反应评估固体酸的催化性能，并与通常条件下制得的催化剂进行了比较。结果显示，引入SiO2会延迟Fe2O3晶体的形成与长大；对前驱物用250W的微波水热改性处理1．5h，制得的固体酸具有适中的比表面积、均匀的孔径分布，含硫量为6．02％，比表面积为37．1m^2／g。该固体酸对乙酸丁醇酯化反应有很高的催化活性，催化酯化反应3h，乙酸的转化率高达97．7％。     

La2O3助剂对CH4部分氧化制氢Ni-Cu/ZrSiO催化剂的影响

用等体积浸渍法制备了ZrO2-SiO2(ZrSiO)表面复合氧化物负载的Ni-Cu双金属催化剂，并用TPR、XPS、IR、TPD及微反技术考察了稀土La2O3助剂对CH4和H2O在Ni-Cu/ZrSiO催化剂表面上的吸附及甲烷部分氧化制氢反应性能的影响。结果表明，加入La2O3助剂使催化剂表面Ni, Cu原子电子云密度增加，CH4和H2O在催化剂表面上的吸附增强；在反应温度450 ℃、进料摩尔比n-CH4∶nO2∶nH2O＝1∶0-5∶2-5以及甲烷空速SV(CH4)＝1 200 h－1的条件下，催化剂Ni-Cu-La2O3/ZrSiO上CH4转化率大于90％，生成H2的选择性高于99％，副产物CO的选择性仅为1.1％。根据实验结果，讨论了La2O3助催化剂的作用机理。     

负载钛水合氧化物球状吸附剂的孔结构及其对氟离子吸附性能的研究

以大孔吸附树脂为基体，用Ｔｉ（ｎ－ＯＣ４Ｈ９）４浸渍基体树脂后．在一定条件下使该醇盐水解，制得由钛水合氧化物负载的球状吸附剂。本文研究了这种吸附剂的孔结构及其对氟离子的吸附性能。     

稀土元素氯化物水合物的脱水过程与水解反应的机理

熔盐电解法制取稀土金属时,所用的无水稀土氯化物是由相应的水合物在减压下加热脱水而制得的。弄清楚脱水过程的机理,避免氯化物水解生成氯氧化物,以期制得纯净的无水氯化稀土,这对于提高电解时的电流效率,降低金属产品中的含氧量,是很重要的。为此我们研究了全部稀土元素氯化物水合物的脱水过程和气相水解反应的机理,确定了一些中间水合     

Sn—Mo混合氧化物的结构与催化性能

Sn－Mo混合氧化物是一种较好的催化剂，它对低碳烯烃氧化制饱和酮［1］，丁烯氧化脱氢制丁二烯和丁二烯氧化制顺丁烯二酸酐[2]等选择氧化反应都有很好的催化活性．但是，由于其结晶度差，人们对Sn－Mo混合氧化物的形成过程研究较少，我们曾研究过不同配比的Sn－Mo混合氧化物的结构与催化活性的关系[3]．本文用XPS、XRD、ESR等方法研究了不同焙烧温度的Sn0.8Mo0.2混合氧化物的催化活性与结构，目的是进一步研究Sn－Mo混合氧化物的形成过程．称取45．2gSnCl2·2H2O溶于蒸馏水中，滴加氨水生成Sn（OH）2·xH2O白色沉淀，用NH4OH和…     

重稀土复合氧化物多孔板状催化剂用于氨氧化制硝酸的研究 Ⅱ.轻、重稀土复合氧化物催化剂反应性能的比较

由于含稀土的钙钛矿型复合氧化物催化剂具有很好的反应热稳定性,有可能取代工业用贵金属催化剂。长春应用化学研究所用含轻稀土(镧)的钴系复合氧化物对氨氧化制硝酸的催化作用进行了研究,效果较好。为了进一步开发和利用我国丰富的稀土资源,从工业生产的效益出发,我们试图用价廉的混合重稀土取代纯轻稀土制备NH_3氧化制硝酸工业用催化剂。     

负载钛水合氧化物球状吸附剂的孔结构及其对氟离子吸附性能…

以大孔吸附树脂为基体，用Ｔｉ（ｎ－ＯＣ４Ｈ９）４浸渍基体树脂后，在一定条件下使该醇盐水解，制得由钛水合氧化物负载的球状吸附剂。本文研究了这种吸附剂的孔结构及其对氟离子的吸附性能。     

二(环戊二烯基)氯化镨和二茚基稀土氯化物的合成

二(环戊二烯基)氯化镨的合成已知的二(环戊二烯基)稀土氯化物(C_5H_5)_2LnCl(Ln=Sm～Lu)均为重稀土化合物.曾有人试图合成二(环戊二烯基)轻稀土(Ln=La～Nd)氯化物但未获成功,认为是由于镧系收缩和轻稀土配位的不饱和性.然而,用取代环戊二烯基和茚基或含螯合物为配位体却可以合成轻稀土的化合物.我们采用 NdCl_3·2THF 和环戊二烯钠在 THF 溶液中室温下反应制得了(C_5H_5)_2NdCl·THF.它具有二聚体的结构,属单斜晶系,空间群为 P2_1/c,该化合物在抽空加热下脱 THF,得到组成符合(C_5H_5)_2NdCl 的残余物.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.