磷酸蒸馏-离子色谱法测定药物中的氰根总量

建立了磷酸蒸馏-离子色谱法测定药物中氰根总量的方法。样品在加入磷酸的环境下,加热蒸馏,将氰根转化成氰化氢的形式被蒸馏出来,经过冷凝管后被氢氧化钠溶液吸收。吸收液用离子色谱-安培检测器测定氰根含量。离子色谱条件:IonPac AS11-HC色谱柱(250mm×4mm)和IonPac AG11-HC保护柱(50mm×4mm),流量1.0mL·min~(-1),4mmol·L~(-1)氢氧化钠淋洗液。氰根的质量浓度在0.02～1.0mg·L~(-1)内与其峰面积之间呈线性关系,相关系数为0.999 7,检出限(3S/N)为0.004 mg·L~(-1),样品的加标回收率为100%～102%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.0%～2.1%。该方法灵敏度好、精密度和重复性高,有效避免了药物基体的干扰,为难以消除的基体药物中氰根的测定提供新方法和新思路。     

浊点萃取-高效液相色谱法测定铜、钴

讨论了以5-Br-PADAP为衍生试剂,用Triton X-114非离子表面活性剂浊点萃取富集铜（Ⅱ）、钴（Ⅱ）的条件,并于ODS柱上,用内含2．0mmol·L^-1十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTMAB）和5mmol·L^-1 pH5．0 HAc—NaAc缓冲溶液的V（甲醇）＋V（乙腈）＋V（水）=67＋8＋25混合液作流动相．检测波长为568nm,流量为0．8mL·min^-1。,发展了浊点萃取-高效液相色谱法测定铜、钴的新方法。在选定条件下,大多数离子不干扰测定,方法灵敏度高,经浊点萃取后可提高测定响应值7—8倍,对铜、钴的检测限分别为0．5μg·L^-1,0．8μg·L^-1。方法可用于水样中钴（Ⅱ）、铜（Ⅱ）的测定,结果令人满意。     

离子色谱法测定氯化石蜡中的总氯量

采用氧瓶燃烧法处理氯化石蜡样品,用离子色谱测定吸收液中Cl^-的方法来确定氯化石蜡的总氯量。在Metrosep A SUPP5型阴离子分离柱上,以3．2mmol／LNa2CO3和1．0mmol／LNaHCO3混合溶液作为淋洗液,抑制型电导检测,检出限为0．87μg／L,线性范围0．1—4mg／L,相对标准偏差与回收率分别为1．71％～2．14％、94．4％-103．1％。该方法简便、快速,结果与国家标准法比较无显著性差异。     

高效液相色谱法测定香连丸及组方药材中5种活性组分的含量

建立了香连丸及组方药材中药根碱、巴马汀、小檗碱、木香烃内酯和去氢木香内酯的含量测定方法．采用反相高效液相色谱,Hypersil ODS（5μm,4．6mm×250mm）色谱柱,流动相为乙腈：水（70：30,V：V）,流速1．0mL／min,柱温30℃,检测波长为210n／n测定木香烃内酯和去氢木香内酯的含量;采用高效液相胶束色谱,Kromasil ODS（5la,m,4．6mm×150mm）色谱柱,流动相为0．2mol／LNaH2P04水溶液：7．00mmol／L十二烷基硫酸钠：乙腈（35：35：30,V：V：V）,流速1．0mL／min,柱温30℃,检测波长为350nm测定药根碱、巴马汀、小檗碱的含量．结果显示5种活性成分在适当的线性范围内均具有良好的线性关系（r大于0．9993）,平均回收率在87．67％～102．37％之间,RSD小于3．13％;结果表明方法简便、灵敏、准确,重现性好．     

离子色谱法直接测定聚合级乙二醇中痕量氯离子

分别采用KOH和Na_2CO_3/NaHCO_3淋洗液体系,建立了离子色谱直接测定聚合级乙二醇中痕量氯离子含量的两种方法。采用抽真空手动进样方式,分别以IonPac AS19(4 mm×250mm)为分析柱,IonPac AG19(4mm×50mm)为保护柱,5mmol·L~(-1) KOH溶液为淋洗液;以IonPac AS23(4mm×250mm)为分析柱,IonPac AG23(4mm×50mm)为保护柱,4.5mmol·L~(-1)Na_2CO_3-0.8mmol·L~(-1) NaHCO_3混合溶液为淋洗液进行分离,以电导检测器检测。两种方法中,氯离子的质量比在一定范围内与峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(10S/N)分别为0.002,0.006mg·kg~(-1),加标回收率分别为94.7%~100%,92.3%~99.8%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=3)小于5.0%。两种方法测定聚合级乙二醇中痕量氯离子的结果具有一致性。     

