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1.
We examined the flow behaviors and mixing characteristics of double-concentric jets using laser-assisted smoke flow visualization method to analyze typical flow patterns and binary boundary detection technique to investigate jet spread width. Time-averaged velocity vectors, streamline patterns, velocity distributions, turbulence properties, and vorticity contours were analyzed using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). Topological flow patterns were analyzed to interpret the vortical flow structures. Mixing properties were investigated using a tracer-gas concentration detection method. Four characteristic modes were observed: annular flow dominated mode, transition mode, central jet dominated mode-low shear, and central jet dominated mode-high shear. The jets’ mixing properties were enhanced by two major phenomena: the merging of annular flow and central jet at the centerline and the large turbulence fluctuations produced in the flow field. The merging of the jets induced stagnation points on the central axis in the annular flow dominated mode, which caused reverse flow on the central axis and drastic turbulence fluctuations of the near field region. When the central jet penetrated the recirculation region in the other three modes, the stagnation points on the central axis and the reverse flow vanished. Therefore, the mixing behaviors were prominently enhanced in the annular flow dominated mode. 相似文献
2.
本文利用时间切片离子速度成像技术在134∽140 nm波段研究了OCS分子经由F 31Π里德堡态的真空紫外光解离动力学. 在选取的5个分别对应OCS(F 31Π, v1=0∽4)的伸缩振动激发的光解波长,实验测得了来自CO(X1Σ+)+S(1D2)产物通道的SS(1D2))实验影像,并获得了总平动能谱和CO(X1Σ+, v)共生产物的振动布居及角分布. 结果分析表明OCS分子解离生成CO(X1Σ+)+S(1D2)产物的过程经历了上态F 31Π 与C?v和Cs构型的下电子态间非绝热耦合过程. 实验结果显示了很强的波长相关性:OCS (F 31Π, v1)的较低转动激发态(v1=0∽2)和较高转动激发态(v1=3, 4)的CO(X1Σ+)产物的振动布居和角分布具有显著差异,表明该解离过程中具有不同的解离机理. 本结果提供了振动耦合可能对真空紫外光解离动力学产生关键作用的相关证据. 相似文献
3.
《Comptes Rendus Mecanique》2019,347(10):677-684
Some implications of the simplest accounting of defects of compatibility in the velocity field on the structure of the classical Navier–Stokes equations are explored, leading to connections between classical elasticity, the elastic theory of defects, plasticity theory, and classical fluid mechanics. 相似文献
4.
Transformation of flow turbulence structure with cavitation occurrence, determination of the flow conditions favorable for nucleation of cavitation bubbles, influence of the statistical structure of turbulence on this process and the inverse effect of cavitation on the flow dynamics are challenging problems in modern fluid mechanics. The paper reports on the results of statistical processing of the velocity fields measured by a PIV technique in cavitating flow over a 2D symmetric hydrofoil for four flow conditions, starting from a cavitation-free regime and finishing by unsteady cloud cavitation. We analyze basic information on the statistical structure of velocity fluctuations in the form of histograms and Q-Q diagrams along with profiles of the mean velocity and turbulent kinetic energy. The research reveals that the flow turbulence pattern and distributions of turbulent fluctuations change significantly with the cavitation development. Under unsteady cloud cavitation conditions, the probability density function of the fluctuating velocity has a two-mode distribution, which indicates switching of two alternating flow conditions in a region above the hydrofoil aft part due to periodic passing of cavitation clouds. Behaviors of the mean and most probable velocities unexpectedly appear to be different with a monotonous increase of the incoming flow velocity. This finding must be caused by modification of the skewness coefficient of the fluctuating velocity. 相似文献
5.
本文利用时间切片离子成像技术对OCS分子进行了真空紫外波段的光解动力学研究. 在四个光解光波长(从129.32到126.08 nm)下测量了硫原子解离产物S(3PJ=2,1,0)、S(1D2)、S(1S0)的速度影像,并从中清晰地发现了四个主要的解离产物通道:S(3PJ=2,1,0)+CO(X1Σ+),S(3PJ=2,1,0)+CO(A3π),S(1D2)+CO(X1Σ+)和S(1S0)+CO(X1Σ+). 在实验影像中,产物CO分子的部分振动态结构能够得到分辨. 实验还获取解离产物总平动能谱,产物分支比和角分布. 对实验结果进行分析显示除绝热解离通道S(3PJ=2,1,0)+CO(A3π)之外,在其他三个产物通道中非绝热效应都起到非常重要的作用. 相似文献
6.
