基于改进U-Net的量子点STM图像分割

为提升量子点图像分割精度,降低特征识别误差,提出一种基于改进U-Net的量子点图像分割方法.首先,在预处理阶段,设计了以色彩通道为权值的灰度化算法,以提升后续分割效果.其次,在STM图像分割部分,在原始U-Net结构上引入中间过渡层以均衡网络各层特征.而后,建立数据集,并通过实验对比不同分割算法的精确度、召回率、F-measure.最后,将分割算法应用于量子点的特征识别,并测试了不同分割方式对应用的影响.实验结果显示,改进灰度化方法保留细节信息丰富,明显提升了量子点分割精度;改进U-Net的平均精确率、召回率、F-measure相较原始网络分别提升了13.83%、2.16%、8.13%.同时,实验数据表明由于分割精度的提升,量子点数量、纵横比等特征参数的识别更加精确.     

Temperature－Induced Switching－Over of the Luminescence Transitions in GaInNAs／GaAs Quantum Wells

Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the GaInNAs/GaAs single quantum well (SQW) with different N compositions are carefully studied in a range of temperatures and excitation power densities. The anomalous S-shape temperature dependence of the PL peak is analysed based on the competition and switching-over between the peaks related to N-induced localized states and the peak related to interband excitonic recombination. It is found that with increasing N composition, the localized energy increases and the turning point of the S-shape temperature dependence occurs at higher temperature, where the localized carriers in the handrail states obtain enough thermal activation energy to be dissociated and delocalized. The rapid thermal annealing (RTA)effectively reduces the localized energy and causes a decrease of the switching-over temperature.     

GaAs基GaAsSb/GaInAs双层量子阱的发光

嵌入GaAs中的GaAsSb／GaInAs量子阱因其在1．3～1．5μm光通信波段发光的潜力而受到关注,我们研究了一系列MBE生长的GaAsSb／GaInAs量子阱样品的光致发光,发现所有样品在室温下都出现了一个较强的、波长在1．3μm附近的低能峰和一个较弱的高能峰。变温及变激发功率的荧光谱测量研究发现,高能峰只有在150K以上的测试条件下才能观测到,并且其相对强度随着温度的升高而增加,其调制光谱显示出第一类跃迁的特征。他们建立了理论模型,计算的结果支持将这一发光峰指派为GaInAs层内电子的基态与重空穴激发态间的跃迁,并与实验数据吻合得很好。同时初步讨论了改善1．3μm的低能峰发光的方法。     

Transparent conducting indium-tin-oxide (ITO) film as full front electrode in III-V compound solar cell

The application of transparent conducting indium-tin-oxide (ITO) film as full front electrode replacing the conventional bus-bar metal electrode in III-V compound GaInP solar cell was proposed. A high-quality, non-rectifying contact between ITO and 10 nm N⁺-GaAs contact layer was formed, which is benefiting from a high carrier concentration of the terrilium-doped N⁺-GaAs layer, up to 2×10¹⁹ cm^-3. A good device performance of the GaInP solar cell with the ITO electrode was observed. This result indicates a great potential of transparent conducting films in the future fabrication of larger area flexible III-V solar cell.     

喷射共沉淀法制备纳米ZnFe_2O_4及其结构表征

对化学共沉淀法加以改进称为喷射共沉淀法。采用喷射共沉淀法制备了ZnFe2O4纳米粉末材料。采用XRD、SEM和TEM进行结构分析结果表明喷射共沉淀法制备的ZnFe2O4纳米粉末颗粒细小均匀形状完整。由于纳米尺寸效应的存在纳米ZnFe2O4粉末材料具有铁磁性。从流体力学角度分析了喷射共沉淀法中物质的输运和反应过程并解释了试验结果。认为喷射共沉淀法是一种较好的制备氧化物纳米粉末材料的方法。     

喷射共沉淀法制备纳米ZnFe2O4及其结构表征

对化学共沉淀法加以改进,称为喷射共沉淀法,采用喷射共沉淀法制备了ZnFe2O4纳米粉末材料。采用XRD,SEM和TEM进行结构分析,结果表明,喷射共沉淀法制备的ZnFe2O4纳米粉末颗粒细小均匀,形状完整,由于纳米尺寸效应的存在,纳米ZnFe2O4粉末材料具有铁磁性,从流体力学角度分析了喷射共沉淀法中物质的输运和反应过程,并解释了试验结果,认为喷射共沉淀法是一种较好的制备氧化物纳米粉末材料的方法。     

GaAs1-xSbx/GaAs单量子阱的光学特性研究

用选择激发光荧光研究了分子束外延生长的GaAsSb/GaAs单量子阱的光学性质,第一次同时观察到空间直接(Ⅰ类)和间接(Ⅱ类)跃迁.它们表现出不同的特性:Ⅰ类跃迁具有局域化特性,其发光能量不随激发光能量而变;Ⅱ类发光的能量位置随激发功率的增大而蓝移,也随激发光能量的增加而蓝移,复合发光发生在位于异质结GaAs一侧的电子和GaAsSb中的空穴之间,实验结果可以很好地用电荷分离造成的能带弯曲模型来解释,这也是空间间接跃迁的典型特性.还用光荧光的激发强度关系和时间分辨光谱进一步论证了GaAsSb/GaAs能带排列的Ⅱ类特性,并通过简单计算得到了应变和非应变状态下GaAsSb/GaAs异质结的带阶系数.     

GaAs1-xSbx/GaAs单量子阱的光学特性研究

用选择激发光荧光研究了分子束外延生长的GaAsSb/GaAs单量子阱的光学性质，第一次同时观察到空间直接(Ⅰ类)和间接(Ⅱ类)跃迁.它们表现出不同的特性：Ⅰ类跃迁具有局域化特性，其发光能量不随激发光能量而变；Ⅱ类发光的能量位置随激发功率的增大而蓝移，也随激发光能量的增加而蓝移，复合发光发生在位于异质结GaAs一侧的电子和GaAsSb中的空穴之间，实验结果可以很好地用电荷分离造成的能带弯曲模型来解释，这也是空间间接跃迁的典型特性.还用光荧光的激发强度关系和时间分辨光谱进一步论证了GaAsSb/GaAs能带排 关键词： GaAsSb/GaAs 选择激发 Ⅱ类跃迁     

Comparison of resonant tunneling diodes grown on freestanding GaN substrates and sapphire substrates by plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy

AlN/GaN resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs) were grown separately on freestanding GaN (FS-GaN) substrates and sapphire substrates by plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy (PA-MBE). Room temperature negative differential resistance (NDR) was obtained under forward bias for the RTDs grown on FS-GaN substrates, with the peak current densities (J_p) of 175-700 kA/cm² and peak-to-valley current ratios (PVCRs) of 1.01-1.21. Two resonant peaks were also observed for some RTDs at room temperature. The effects of two types of substrates on epitaxy quality and device performance of GaN-based RTDs were firstly investigated systematically, showing that lower dislocation densities, flatter surface morphology, and steeper heterogeneous interfaces were the key factors to achieving NDR for RTDs.     

1.55μm波长发光的自组织InAs量子点生长

通过引入较长停顿时间,采用分子束外延循环生长方法在350℃低温获得了一种横向聚合的InAs自组织量子点,在荧光光谱中观察到1.55μm波长的发光峰. 通过AFM和PL谱的联合研究,表明此低温循环生长方法有利于在长波长发光的量子点的形成.