超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱法快速筛查睫毛用化妆品中前列腺素F2α类化合物

采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF MS/MS)技术,建立了睫毛用化妆品中9种前列腺素F2α类化合物(比马前列素、曲伏前列素、他氟前列素、他氟乙酰胺、拉坦前列素、比马前列素酸甲基酯、氯前列醇异丙基酯、15-酮-曲伏前列素、比马酰胺)的快速定性筛查方法。样品经乙腈超声提取,采用Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱,以2 mmol/L甲酸铵水溶液(含0.05%甲酸)-乙腈为流动相,分离后进入四极杆飞行时间质谱,采用电喷雾离子源正离子模式(ESI+),以MSE模式进行数据采集,建立了9种前列腺素F2α类化合物的筛查数据库。9种化合物在各自质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r²)均大于0.99,检出限为0.075～0.75μg/g,定量下限为0.25～2.5μg/g。所建立的筛查数据库无需对照品即可对化妆品中的9种前列腺素F2α类化合物进行筛查。结果表明,该方法特异性良好,应用于48批睫毛类化妆品的定性筛查具有良好的选择性,可为化妆品中前列腺素F2α类化合物的筛查分析提供技术支...     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定化妆品中水杨酸

提出了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定化妆品中水杨酸含量的方法。化妆品试样用甲醇溶解,振荡提取20 min,离心分离取上清液过ACQUITYTMBET C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm)并用乙腈和甲酸-水(0.3+99.7)溶液(体积比6比4)的混合溶液作为流动相进行分离,串联质谱法进行测定。采用正离子模式多反应监测,同位素内标法定量。水杨酸的线性范围为1.0~5.0×103μg.L-1,方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.15μg.L-1,测定下限(10S/N)为0.50μg.L-1。方法用于分析8种化妆品试样,回收率在97.3%~107.0%之间,相对标准偏差(n=5)在2.0%~3.8%之间。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定婴幼儿辅助饼干食品中黄曲霉毒素及其同系物

粉碎的婴幼儿辅助饼干食品样品经体积比为89∶10∶1的乙腈-水-乙酸混合液提取,采用净化剂为50mg十八烷基硅烷、30mg N-丙基乙二胺和30mg氨丙基的QuEChERS方法净化,采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定净化液中黄曲霉毒素B1、黄曲霉毒素B_2、黄曲霉毒素G_1、黄曲霉毒素G_2、O-甲基柄曲霉素、柄曲霉素、黄曲霉毒素M1、黄曲霉毒素M_2等8种黄曲霉毒素及其同系物的含量。以AQ-C_(18)HP色谱柱(2.1mm×100mm,3.0μm)为固定相,以不同体积比的含5mmol·L~(-1)乙酸铵的0.1%(体积分数)甲酸溶液和甲醇的混合液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,串联质谱分析中采用电喷雾离子源正离子扫描模式和多反应监测模式。8种黄曲霉毒素及其同系物的质量浓度在一定范围内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.05～0.10μg·kg~(-1),测定下限(10S/N)为0.15～0.30μg·kg~(-1)。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率为76.3%～95.9%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为3.1%～11%。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定农产品中矮壮素残留量

提出了农产品中矮壮素的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。样品经甲醇-水(1+1)溶液提取,正己烷液液萃取后,采用阳离子交换固相萃取柱净化。所得净化液以阳离子交换树脂与C18混合填料色谱柱为固定相,以含0.1%(体积分数)乙酸的乙腈-10mmol·L-1乙酸铵(1+1)溶液为流动相进行等度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子源,多反应监测模式检测,同位素内标法定量。矮壮素的线性范围为1.0~100μg·L-1,检出限(3S/N)为5μg·kg-1,测定下限(10S/N)为10μg·kg-1。矮壮素在10,100,500μg·kg-1等3个加标水平的回收率为90.5%~98.5%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.99%~2.2%之间。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定化妆品中非法添加的米诺地尔

采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定化妆品中非法添加的米诺地尔的含量。样品以饱和氯化钠溶液盐析破乳,用乙腈超声提取20 min,离心后,取上清液过0.22μm滤膜。以ACQUITY UPLC~BEH C18色谱柱为固定相,以不同体积比的0.2%(体积分数,下同)乙酸溶液和0.2%乙酸甲醇溶液的混合液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,串联质谱分析中采用电喷雾正离子源和多反应监测模式,采用同位素内标法定量。米诺地尔的线性范围为5～500μg·L~(-1),检出限(3S/N)为1ng·g~(-1)。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率为108%～114%,回收量的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.2%～2.8%。     

