微波消解ICP-MS测定大葱中微量元素含量

建立大葱中Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu等4种元素的电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定方法。样品采用微波消解,以Ge为内标,ICP-MS测定各元素含量。结果表明,该法精密度RSD值1.01%~1.33%,回收率98.8%~101.5%,检出限0.013~0.035?g/m L。该法灵敏、准确、快捷,符合大葱中微量元素测定要求。     

ICP—AES法测定菜头肾中多种微量元素

为探讨测定菜头肾中多种微量元素的方法,采用HNO3-HC lO4体系湿法消化,运用ICP-AES法测定了菜头肾中的多种微量元素。结果表明,菜头肾中K、Ca、Mg、P、S、A l、Na、Fe、Mn等元素含量相对较高,变异系数范围在0.23%~8.92%之间,元素的回收率在82.9%~106.1%之间。该法简便快速,可同时测定菜头肾中多种微量元素。     

市售蘑菇中微量元素测定分析

采用原子吸收分光光度法测定了银川市大型超市里10种新鲜蘑菇中的锰、铁、锌和铜含量。各元素测定方法的变异系数为1.9%~4.2%,回收率在92.1%~104.0%之间。结果表明,锰、铁、锌和铜在蘑菇中含量的分布分别为6.75%~23.64%,80.37%~233.40%,28.00%~118.7%,2.55%~40.69%。测定结果对评价市售蘑菇微量元素营养价值具有参考意义。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定生榨甘蔗汁中的微量元素

目的研究测定生榨甘蔗汁中微量元素测定方法,是了解生榨甘蔗汁中微量元素营养成分的必需。方法电感耦合等离子体发射光谱测定法(ICP-AES)。结果方法中各元素的检测限为0.001~0.01μg·mL-1,准确度为97.0%~106.0%,精密度为1.01%~3.62%。结论本法检测限低、准确度高、精密度好,可应用于生榨甘蔗汁中多元素同时测定。     

动态反应池-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定甘草中微量元素

甘草试样用硝酸和过氧化氢在Mars型微波消解仪中进行处理,用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定试样中6种微量元素(镍、铅、铬、镉、砷、硒)的含量。用动态反应池技术消除质谱测定中的多原子离子光谱干扰。在优化试验条件下,方法的检出限(3s)在0.013～0.12μg.L-1之间。方法用于灌木枝叶标准物质中微量元素的测定,测定值与认定值相符。     

湿法消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定鱼饲料中19种微量元素

采用湿法消解处理样品,建立了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定鱼饲料中Cr、Ni、Cd、Pb、As等19种微量元素的方法。通过优化ICP-AES仪器的各项参数,在所选的条件下,所测元素校准曲线的线性相关系数均在0.999以上,加标回收率范围为90.7%~107%,相对标准偏差在0.48%~9.7%。采用国家标准物质"GBW07602(GSV-1)"验证,测定值与标准值相符。方法简单快捷,准确可靠,适合鱼饲料中微量元素的日常分析。     

电感耦合等离子体光谱法测定维药阿里红中的微量元素

为建立用电感耦合等离子体光谱法测定维药阿里红中微量元素及含量的方法,用硝酸-高氯酸进行消解,电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定了维药阿里红样品中Al、B、Ba、Ca、Co、Cr、Li、Mg、Mn、Cu、Fe、Ni、P、Sr、Ti、V、Zn等多种微量元素。结果表明,维药阿里红中含有比较丰富的Ca、Mg元素。ICP-AES法测定简单,快速,灵敏度高,准确,其相对标准偏差为0.36%~2.52%,回收率为95.8%~101.3%,且多元素同时测定,适用于维药阿里红中微量元素的测定。     

ICP-OES测定熊肉中7种微量元素的含量

采用等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定棕熊肉中的微量元素。熊肉中含有Cu,Al,Zn,Fe,Cr,Ti,Tl等7种微量元素。该方法对各元素的检出限为0.0004~0.006 mg/L,各元素相对标准偏差在1.12%~6.19%,加标回收率96%~102%。7种微量元素中Al、Fe、Zn的含量较高。     

中药虎杖微量元素含量的测定

用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP)测定了虎杖中微量元素的含量。结果表明,其Ca、Mg、Zn等元素的含量都比较丰富,分析结果的相对标准偏差为1.35%~7.35%,回收率为95.6%~103%,结果令人满意。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-OES)测定地下水中多种元素

应用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-OES)测定地下水中钾、钠、钙、镁、铁、锰元素的含量,使用分光光度法测定氟的含量,测定的相对标准偏差为0.7%~2.8%,加标回收率为92.1%~105.2%。结果表明,大部分地区地下水中钠和氟化物的含量均偏高,常量与微量元素的组成含量差别不大。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.