四种次磷酸盐的合成

合成了次磷酸钙、次磷酸铁、次磷酸钡、次磷酸锌4种次磷酸盐，产率依次为94.7%、 98.1%、80.6%、 60.3%，粒径2~4 μm，其结构经SEM、 IR和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP)确证。      

长链脂肪酸影响胆红素-人血清蛋白复合物的激发态分化

胆红素与人血清白蛋白结合后会发生光异构和光诱导环化反应,其中后一反应将最终形成一种名为光红素的产物,这些光诱导化学反应是临床上治疗新生儿黄疸的基本原理. 据前人研究报道,长链脂肪酸的加入有利于光红素的生成,但其背后的机理,特别是其激发态动力学尚不明确. 本文利用飞秒瞬态吸收和飞秒荧光转换技术,探究了棕榈酸对胆红素在血清蛋白中的光化学反应的影响. 研究表明,随着棕榈酸的加入,光激发后的胆红素更倾向于通过4 ps的衰减通道返回热基态,而不是通过固有的超快激发态衰减途径(小于1 ps). 这一效应促进了热基态的胆红素发生由Z-Z到E-Z构型的异构化,从而提高了光红素的产率. 这是首次利用飞秒时间分辨光谱技术对长链脂肪酸在光疗过程中的作用进行表征,其结果可为相关临床研究提供有利的信息.     

BaO∙4B2O3∙5H2O纳米材料的制备及其对聚丙烯阻燃性能的热分解动力学方法评价

Borate is considered one of the most important additives for improving the fire-resistance of combustible polymers because of its smoke suppression, low toxicity, and good thermal stability. However, the size of prepared borate is usually in the micrometer range, which makes it difficult to disperse in a polymer matrix, thus hindering its use as fire-retardant material. The preparation and application of borate nanomaterial as flame retardant is considered an effective method. However, the preparation of barium borate nanomaterials as flame retardant has not been reported. In this paper, nanosheets and nanoribbons with different sizes for a new barium borate BaO·4B₂O₃·5H₂O are prepared by hydrothermal method, and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The flame-retardant properties of polypropylene (PP)/BaO·4B₂O₃·5H₂O composites are investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermal analysis methods and limited oxygen index (LOI) method. Considering the near TG mass losses and the near LOI values for PP with 10% prepared BaO·4B₂O₃·5H₂O nanosheet and nanoribbon, their flame-retardant properties need to be further evaluated by non-isothermal decomposition kinetic method. The apparent activation energy for this decomposition reaction was obtained from the slope by plotting ln(β/T_p²) against 1/T_p according to Kissinger's model. With the reduction of TG mass loss, increased heat absorption in DSC under N₂ atmosphere, increased apparent activation energy E_a for the thermal decomposition of PP/BaO·4B₂O₃·5H₂O composite as well as increased LOI value, the flame-retardant performance of prepared BaO·4B₂O₃·5H₂O samples with PP gradually improved from bulk to nanoribbon to nanosheet. This can be attributed to the decrease in the size of BaO·4B₂O₃·5H₂O samples because the smaller sample size leads to improved dispersion and increased contact area with the polymer. The flame-retardant mechanism is discussed by analyzing the after-flame chars of the PP/BaO·4B₂O₃·5H₂O composite in SEM images, which show that the char layer is more compact and continuous for the PP/BaO·4B₂O₃·5H₂O nanosheet composite. The influence of loading BaO·4B₂O₃·5H₂O nanomaterials on the mechanical properties of PP is also tested using a universal material testing machine, in which the PP/BaO·4B₂O₃·5H₂O nanosheet composite has higher tensile strength. The PP/BaO·4B₂O₃·5H₂O nanosheet composite has the best flame-retardant and mechanical properties, which is promising to be developed for the application as flame-retardant material.     