同位素稀释内标-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定植物性食品中的杂色曲霉素含量

提出了同位素稀释高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定植物性食品中的杂色曲霉素。植物性食品样品经乙腈-水混合液提取,提取液通过HLB SPE小柱净化并浓缩后,样品溶液在反相液相色谱柱上分离。MS/MS分析中采用电喷雾离子源离子化和多反应离子监测(MRM)检测,并用同位素稀释内标法定量。杂色曲霉素的线性范围在0.5~100μg·L~(-1)之间,其线性相关系数大于0.999。小麦和玉米样品的测定下限(10S/N)为0.5μg·kg~(-1),花生和黄豆样品的测定下限(10S/N)为0.8μg·kg~(-1)。以不同的植物性食品作为基体,分别加入不同浓度水平的杂色曲霉素标准液,按方法进行回收试验,测得回收率在88.2%~105%之间;测定值的日内相对标准偏差(n=6)小于7.5%,日间相对标准偏差(n=3)小于9.0%。     

硅藻土负载TODGA分离-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定氧化铈中氧化钆、氧化铽

建立了硅藻土负载N,N,N′,N′-四辛基-3-氧戊二酰胺(TODGA)分离柱分离,电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定氧化铈中氧化钆、氧化铽含量的方法。试样用50%(体积分数)硝酸溶液和30%过氧化氢溶解,取含氧化铈50 mg的样品溶液导入自制的硅藻土负载TODGA的分离柱(连接一个蠕动泵,用于控制流量),用pH 1.5的硝酸溶液以2.0 mL·min~(-1)流量淋洗分离柱,直至淋洗液中铈的质量浓度小于1 000μg·L~(-1)。用60 mL pH 0.92的盐酸溶液以2.0 mL·min~(-1)流量反洗待测元素钆和铽,弃去前20 mL反洗液,收集后40 mL反洗液并用水稀释至50 mL。在线加入10μg·L~(-1)铯内标溶液,用ICP-MS分析样品溶液中目标物的含量。结果显示,氧化钆、氧化铽的质量浓度均在50.00μg·L~(-1)以内与其对应的待测元素与内标元素强度比值呈线性关系,检出限(3s)分别为0.102,0.049μg·g~(-1)。方法用于实际样品分析,氧化钆和氧化铽的测定值分别为0.73,0.68μg·g~(-1),测定值的相对标准偏差(n=11)为4.8%和5.2%,加标回收率分别为101%和99.0%。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定纸质食品接触材料印刷紫外固化油墨中18种光引发剂的迁移量

选取4%(体积分数,下同)乙酸溶液、50%(体积分数,下同)乙醇溶液、95%乙醇溶液和橄榄油作为食品模拟物,模拟了食品接触材料在与不同类型食物接触下的迁移行为。采用液相色谱-串联质谱法测定纸质食品接触材料印刷紫外固化油墨中18种光引发剂的迁移量。迁移试验得到的水基食品模拟液,经过滤后直接进样测定;油基食品模拟液需要经乙腈提取后进行测定。以C18色谱柱为分离柱,以不同体积比的0.1%(体积分数)甲酸溶液和0.1%(体积分数)甲酸乙腈溶液的混合液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱分析采用多反应监测模式对18种光引发剂的定量离子和定性离子进行监测。18种光引发剂的质量浓度均在3.0～37.5μg·L~(-1)内或质量分数均在0.010～0.125mg·kg~(-1)内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,在4%乙酸溶液、50%乙醇溶液、95%乙醇溶液及橄榄油食品模拟物中的测定下限(10S/N)分别为0.03～2.97μg·L~(-1),0.02～2.91μg·L~(-1),0.03～2.88μg·L~(-1)和0.06～9.00ng·g~(-1)。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率为86.0%～114%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)不大于9.4%。     

高效液相色谱-质谱法测定尿液中痕量雷公藤春碱

提出了尿液中雷公藤春碱的高效液相色谱-质谱测定方法。尿液样品经Waters Oasis(MCX固相萃取小柱富集、净化后,以Zorbax Eclipse SB C18反相色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)为分离柱,以乙酸盐缓冲溶液-乙腈(40+60)为流动相,采用正离子模式大气压化学电离源,在选择离子监测模式下进行检测,雷公藤春碱的定量离子质荷比(m/z)为874.4。线性范围为0.2~50.0μg·L-1,检出限(3S/N)为0.07μg·L-1,测定下限(10S/N)为0.2μg·L-1。回收率在86.0%~92.0%之间,日内(n=6)和日间(n=15)相对标准偏差分别小于7.5%和10.5%。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定动物源性食品中35种兽药残留量

提出了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定动物源性食品中35种兽药残留量的方法。样品经含1%(体积分数)乙酸的乙腈提取,QuEChERS方法净化,所得净化液以Zobax Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱为分离柱,以不同体积比的0.1%甲酸(体积分数)溶液和乙腈混合液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子源和多反应监测模式检测。35种化合物的质量分数均在1~50μg·kg-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.02~1.07μg·kg-1之间,测定下限(10S/N)在0.08~3.58μg·kg-1之间。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在45.6%~121%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.4%~24%之间。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.