土壤样品ICP-AES多元素同时分析

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)应用于土壤及环境样品的分析,多有报道。我们用HClO_4-HNO_3-HF混酸分解土壤样品,利用元素间干扰系数法修正土壤样品中基体元素对微量元素测定的干扰,测定了土壤标准参考物质中16种元素,其测定结果均能满足欲测元素定值要求。     

分类消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定环境土壤中15种金属元素的含量

测定土壤中铍、锌、钼、铊、钛、锑等6种元素以硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸混合酸为消解体系,采用全自动消解法进行消解;测定土壤中钒、锰、钴、镍、铜、镉、钡、铅、铬等9种元素以硝酸-氢氟酸-盐酸混合酸为消解体系,采用微波消解法进行消解。以氩为内标元素校正土壤基体的雾化效率及电离效率。电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)采用多向观测模式,结合多重谱线拟合技术(MSF)校正光谱干扰,测定环境土壤中上述15种元素的含量,检出限为0.1~3.7 mg·kg~(-1)。按上述方法测定标准样品GSS~(-1)0和GSS~(-1)3,各元素的测定值与认定值吻合,相对标准偏差(n=11)为0.15%~2.6%。以吉林市某河岸土壤为实际测定样品,各元素的测定值与电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)的测定值一致,相对标准偏差(n=11)为1.6%~4.5%。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法同时测定土壤中主次元素

建立了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法同时测定土壤中多种主次元素的分析方法。采用硝酸-氢氟酸-双氧水体系在微波消解仪中消解土壤样品,待消解完成后加入高氯酸驱赶氢氟酸,盐酸溶解盐类物质,将土壤中所有元素的矿物晶格破坏使待测溶液全部进入试液,采用ICP-AES法测定。通过筛选合适分析谱线和合理设置背景扣除位置提高样品分析中的精密度和准确度。选用国家土壤标准物质进行方法验证,绝大多数实验结果与标准值吻合,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%。方法具有同时测定土壤样品中多种元素、试剂用量少、操作简单等优点,表明方法适合大批量土壤中主次元素的快速检测。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法同时测定土壤中主次元素

建立了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法同时测定土壤中多种主次元素的分析方法。采用硝酸-氢氟酸-双氧水体系在微波消解仪中消解土壤样品,待消解完成后加入高氯酸驱赶氢氟酸,盐酸溶解盐类物质,将土壤中所有元素的矿物晶格破坏使待测溶液全部进入试液,采用ICP-AES法测定。通过筛选合适分析谱线和合理设置背景扣除位置提高样品分析中的精密度和准确度。选用国家土壤标准物质进行方法验证,绝大多数实验结果与标准值吻合,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%。方法具有同时测定土壤样品中多种元素、试剂用量少、操作简单等优点,表明方法适合大批量土壤中主次元素的快速检测。     

土壤和沉积物样品ICP-AES多元素同时分析基体元素的干扰及其修正

感耦等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)在土壤、地质和环境样品的分析中已有广泛应用。由于直读ICP光谱仪有很好的测量精度,因此常量元素分析的精度和准确度在很大程度上取决于样品的化学前处理,我们用HCIO_4-HNO_3-HF混酸分解沉积物样品,几种常量元素测定的变异系数小于2％,本工作用这种方法分解取自西藏的土壤标准参考样品,七种常量元素的测定结果均很好地满足标样元素定值要求。影响微量元素准确测定的因素较多,基体元素的干扰是主要因素之一。本工作在原有工作的基础上,进一步研究了样品中主要基体元素对微量元素测定的光谱干扰,讨论了利用元素间干扰系数法进行光谱干扰修正所遇到的一些问题。     

用ICP-AES联合测定海水中硫、硼、钠、钙等主元素的方法及有关干扰问题的研究

一、前言已有的海水中主元素含量的分析方法大多属于单个元素的测定法。要解决主元素的联合测定问题,关键在于寻求一个元素间相互干扰效应小的分析方法。ICP-AES法正好具有干扰小、稳定性好、激发能力强等特点(如文献就利用ICP-AES法测定过海水中的硫、碘等非金属元素)。所以我们决定采用ICP-AES 对海水主元素(金属和非金属)进行联合测定。这种测定试样主成分的工作也是扩展ICP-AES应用范围的一个重要方面。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定自来水中的8种元素

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定了化学实验室自来水中铝、钾、锶、钡、锰、钴、钼、硒8种元素的含量;对仪器的工作条件进行了优化,确定了各元素的分析波长和检出限.结果表明,所述方法可以方便地用于测定化学实验室自来水样品中的8种元素,相对标准偏差为0.08%～6.90%.     

ICP-AES测定钢铁中多元素的通用前处理法

通过探讨溶解酸与钢铁化学成分、金相组织之间的关系,提出了一种简单的电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)测定钢铁中多元素的通用前处理方法。用高氯酸溶解并冒烟分解钢铁样品,稀盐酸或过氧化氢还原铬(Ⅵ),ICP-AES测定钢铁中磷、锰、铬、钼、镍、钒、铜、铝、钛、钴、镁、铈等常见元素;该方法与硝酸-盐酸溶解酸方法有良好的兼容性。     

ICP-AES法测定肝癌组织中微量元素的研究

为建立电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定肝癌组织中Mg、Na、Ca、Mn、Fe、Co、Cu、Zn等8种微量元素的方法,样品用HNO3+HC lO4经微波消解后直接进样,用ICP-AES法同时测定了上述元素,对分析谱线、基体元素和等离子体参数等进行了讨论,确定了实验的最佳测定条件。结果表明,8种微量元素的检出限在3.6~26.0 ng/mL之间,回收率在93.8%~106.2%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于4.05%。     

ICP-AES法测定新疆黑种草子,紫苏子,香青兰中微量元素的含量

本文建立了一种电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定植物药中微量元素含量的方法.采用等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定新疆黑种草子,紫苏子,香青兰中的微量元素.新疆黑种草子,紫苏子,香青兰中含有Cu,Al,Mn,Zn,Fe,Ca,Mg,Ge,Ni,Cr,Sr,Se,Co等15种微量元素.特别是Al,Mg,Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn的含量较高.方法回收率为93.1%～106.0%.等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)可同时测定植物药中多种元素.     

