化学类研究生专业英语课程教学方法的探索

简要分析了新教师承担研究生专业英语课程教学的优缺点,以及目前该门课程教学存在的问题,着重在教学方法上提出一些探索,采用夯实基础、提高技能和实践训练“三步曲”模式,重点在实践训练中引入一些富有新颖性的环节,期望激发学生兴趣,提高教学效果。     

传统与半开放协同实验教学的设计与实施——以“苯佐卡因的合成”为例

以"苯佐卡因的合成"为例,探讨了传统与半开放协同教学模式在复杂有机合成实验教学中的应用。在本实验的教学过程中,既利用传统教学模式为学生奠定知识和技能基础,又引入半开放模式激发学生学习积极性和训练学生独立思考的能力。采用新的教学模式取得了更好的教学效果。这提示创新教学模式可以作为提高教学效果的可行手段。     

基于应用创新型人才培养的化工制图教学改革

以培养应用创新型人才为目标，针对我校化工制图教学中存在的不足，通过教学内容优化、教学模式革新、师资队伍强化和考核方式多元化等系列措施，重构了化工制图课程教学体系。教学实践表明：改革后的化工制图课程教学体系激发了学生的学习兴趣，提高了学生识图和绘图的技能，强化了学生的创新实践能力和自主学习能力，取得了良好的教学效果。     

基于创新能力培养的物理化学教学模式探索与实践

在物理化学教学中开展创新教育,对培养学生的创新意识和创新能力有着极其重要的作用。从延伸设问、布置另类作业、改进实验考核办法、丰富综合和设计实验内涵、加强综合训练和利用网络教学资源等方面,结合教学改革实践,对在物理化学教学中实施创新教育的教学模式进行了探讨。     

综合性化学实验的线上线下混合式教学——以水泥分析为例

水泥熟料分析是一个经典的综合性实验,涉及重量分析和配位滴定分析的很多原理及操作。为了有效开展实验教学、缩短课堂讲解时间、客观评价学生实验数据及结果,我们开展了线上线下混合式教学,引导学生课前自主学习,训练学生综合和创新实验技能。这一改革提高了实验教学质量,取得了较好的教学效果。     

大学生科研创新训练的探索与实践——以1,4-二(1-羧亚甲基-4-咪唑基)苯的合成为例

开展了以1,4-二(1-羧亚甲基-4-咪唑基)苯的合成为内容的大学生科研创新训练,从化合物合成路线设计、结构表征、性质研究等方面进行探索与实践。结果表明,大学生科研实践能有效地促进理论知识体系和实践技能相整合,提高学生的综合素质和创新能力。     

理科高等院校高分子化学综合实验的创新设计与教学实践

结合近些年我们的教学实践,介绍了为适应综合性理科高等院校不再单独设立高分子本科专业的办学要求,南京大学在综合化学实验课程体系中开设高分子综合性实验的内容设置及教学安排。实验内容主要包括综合性实验和研究性实验两大类,综合性实验要能较为全面地涵盖高分子学科的基本知识点和学生必须掌握的各种实验技能,研究性实验为科研型课题实验。紧密结合研究前沿的创新实验设计起到沟通教学实验与科学研究工作的桥梁作用,缩短了学生进入科研实验室从事课题研究上手的时间,取得了比较好的教学效果。     

化学课堂教学中的变化技能

变化技能是一项基本教学技能。中学化学课的内容非常丰富,化学教师如果能很好地掌握和运用变化技能,就会增强授课对学生的吸引力,获得较好的教学效果。师范院校的学生和新教师对此项教学技能进行学习和训练,是很必要的。一、什么是变化技能变化技能是指在课堂教学中,教师为了引起学生的注意、减轻学生的疲劳、激起学生兴趣、启发学生的思维,而用变换信息传递方式或教学活动形式来改变对学生的刺激的一类教学行为。二、变化技能的功能教师在化学课堂教学中运用变化技能,主要有以下几方面的作用：1．激发并保持学生对教学活动的注意注…     

问题引导型教学方式在无机化学教学中的应用

讨论了在无机化学教学中实施问题引导式教学方式的具体措施,包括重组教学内容,采用互动式教学方法、设计创新型实践作业等方法。以期进一步培养学生的自主学习能力,发展综合思考与创新思维能力,加强合作和表达等能力,提高教学效果。     

如何实现从高校基础化学课程到本科科研创新的跨越式发展——从学生角度分享高校科研创新成长经历

化学学科在高等教育阶段对人才的培养涉及多个方面,包括专业基础知识的掌握、研究理论的了解和各项实验技能的训练实践。其中,一个良好的科研训练环境非常重要,它不仅能让学生对专业知识进行实践、熟练掌握各种实验技能,还能对科学研究思维的培养起到作用。以2019级本科生参与科研实践和科创竞赛为主线,详细介绍了从大学初期进入课题组了解参与科学研究到成功申请“国家级大学生创新创业训练计划”的过程,以及期间参加科创竞赛的经历,通过分享经验与做法为即将参与本科科研创新训练的同学提供参考。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.