《印度化学会志》2023,100(3):100937
Main core part of the research is to develop a novel mathematical model of MHD-Maxwell nanofluid over a stretching and shrinking surface. The stretching ratio, velocity slip and convective boundary conditions are also incorporated. The PDE's with associative boundary conditions are deduced into coupled highly non-linear ODE's by utilizing suitable transformations. The deduced dimensionless sets of Ordinary differential equations are solved by Optimal-Homotopy Analysis Method (OHAM). Behavior of pertinent parameters on the velocity, temperature and concentration fields as well as important aspects skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are recorded in Table 2. Outcomes declared that role of stretching ratio plays a prominent role in stretching surfaces its clearly recorded in Table 1(a & b). 相似文献
7.
The effect of velocity on rigid wheel performance 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A simulation model to predict the effect of velocity on rigid-wheel performance for off-road terrain was examined. The soil–wheel simulation model is based on determining the forces acting on a wheel in steady state conditions. The stress distribution at the interface was analyzed from the instantaneous equilibrium between wheel and soil elements. The soil was presented by its reaction to penetration and shear. The simulation model describes the effect of wheel velocity on the soil–wheel interaction performances such as: wheel sinkage, wheel slip, net tractive ratio, gross traction ratio, tractive efficiency and motion resistance ratio. Simulation results from several soil-wheel configurations corroborate that the effect of velocity should be considered. It was found that wheel performance such as net tractive ratio and tractive efficiency, increases with increasing velocity. Both, relative wheel sinkage and relative free rolling wheel force ratio, decrease as velocity increases. The suggested model improves the performance prediction of off-road operating vehicles and can be used for applications such as controlling and improving off-road vehicle performance. 相似文献
8.
Christophe?BrunEmail author Rainer?Friedrich Carlos?B.?da Silva 《Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics》2006,20(1):1-21
A new subgrid scale (SGS) modelling concept for large-eddy simulation (LES) of incompressible flow is proposed based on the
three-dimensional spatial velocity increment δ u
i
. The new model is inspired by the structure function formulation developed by Métais and Lesieur [39] and applied in the context of the scale similarity type formulation. First, the similarity between the SGS stress tensor τ
ij
and the velocity increment tensor Q
ij
= δ u
i
δ u
j
is analyzed analytically and numerically using a priori tests of fully developed pipe flow at Re
τ = 180. Both forward and backward energy transfers between resolved and unresolved scales of the flow are well predicted with
a SGS model based on Q
ij
. Secondly, a posteriori tests are performed for two families of turbulent shear flows. LES of fully developed pipe flow up to Re
τ = 520 and LES of round turbulent jet at Re
D
= 25000 carried out with a dynamic version of the model provide promising results that confirm the power of this approach
for wall-bounded and free shear flows. 相似文献
9.
In order to improve the particle collection efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator (ESP), a transverse plate ESP with bipolar discharge electrodes is proposed. The simulations of the velocity distribution have shown that when the inlet velocity is 1 m/s, within the range of 40 mm from electrode plate, the average velocities of windward side and leeward side are less than 0.7 m/s and 0.3 m/s respectively. It is clear that the velocity near the collection electrode plate of this bipolar ESP is much lower than that of the ordinary ESP at the same inlet velocity. This low velocity can lead to higher efficiency for fine dust collection due to the less dust re-entrainment in ESP. It is also found that the average velocities are getting lower when the distance between plates electrodes are greater than 150 mm in accordance with the simulations. The voltage current characteristics of the bipolar ESP are superior to the ordinary ESP. The pressure drop of the bipolar ESP is about 30% higher than that of the ordinary one. The dust penetration of the bipolar ESP is about 54% less than that of the ordinary ESP when the sintering dust with 25.405 μm mass median diameter is used as the test particulate under the condition of the electric field from 2.1 kV/cm to 3.2 kV/cm and the velocity from 1.0 m/s to 1.5 m/s. 相似文献
10.