离子色谱法测定环丁砜中痕量阴离子

采用离子交换树脂处理除去样品中杂质干扰组分,很好地消除了基体效应。以Dionex AS9-HC作为分离柱,AG9-HC作为保护柱,9mmol·L^-1碳酸钠溶液作为淋洗液,抑制电导检测。离子色谱法测定环丁砜中氯离子、硝酸根、硫酸根阴离子,检出限分别为14,39,54μg·L^-1,方法的回收率在104.2％～123．2％之间。     

柱后衍生-离子色谱法测定面粉中痕龄逅嵫蔚难芯

采用离子交换柱后衍生离子色谱法测定面粉中痕量溴酸盐的含量。选用高容量柱,以9．0mmol／L Na2CO3溶液为流动相,邻二甲氧基联苯胺盐酸盐（ODA）等为柱后衍生剂,在450nm波长处检测。样品处理包括溶剂溶解、超声浸提、沉淀离心、过滤分离等步骤,BrO3^-的检出限为0．033μg/L（3σ）,线性范围为0．2～260μg／L,样品分析结果的相对标准偏差（RSI））小于2％（n=6）,加标回收率在92％～101％之间。共存离子F^-、Cl^-、Br^-、NO3^-、NO2^-、PO4^3-、SO4^2-以及苯甲酸、山梨酸、甜蜜素、糖精钠、柠檬酸、酒石酸等食品添加剂均对测定无干扰。     

离子色谱法测定地下水中的乙酸根含量

对地下水样品除氯后，选用1．35mmol／LNa2CO3-1．00mmol／LNaHCO3混合溶液作淋洗液，用离子色谱法测定地下水样品中乙酸根的含量，乙酸根浓度在0～5．00mg／L范围内与电导率峰高呈线性关系，线性回归方程为H=15950．6c-442．7，相关系数为0．9994，方法的检出限为0．05mg／L，加标回收率为101％-110％，测定结果的相对标准偏差为2．3％。     

离子色谱法测定脱硫石膏粉中硫酸钙含量

用离子色谱法测定了脱硫石膏粉中硫酸根的含量,并以此换算成硫酸钙的质量分数。样品(0.050 0g)溶于盐酸(1+1)溶液0.5mL中,于容量瓶中定容为100mL,静置24h后定量移取部分上清液稀释25倍。分取20μL进样作离子色谱分析。样液经过Metrosep A SUPP1柱净化,流出液通过Metrosep A SUPP5阴离子交换柱,以含1.8 mmol·L-1碳酸钠溶液和1.7mmol·L-1碳酸氢钠溶液的混合溶液为流动相进行淋洗,采用抑制电导检测。以实际样品为基体在2个浓度水平上加入硫酸根标准溶液进行回收试验,测得回收率大于95%。对同一样品作8次测定,测定值的相对标准偏差小于1%。     

固相萃取柱净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定助眠类保健品中22种禁用安神类药物的含量

应用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定了助眠类保健品中22种禁用安神类药物的含量。将样品连同其包衣和胶囊壳一起研碎后称取1.000g样品用甲醇溶解,经涡旋混匀并超声15min,用甲醇定容至25.0mL。离心后取上清液5.00mL,经Oasis PRiME HLB固相萃取柱净化处理,收集经净化的流出液,与用于淋洗固相萃取柱的甲醇2mL合并,于40℃下吹氮至溶液近干。用体积比为1∶1的0.05%(体积分数,下同)甲酸-甲醇混合溶液1.00mL溶解残渣,所得溶液经过0.22μm滤膜过滤,滤液供色谱分离。选用Poroshell 120EC-C18色谱柱(50mm×3.0mm,2.7μm)作为固定相,用不同比例的(A)含0.05%甲酸的5mmol·L^-1乙酸铵溶液和(B)乙腈的混合溶液作为流动相按程序进行梯度洗脱。质谱测定中采用电喷雾离子源和多反应监测模式。结果表明:22种禁用安神类药物的标准曲线中有17种线性范围为4~800μg·L^-1,有1种为40~8 000μg·L^-1,还有4种为400~80 000μg·L^-1,其检出限(3S/N)为0.02~2μg·g-1。用标准加入法进行回收试验,测得回收率为81.2%~98.9%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为3.1%~9.7%。     

