电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法快速测定华阳川铀多金属矿中铌和铅

采用氢氟酸-硝酸-高氯酸体系对华阳川铀多金属矿进行高温消解,并对消解条件进行优化,建立了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法对华阳川铀多金属矿中铌和铅元素进行测定的方法。结果表明,方法线性相关系数分别为0.9998和0.9999,两种元素在标准样品中的加标回收率为96.0%~104%,平行样的相对标准偏差为0.50%~3.3%。实际样品加标回收率为96.1%~102%。方法快速、准确。     

微波消解-分光光度法测定大豆中的硼量

研究了分光光度法测定大豆中的硼时样品的微波消解方法。建立了合理的分析步骤。进行了微波消解条件的选择及方法的精密度、准确度试验。试验结果表明:消解完全仅需20 min,相对标准偏差均小于7.6%,其方法的加标回收率为92%~105%。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定纳米银抗菌产品中多种微量元素

建立了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定4种纳米银抗菌产品中多种微量元素的分析方法。比较了湿法消解和微波消解这两种样品前处理方法对样品测定的影响,探讨了消除汞记忆效应的方法,并研究了待测元素的质谱干扰的消除。实验结果表明,采用Au(100μg/L)+HCl(2%)能较好地消除Hg的记忆效应。与湿法消解相比,微波消解可短时间消解样品并获得好的Hg回收率。在优化ICP-MS条件后,各元素线性相关系数均大于0.999。采用微波消解-ICP-MS法对样品进行加标回收,样品加标回收率在84.0%~109%,相对标准偏差在0.97%~13.2%。方法快速、简便,能够满足纳米银抗菌产品中微量元素的定量测定。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定废水中有害元素银的含量

为了寻求一种更加适合废水中低含量银的测定方法,本文采用石墨电热板消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定废水中的低含量银离子。通过仪器工作条件最优化、测定线性回归方程、检出限、准确度、精密度、实际样品加标回收率,并与电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-AES）的实际样品测定结果进行比对来评价该方法的实用性。石墨电热板消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法前处理方法简便,分析速度快且该方法检出限较低,为0.03ug/L,标准样品测定的相对误差为-0.7%～1.7%,相对标准偏差为1.1%～2.5%,实际样品加标回收率在97.0%～103%之间,回收率高,能够满足废水中低含量银的测定。     

ICP-AES法测定滑子蘑中的Cd、Cu、Pb和Zn

建立了采用V(HNO3)∶V(HClO4)=15∶2作消解液进行溶样,ICP-AES法同时测定滑子蘑中Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn的分析方法,进行了ICP工作参数的优化,消解条件的选择及消解结果精密度实验。在最佳测定条件下,4种元素标准曲线相关性好(r为0.9990~0.9995),线性范围宽,精密度RSD为0.4%~4.6%,样品加标回收率为91.0%~101.0%,已用于实际样品的测定。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定植物样品中的磷、硫

本方法采用微波消解处理样品,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定植物样品中的磷、硫的含量,选用优化微波消解条件进行消解,磷和硫方法最低检出限分别为0.925mg/kg、1.82 mg/kg。精密度RSD和相对误差RE均小于3%,对新鲜植物样品进行加标回收试验,加标回收率为90.5%~107%,证明本方法既可用于检测干植物样品,又可检测新鲜植物样品。     

螺旋藻中铅镉的ICP-MS测定

采用微波消解、高压罐消化以及HNO3 HClO4消化3种方法对螺旋藻样品进行处理,比较了不同方法产生的空白值和加标回收率。建立了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定螺旋藻样品中的铅镉的方法。铅镉检出限分别为0.06ng mL和0.05ng mL,RSD均小于3%,加标回收率在98%～101%之间。方法用于实际样品分析。     

微波消解–原子荧光光谱法测定卷烟中的砷

采用微波消解、氢化物发生–原子荧光光谱法测定烟丝、过滤材料和接装纸样品中的砷,确定了样品前处理的最佳条件与仪器测定条件。砷浓度在0～40 ng/mL之间时,标准工作曲线的线性相关系数大于0.999,砷的检出限为1 ng/g。通过测定国家标准物质和加标回收试验进行了方法验证,精密度和准确度均能满足样品的测试要求。在试验条件下,测定样品中砷的加标回收率为92%～102%,测定结果的相对标准偏差小于4.0%(n=5)。     

ICP-OES法快速测定华阳川铀多金属矿中铌和铅

采用氢氟酸-硝酸-高氯酸体系对华阳川铀多金属矿进行高温消解,并对消解条件进行优化。使用电感耦合高频等离子体原子发射光谱仪(ICP-OES),在最佳仪器条件下,对华阳川铀多金属矿中铌元素和铅元素进行检测。结果表明,方法线性相关系数为分别为0.9998和0.9999,两种元素在标准样品中的加标回收率在96.0% ~104% 之间,平行样的相对标准偏差约0.50%~3.32%。实际样品加标回收率约为96.1 % ~ 102 %。该分析测试方法可以对华阳川铀多金属矿中铌铅元素进行快速、准确的测定。     

微波消解-流动注射比浊法快速测定磷石膏中的SO_3

以磷石膏和磷石膏不同分解产物(含CaSO_4和CaS)为原料,采用微波消解,考察了消解压力、HCl浓度、消解时间对样品中硫酸钙溶出率的影响,获得了适宜的消解条件。消解压力为0.4MPa,HCl浓度为2mol/L,消解时间为60s时,磷石膏中CaSO_4的溶出率为98.3%。在此条件下,对磷石膏及磷石膏不同分解产物中SO_3含量进行测定,与传统分析方法相比,微波消解磷石膏样品结果的相对标准偏差均小于4%,方法的加标回收率为101%。最后,通过微波消解同流动注射比浊法的联用,对磷石膏固体样品中的SO_3含量进行测定,微波消解-流动注射比浊法可实现磷石膏不同分解产物样品中的SO_3含量的快速测定,同标准重量法测定结果相比,其相对标准偏差均小于5%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.