胆红素医用吸附剂研究进展

当人体发生病变后若体内产生并蓄积过量的胆红素会造成高胆红素血症,其在新生儿和肝炎症中尤为常见,进而有引起神经毒性甚至死亡的危险。目前,药物疗法对其的效果不理想,换血疗法虽然有效但仍然存在诸多风险和局限,而血液净化疗法虽然潜力优越,但治疗效果和使用安全性方面仍需大力改善和提高,故设计研制安全高效的清除胆红素的医用吸附剂一直是临床上血液净化研究中的难点。当前的胆红素医用吸附剂主要集中在活性炭类、合成高分子树脂类、多糖类、磁性材料类等,本文主要介绍有关医用胆红素吸附剂的研究进展,并展望了胆红素医用吸附材料的发展前景。     

邻二氮杂菲分光光度法测定高铁酸钡

基于邻二氮杂菲分光光度法建立了Ba Fe O4的定量分析方法,并探讨了Ba Fe O4测定的适宜条件。经预处理的Ba Fe O4被硝酸酸化、盐酸羟胺还原后在HAc-Na Ac缓冲溶液中与邻二氮杂菲快速显色,生成橙红色络离子[(C12H8N2)3Fe]2+,该体系在510 nm波长处有最大吸收峰。利用分光光度计测定该体系510 nm处吸光度即可换算Ba Fe O4纯度。方法可应用于定量检测其他难溶性高铁酸盐。     

稳恒磁场下水热法制备钡铁氧体

利用XRD,SEM,TEM和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等检测手段对不同磁场强度下水热法制备的钡铁氧体粉末进行了分析.实验结果表明,无磁场下,150℃时得到的产物为BaFe2O4颗粒,而180℃时产物为片状BaFe12O19施加磁场后,150和180℃下水热反应产物都为棒状BaFe12O19随着磁感应强度的增加,水热反应产...     

N掺杂TiO2纳米膜吸附胆红素分子的石英晶体微天平研究

以柠檬酸催化溶胶-凝胶法合成了晶粒尺寸为16.9 nm的锐钛矿型N掺杂TiO2(N-TiO2)纳米颗粒,并用旋转涂膜法制备了N-TiO2纳米薄膜.采用石英晶体微天平(QCM)技术研究了胆红素在纳米N-TiO2膜表面的吸附动力学行为,考察了缓冲溶液pH、硅烷亲脂试剂三甲基氯硅烷及金属离子修饰纳米N-TiO2膜对胆红素吸附...     

血清胆红素的近红外光谱无创检测

血清胆红素的无创检测在疾病的预防、早期诊断与后期治疗等阶段都具有极其重要的作用.本研究提出了一种基于近红外光谱技术的无创血清胆红素新方法.通过采集舌尖的近红外反射光谱并运用偏最小二乘法对采集到的光谱数据进行建模,从而实现对血清胆红素的快速无创检测.将采集到的全部57例样本按照4∶1的比例分训练集和预测集,分别建立总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)和间接胆红素(IBIL)的偏最小二乘回归模型.3个模型的相关系数分别为0.9922,0.9947和0.9486,预测均方根误差(RMSEP)分别为6.13,4.61和4.05 μmol/L.结果表明:舌尖近红外反射光谱结合偏最小二乘法可用于血清胆红素含量的无创检测,并且为其它血液成分的无创检测开辟了新路径.     

Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3/聚偏氟乙烯-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯复合材料的制备及其介电性能

采用流延热压工艺制备Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃(BST)/聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)?聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)复合薄膜,研究了PMMA含量对复合材料微观组织结构和介电性能的影响规律。结果表明,BST相能够均匀分散在聚合物基体中,归因于PMMA与PVDF良好的相容性,2种聚合物之间的界面不分明;随着PMMA含量的增加,复合材料的介电常数先降低后升高,耐击穿强度和介电可调性先增加后减少。PMMA含量(体积分数)为15%的BST/PVDF?PMMA₁₅复合材料的综合性能最佳:介电常数为23.2,介电损耗为0.07,耐击穿强度为1412 kV·cm^-1,在550 kV·cm^-1偏压场下,介电可调性为26.2%。