Collective Strategy Condensation: When Envy Splits Societies

Human societies are characterized by three constituent features, besides others. (A) Options, as for jobs and societal positions, differ with respect to their associated monetary and non-monetary payoffs. (B) Competition leads to reduced payoffs when individuals compete for the same option as others. (C) People care about how they are doing relatively to others. The latter trait—the propensity to compare one’s own success with that of others—expresses itself as envy. It is shown that the combination of (A)–(C) leads to spontaneous class stratification. Societies of agents split endogenously into two social classes, an upper and a lower class, when envy becomes relevant. A comprehensive analysis of the Nash equilibria characterizing a basic reference game is presented. Class separation is due to the condensation of the strategies of lower-class agents, which play an identical mixed strategy. Upper-class agents do not condense, following individualist pure strategies. The model and results are size-consistent, holding for arbitrary large numbers of agents and options. Analytic results are confirmed by extensive numerical simulations. An analogy to interacting confined classical particles is discussed.     

人教版高中化学教科书“研究与实践”栏目分析与实施策略*

对人教版高中化学教科书新设计的“研究与实践”栏目的主题内容、功能价值进行分析,就如何充分发挥该栏目的教学功能和价值,发展学生的化学学科核心素养,提出了创设教学情境线索、开发为研究性学习课题、开发为校本选修课程、开发为STEM课程等实施策略。     

一种新的奇偶非线性相干态的位相统计性质

根据Pegg-Barnett位相定义, 计算了一种新的奇偶非线性相干态的位相概率分布函数, 利用数值计算方法研究了它们的位相统计性质. 数值计算结果表明：新的奇偶非线性相干态的位相特性与通常奇偶相干态的位相特性截然不同.     

运用量子约束动力学对具有耗散的量子位的追踪控制

在有限温度环境内，量子约束动力学及其追踪控制可使退相干系统的相干性稳定一段时间.约束方程产生的控制场能够按量子比特的动力学状态进行控制(量子动力学轨道的反馈控制)；依靠量子比特的这种反馈效应，可使量子位稳定在设定的时间内.同时，在量子位的稳定方面，温度扮演一种消极的角色. 关键词： 量子约束动力学 耗散量子位的控制 追踪控制 量子比特的反馈效应     

New FIR laser lines and frequency measurements for optically pumped CD3OH

Twenty new cw FIR laser lines in CD₃OH, optically pumped by a CO₂ laser, are reported. The frequencies of 39 of the stronger laser lines were measured relative to stabilized CO₂ lasers with a fractional uncertainty, as determined by the reproducibility of the FIR frequency itself, of 2 parts in 10⁷.Contribution of the U.S. Government, not subject to copyright.     

两个安全第一思想模型的比较分析

针对投资者可能的投资需求确立了基于安全第一思想下两个相近的投资目标:1、极大化投资末期总收益率超过给定水平α的概率;2、极小化投资末期总收益率与给定水平α的距离.并分别就这两个目标建立了优化决策模型,得到了模型解析解,最后对两个模型结果进行了比较分析和经济解释.     

光突发交换的交换控制策略和光缓存配置

光突发交换是面向下一代互联网的光交换模式.讨论了异步光突发交换系统的交换控制策略以及相应光缓存的优化配置策略.除了传统预约模式的交换策略,还研究了非预约和改进型预约模式,它们的性能评估由计算机仿真给出.结果表明:在条件相当情况下,改进型预约模式具有最低的丢包率.同时光缓存的配置对上述几类交换控制策略的性能都有很大影响,仿真结果指出:光缓存的粒度对系统性能具有重要影响,所讨论的几类交换模式都存在最佳时延粒度,研究结果对光交换矩阵的设计有指导意义.     

企业合作联盟成员位次竞争战略的Shapley值分析

针对Yanowitz和Bruckstein的二值字图像后处理算法存在的问题，提出了一种新的基于灰度期望值的后处理算法。实验结果表明，该算法能自动选取阈值、运算速度快、处理效果好，具有良好的噪声适应性。     

Dynamic Strategic Pricing and Speed of Diffusion

Defining speed of diffusion as the amount of time it takes to get from one penetration level to a higher one, we introduce a dynamic model in which we study the link between pricing policy, speed of diffusion, and number of competitors in the market. Our analysis shows that, in the case of strategic (oligopolistic) competition, the speed of diffusion has an important influence on the optimal pricing policy. In particular, we find that higher speeds of diffusion create an incentive to strategically interacting firms to lower their prices.     

Working group report: Collider Physics

This is summary of the activities of the working group on collider physics in the IXth Workshop on High Energy Physics Phenomenology (WHEPP-9) held at the Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India in January 2006. Some of the work subsequently done on these problems by the subgroups formed during the workshop is included in this report.