Determination of sulfur anions by ion chromatography-postcolumn derivation and UV detection

A novel method for determination of formaldehyde sulfoxylate,sulfite,thiocyanate,and thiosulfate in foodstuffs by ion chromatography separation with postcolumn derivation and UV detection has been developed.All species are separated at Dionex IonPac AG22A and AS22A with mobile phase of a mixture of 4.5 mmol/L sodium carbonate and 0.8 mmol/L sodium bicarbonate at a flow-rate of 1.0mL/min.The postcolumn derivation solution was 0.24%iodine in 0.2%phosphate acid and the detection wavelength was set at 288 nm...     

Stabilization of sulfide and sulfite and ion-pair chromatography of mixtures of sulfide, sulfite, sulfate and thiosulfate

Ion chromatography of sulfide, sulfite, sulfate and thiosulfate in a mixture is often difficult because of instability of sulfide and sulfite, poor separation of sulfide from common anions such as bromide or nitrate and similar elution-times for sulfite and sulfate. An ion-pair chromatographic method for the determination of these sulfur anions has been established by stoichiometric conversion of sulfide and sulfite into stable thiocyanate and sulfate, respectively, prior to the chromatographic run. Sulfate, thiosulfate and thiocyanate were resolved on an octadecylsilica column with an acetonitrile-water mobile phase containing tetrapropylammonium salt (TPA) as an ion-paring reagent, and thiosulfate and thiocyanate in the effluent could be measured with a photometric detector (220 nm) and sulfate with a suppressed conductivity detector. When an acetonitrile-water (6:94, v/v) mobile phase (pH 5.0) containing 15 mM TPA and small amounts of acetic acid was used at a flow-rate of 0.6 ml min(-1), the three anions could be eluted within 32 min. Calibration plots of peak height versus concentration for sulfide (detected as thiocyanate) and thiosulfate gave straight lines up to 35 and 60 microM, respectively. The calibration plot for sulfide coincided with that obtained by using thiocyanate. A calibration plot for sulfite, measured as sulfate, was also linear up to 135 microM and was in accord with that of sulfate. Each calibration plot gave a correlation coefficient greater than 0.999. For six replicates obtained for a mixture of 30.0 microM sulfide, 50.0 microM sulfite, 50.0 microM sulfate and 20.0 microM thiosulfate, the proposed method gave a mean value of 30.1 microM with a standard deviation (SD) of 0.77 microM and a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.6% for sulfide, 101 microM (SD = 3.5 microM, RSD = 3.5%) for the total of sulfite and sulfate and 20.1 microM (SD = 0.44 microM, RSD = 2.2%) for thiosulfate. Recoveries for sulfide, sulfite plus sulfate, and thiosulfate in hot-spring water samples using the proposed method were found to be quantitative.     

Analysis of Total Non-Volatile Non-Sulfide Reduced Sulfur in Potable and Untreated Surface and Groundwaters

Abstract

An analytical method was developed to measure the total concentration of non-volatile non-sulfide reduced sulfur in treated and untreated surface and groundwater. The method was based on the alkaline reduction by Raney nickel (prepared in situ from Raney alloy) of organic and inorganic sulfur compounds (in oxidation states below +6) to sulfide. Sulfide was swept out of the reflux apparatus under nitrogen into a trap of zinc acetate and determined colorimetrically as ethylene blue. The recoveries obtained from solutions of elemental sulfur, sulfide, sulfite, thiosulfate, tetrathionate, cysteine, cystine, methionine, glutathione, allylthiourea, sulfanilamide and thiocyanate ranged from 84–102% with typical recoveries of approximately 90%. Sulfate was not detectable by the procedure. Chlorine present in potable water samples interfered in the procedure and was removed with sodium borohydride. The relative standard deviation of the method varied from 0.25 to 5.6% and averaged 3%. The detection limit based on a 500 mL sample was 3 mg m^?3.     

一种新型三角架罗丹明B荧光探针对Cu～（2＋）识别性能研究

设计、合成了一种新颖的三角架结构罗丹明B衍生物（2）.在乙醇-水（8/1,V/V）介质中,用Tris-HCl控制体系pH为6.8,观察到Cu^2＋对化合物2的荧光及紫外-可见吸收增强性能,同时化合物2对Cu^2＋具有较高的选择性响应.选择最大激发和发射波长为557/577nm,测定了探针2（1.00×10^-5mol·L^-1）对Cu^2＋响应的校准曲线,线性范围为0.10～10.00×10^-5mol·L^-1,相关系数R^2=0.9964（n=15）,检出限为1.129×10^-7mol·L^-1,平行测定5次的相对标准偏差（R.S.D.）为2.2%;以557nm为最大吸收波长测定紫外吸收,Cu^2＋响应的浓度线性范围为0.50～25.00×10^-5mol·L^-1,相关系数R^2=0.9948（n=13）,检出限为3.338×10^-7mol·L^-1.     