HEPT类化合物的QSAR研究

为定量结构／活性相关性研究提取了量子化学参数,拓扑指数Am,分子连接性指数^mxt及疏水性常数,同时应用正交变换和最佳变量子集算法（Leaps-and-Bonds)进行了变量压缩和选择,进而实施了多元回归分析,并由此结果进行了HEPT类化合物（1－[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)-thymine derivatives)的结构／活性关系的理论解释,进行了人工神经网络法对于该类化合物的活性预测,其结构明显好于多元回归法。     

From the Micro- to the Macro-: Managing the Conservation of the Warship,Vasa

Sweden's famous warship, Vasa, sank on her maiden voyage in August 1628, and remained on the bottom of Stockholm harbour for 333 years. Raised in 1961, she became the first large-scale wooden object to be treated with polyethylene glycol (PEG). In the summer of 2000 a number of acidic salt precipitations were noticed on the surface of the ship and on wooden artefacts in the storerooms. An international research project has been established to look into the causes of this problem and suggest possible re-treatments. Meanwhile projects are underway to monitor movements in the ship, to build a better support system, and to replace the thousands of iron bolts holding the structure together, while a sophisticated new climate system has recently been installed in the museum.     

液滴荧光传感与计算机联用技术在微量分析中的应用

通过在LS55型荧光-磷光-发光分光光度计上加装液滴产生及调节附件,采用计算机采集与分析处理数据,成功地研制了双通道液滴光化学传感装置.利用葡聚糖凝胶对复合维生素B中不同组分的选择性吸附来达到分离与同时检测的目的,并将其用于复合维生素B药片的分析,取得了满意的结果.     

On the scaling of the interface energy of the liquid clusters in the disordered nanoporous medium

Similarity of the extrusion curves of non-wetting liquid in a nanoporous medium with different initial fill volume fractions is observed experimentally. The similarity can be explained by the scaling of the interface energy and the self-similarity of the infinite percolation cluster of fluid-filled pores. Understanding the physical processes leading to the observed phenomena is a foundation for the development of high-performance devices for damping and energy storage on the basis of such heterogeneous systems.     

Using of the Agglomeration-in-liquid for the Technology of the Fine Materials

The content of the fine and ultrafine particles in the raw material results in difficulty of the separation, the loss of the valuable components and ecological contamination. Secondary using of the fine particles is impossible without their granulation. This problem has been solved by the agglomeration-in-liquid method.An agglomeration-in-liquid method is a process to produce agglomerates in a liquid phase from solid particles suspended in the liquid. The surface of solid particles and the binding liquid must be of identical polarity, but the continuous phase must be of the opposite polarity. The water solutions of the surfactant are the binding liquids or the organic liquids.     

光亮剂对银电沉积行为的影响

用电势阶跃法和旋转圆盘电极法 (RDE)以及SEM和XRD测试手段 ,初步研究了光亮剂对氰化体系中银电沉积行为的影响 .研究表明 ,光亮剂的加入并未导致银电沉积成核机理的改变 ,但显著增强了镀液的微观平整效应 ,并且所得镀层的表观光滑程度明显改善 .XRD测试亦同时表明光亮剂的加入并未改变镀层的择优取向     

Copper-containing dendromesogens: the influence of the metal on the mesomorphism

The synthesis and liquid crystalline behaviour of the first and second generations of a dendrimeric structure based on poly(propyleneimine)(DAB-dendr(NH₂)_x) are reported. 4-(4-n-Alkoxybenzoyloxy)salicylaldehydes are used as mesogenic moieties attached at the peripheral amino groups of the dendrimers giving rise to dendromesogens with four and eight mesogenic branches. From these dendromesogens, considered as organic ligands, were prepared six metal-containing dendrimers which incorporate two or four copper atoms in their structures. All the dendrimeric ligands and three of the metal-containing dendrimers exhibit liquid crystalline properties which were studied by optical microscopy, DSC, X-ray diffraction and EPR spectroscopy.     

On the dependence of the critical supersaturation on the initial undersaturation in the reverse Wilson chamber

The dependence of the critical supersaturation on the degree of the initial undersaturation has been analyzed in detail.This dependence is explained by means of the Richarch-Powell equation, taking into account the dependence of the -ratio upon the partial pressures of the inert gas and the liquid under investigation.     

Behavior of the Surface Tension and the Viscosity in the Eutecticregion of the Liquid Feb alloy

Abstract

Thermodynamic and transport properties of pure liquid metals show interesting correlations near the melting temperature. This is well known for the case of the surface tension σ and the shear viscosity η In this paper we investigate the possible extension of these correlations to binary alloys, taking the FeB alloy as a case study. Based on literature data we analyze the variation of σ and η as a function of temperature and concentration in a deep eutectic region of the phase diagram of this alloy, as well as the possible correlations between those two quantities. Substantial differences with respect to the behavior in pure metals are found.