On Tutte polynomial expansion formulas in perspectives of matroids and oriented matroids

We introduce the active partition of the ground set of an oriented matroid perspective (or morphism, or quotient, or strong map) on a linearly ordered ground set. The reorientations obtained by arbitrarily reorienting parts of the active partition share the same active partition. This yields an equivalence relation for the set of reorientations of an oriented matroid perspective, whose classes are enumerated by coefficients of the Tutte polynomial, and a remarkable partition of the set of reorientations into Boolean lattices, from which we get a short direct proof of a 4-variable expansion formula for the Tutte polynomial in terms of orientation activities. This formula was given in the last unpublished preprint by Michel Las Vergnas; the above equivalence relation and notion of active partition generalize a former construction in oriented matroids by Michel Las Vergnas and the author; and the possibility of such a proof technique in perspectives was announced in the aforementioned preprint. We also briefly highlight how the 5-variable expansion of the Tutte polynomial in terms of subset activities in matroid perspectives comes in a similar way from the known partition of the power set of the ground set into Boolean lattices related to subset activities (and we complete the proof with a property which was missing in the literature). In particular, the paper applies to matroids and oriented matroids on a linearly ordered ground set, and applies to graph and directed graph homomorphisms on a linearly ordered edge-set.     

问题视角浅析

文中通过多视角分析解决数学问题,向学习者渗透了数学思想的辩证性和学习方法的灵活性,体现了"以人为本"现代理念下的数学教育.     

显化反应条件视角 发展反应调控意识——受控的燃烧

以波义耳研究燃烧的史实为背景,创新设计燃烧条件的探究实验,并提出“条件叠加式”燃烧条件探究新思路。以“燃灭控”为主线,一以贯之地显性化“条件是认识化学反应的一种基本视角”,落实“在一定条件下通过化学反应可以实现物质转化”的化学观念。基于调控化学反应思想创新设计“燃旺弱灭”反应控制视域,统整开展“情境”“活动”与“任务”三位一体的学习活动。重置教材实验的教学价值取向,结合燃烧的形式美、汉语言文字解读,将化学学科知识与美育、汉语言文化领域跨领域融合。     

Laminarin Induces Defense Responses and Efficiently Controls Olive Leaf Spot Disease in Olive

Olive leaf spot (OLS) caused by Fusicladium oleagineum is mainly controlled using copper fungicides. However, the replacement of copper-based products with eco-friendly alternatives is a priority. The use of plant resistance-inducers (PRIs) or biological control agents (BCAs) could contribute in this direction. In this study we investigated the potential use of three PRIs (laminarin, acibenzolar-S-methyl, harpin) and a BCA (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB24) for the management of OLS. The tested products provided control efficacy higher than 68%. In most cases, dual applications provided higher (p < 0.05) control efficacies compared to that achieved by single applications. The highest control efficacy of 100% was achieved by laminarin. Expression analysis of the selected genes by RT-qPCR revealed different kinetics of induction. In laminarin-treated plants, for most of the tested genes a higher induction rate (p < 0.05) was observed at 3 days post application. Pal, Lox, Cuao and Mpol were the genes with the higher inductions in laminarin-treated and artificially inoculated plants. The results of this study are expected to contribute towards a better understanding of PRIs in olive culture and the optimization of OLS control, while they provide evidence for potential contributions in the reduction of copper accumulation in the environment.     

Systems biology reveals biology of systems

In the last decades, genomic and postgenomic technologies obtained a great amount of information on molecular bases of cell physiology and organization. In spite of this, the knowledge of cells and living organisms in their entirety, is far from being achieved. In order to deal with biological complexity, Systems Biology uses a new approach to overcome this inadequacy. Despite different definitions, Systems Biology's view of biological phenomena highlights that a holistic perspective is needed to integrate and understand the huge amount of empirical data which have been collected. This is one of the aspects that makes Systems Biology so interesting, from a theoretical and epistemological point of view, and that renders it a useful tool to help students approach living beings' dynamics within a comprehensive framework of their biological features as well. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity, 2010     

透视画法的几何研究与计算机作图

对文艺复兴时写实绘画所采用的透视画法进行了精确的数学描述,并利用所得结论给出了使用计算机进行作图的方法.     

声学的前景

总结了声学最近１０年的发展和所取得的结果，并估计了今后的重要发展方向和可期望的前景．     

基于生态学视角的科技人才效能发展程度和产出效率研究——来自我国30个省市的数据

基于生态学视角构建了科技人才效能评价指标体系,通过运用生态位模型和Malmquist指数分析了我国30个省市的科技人才效能的发展程度和产出效率,结果表明,第一,我国东部和中西部地区之间的科技人才效能呈现较为明显的区域性差异;第二,技术进步效率对我国30个省市科技人才效能全要素生产率具有较明显的影响,应该引起重视;第三,从分区域全要素生产率指数的变动情况来看,全要素生产率最高的为中部地区,其次为东部地区和东北地区,最低为西部地区.     

含动脉分支的体循环模拟实验系统

本文首先建立了含分支动脉的血液体循环集中参数模型，在计算机仿真研究的基础上，设计、研制出含主要动脉分支的体循环模实验系统，系统由微机实施控制，数据采集与处理。实验结果表明它既可较好地模拟左心室、主动脉弓附近的血流动力学特性，同时又可较好地模拟左锁骨下动脉、挠动脉处的血流压力脉搏波基本特征。     

全景环形透镜原理与特点剖析

本文从分析传统中心投影法入手，介绍了平面圆柱投影（ＦＣＰ）的基本概念、主要特点，深入地探讨了实现ＦＣＰ的一种光学器件——全景环形透镜（ＰＡＬ）的工作原理。ＰＡＬ具有线性投影关系、方向选择性、景深无限远等重要特性。优化设计了一个口径为３４ｍｍ的ＰＡＬ，模拟计算进一步证实了ＰＡＬ的上述特性。