Pt电极上CO的同位素取代吸附机理研究

本文依据偶极耦合理论和相干势近似方法,合理选择粗糙电极上吸附分子的频率分布函数、一氧化碳(CO)吸附层的结构参数以及偶极耦合作用常数,对13CO/12CO同位素取代过程记录的红外光谱进行了拟合.研究发现,只有在拟合过程中引入低频CO分子优先取代,就可成功地模拟整个同位素取代过程的红外光谱随表面吸附的13CO/12CO组分的变化,并由此提出了吸附驱动的脱附机理,COad的脱附不是热激发脱附,而是吸附到表面的CO分子为其邻近位置COad的脱附提供能量.伸缩振动频率较低的COad处于台阶或缺陷位等较开阔的位置(尽管其吸附能较高),周围有较大的空间,利于来自溶液的CO分子的吸附,因此在台阶或缺陷位优先发生同位素的取代.     

Gaussian软件在红外光谱教学中的应用——溶剂效应

借助Gaussian软件帮助学生认识溶剂环境对分子特征基团振动光谱的影响,并以氮甲基乙酰胺和乙腈分子为例,在不同溶剂环境中进行分子结构的优化与红外光谱预测。研究结果表明,不同极性的溶剂与体系相互作用不同,使得分子特征基团振动光谱发生不同程度的频移。计算结果所建立的溶剂环境、分子结构和光谱频移之间的关系有助于深化学生对红外光谱中溶剂效应的认识,提高课堂教学效果,激发学生主动学习兴趣。     

氯代苯基卟啉-5-氟尿嘧啶化合物的光谱研究

合成了12种新型卟啉－5－氟尿嘧啶化合物,通过核磁共振谱,质谱,红外光谱,紫外光谱,荧光光谱及元素分析确定了其结构,并讨论了和总结了12种化合物光谱的关系特征及其规律,确定配体与5－氟尿嘧啶相连点是N1－H还是N2－H的判据。卟啉环上苯的1HNMR峰形受取代基氯原子位置影响较大,且化学位移向低场移动,不受卟啉链长短的影响。12种化合物的荧光强度都遵循双取代化合物高于单取代化合物的规律。     

取代基对吲哚查耳酮的UV和IR光谱的影响

前文报导了取代查耳酮,3H-吲哚盐类的紫外吸收光谱和Hammett常数的定量关系,以及取代基对双亚苄基丙酮红外光谱的影响。本文测试了11个吲哚取代查耳酮(其中7个为新化合物)的紫外光谱和红外光谱,并发现取代基常数△σ与λ_(max)和σ_p与υ(c=o)之间存在良好的线性关系。     

苯丙氨酸取代的丝氨酸八聚体离子的红外光解离光谱及其在手性分析中的应用

通过电喷雾电离的方法,结合质谱-红外解离光谱技术对苯丙氨酸取代的丝氨酸八聚体团簇离子的红外解离光谱手性效应进行了研究,获得了相应的团簇离子在2 700~3 600 cm~(-1)的红外解离光谱。实验结果显示,苯丙氨酸取代的丝氨酸八聚体团簇离子均存在明显的同手性优势。通过比较相应红外解离光谱图的差异或在特定波长处的红外解离质谱均可实现苯丙氨酸单元的手性区分。     

芳香族羟肟过渡金属配合物及其^1^5N同位素取代红外光谱位移和结构的研究

本文研究了芳香族羟肟过渡金属配合物的红外光谱。试用了^1^5N 和^6^3Cu, ^6^5Cu标记化合物来确定一些键的红外特征吸收频率和金属一配体键振动的吸收, 从而观察配位体与金属配位后的键能变化与配键稳定性的联系。本工作测试下列配位体和过渡金属配合物及其相应的^1^5N 同位素取代物4000~75cm^-^1的红外光谱。     

Gaussian软件在红外光谱学教学中的应用

探讨了Gaussian软件在红外光谱学教学中的具体应用,帮助学生在课堂上对分子的三维空间结构、振动光谱的理解、振动模式的指认与归属等方面有更加感性的认识,从而提高课堂趣味性,使得教学内容更为形象生动。     

3—取代烷氧基奎宁环烷盐酸盐的两个外消旋体红外光谱分析

３－取代烷氧基奎宁环烷盐酸盐，存在两个外消旋体，我们应用ＫＢｒ压片法和溶液法分别测定红外吸收光谱进行定性分析。选择两个外消旋体的固态红外光谱特征吸收峰按基线法进行定量分析，取样量在０．１～４ｍｇ范围与吸光度成线性关系。方法简便、快速，实验获得满意结果。     

邻烷氧基苯酚的相转移催化合成及其锂化合物的性质

前文曾报导邻位取代苯酚锂化合物的质谱和红外光谱性质,通过同位素~6Li和~7Li化合物的红外光谱差异,提出了在这类化合物中存在内锂键的可能性.对邻位甲氧基苯酚锂的低温红外光谱研究表明,这类锂化合物中可能存在有网状结构性质.为进一步深入了解这一性质,我们通过相转移催化反应合成了7个邻烷氧基苯酚,制得它们的~6Li和~7Li化合物,考察了它们的红外光谱和质谱性质.     

还原态钼铝催化剂上NO的吸附研究

通过对红外光谱及同位素交换反应后的分析 ,证明吸附在还原态钼铝催化剂上的NO是以双亚硝酰基形式存在的     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.