Quantification of sulfur and sulfur-containing compounds in wastewaters by means of a combination of liquid chromatographic methods

Low-micromolar concentrations of sulfite, thiosulfate and sulfide, present in synthetic wastewater or anaerobic digester effluent, were quantified by means of derivatization with monobromobimane, followed by HPLC separation with fluorescence detection. The concentration of elemental sulfur was determined, after its extraction with chloroform from the derivatized sample. by HPLC with UV detection. Recoveries of sulfide (both matrices), and of thiosulfate and sulfite (synthetic wastewater) were between 98 and 103%. The in-run RSDs on separate derivatizations were 13 and 19% for sulfite (two tests), between 1.5 and 6.6% for thiosulfate (two tests) and between 4.1 and 7.7% for sulfide (three tests). Response factors for derivatives of sulfide and thiosulfate, but not sulfite, were steady over a 13-month period during which 730 samples were analysed. Dithionate and tetrathionate did not seem to be detectable with this method. The distinctness of the elemental sulfur and the derivatizing-agent peaks was improved considerably by detecting elution at 297 instead of 263 nm.     

葡萄糖氧化酶在羟基磷灰石／Nation复合膜修饰电极上的直接电化学及其对葡萄糖的生物传感

将葡萄糖氧化酶固定于羟基磷灰石（HAp）-Nation复合膜,构建了高灵敏、高选择性的葡萄糖传感器．羟基磷灰石和Nation良好的协同作用,可以有效地提高传感器的稳定性与灵敏度．实验结果表明：固定在复合膜修饰电极上的葡萄糖氧化酶呈现出一对较好的近乎可逆的氧化还原峰,并且对葡萄糖的氧化有良好的催化作用,同时消耗溶解氧,从而导致溶解氧还原峰的降低．在-0.8V处,随葡萄糖浓度的增加,葡萄糖氧化酶催化葡萄糖氧化时消耗溶解氧的量增加,溶解氧还原电流逐渐降低,因此该修饰电极可以作为葡萄糖传感器实现对葡萄糖的高灵敏检测．在0．12～2．16mmol·L^-1浓度范围内,溶解氧还原电流的降低与葡萄糖的浓度成正比,据此可以测定出溶液中葡萄糖的浓度,该传感器的检出限和灵敏度分别为0．02mmol·L^-1（SIN=3）和6．75mA·mol·L^-1．因此,HAp-Nation复合膜为酶的固定和直接电化学研究提供了一个新的有效平台,在构建新型无试剂葡萄糖传感器方面具有较大的应用前景．     

水中微量硅的硅钼蓝光度法测定——还原剂的研究

研究和配制了一种甲醛合次硫酸氢钠和亚硫酸钠的混合液作为水中微量硅（硅钼蓝）光度法测定的还原剂，其还原能能力、稳定性、准确度均较好，适用于多种水源中微量硅的测定。     

间接荧光检测离子色谱法分析维生素C、亚硫酸根和硫代硫酸根

报道了一种用离子色谱分析维生素Ｃ、亚硫酸根和硫代硫酸根离子的新方法。在这种方法中采用了四价铈柱后氧化还原反应和三价铈荧光检测法。同时也给出了使用这种方法的一些最佳的实验条件。     

离子色谱法测定魔芋精粉、虾中亚硫酸盐

魔芋精粉和虾样品经水蒸气蒸馏除去杂质的干扰,在密闭容器中对样品进行酸化,在氮气流的保护下蒸馏,用甲醛溶液吸收释放出的二氧化硫,提出了离子色谱法测定样品中亚硫酸盐含量的方法。以IonPacAS9-HC色谱柱,以8mmol.L-1碳酸钠-2.5mmol.L-1氢氧化钠溶液为淋洗液等度洗脱,用电导检测器测定。亚硫酸盐的质量浓度在6.0mg.L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为4.0mg.kg-1。方法用于魔芋精粉和虾样品分析,回收率在88.1%～98.3%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=8)在1.4%～6.6%之间。