NaCl:Cu烧结剂量片在X/γ辐照下的光释光特性

本文以纯NaCl和CuCl粉末为原料,采用烧结法制备了尺寸为Φ5×1.8 mm的NaCl:Cu圆形剂量片,将剂量片置入四元件外壳中并用塑料薄膜密封以克服材料的吸湿性,使用InLight 200型光释光自动测量系统研究其光释光特性.结果发现,对于X/γ射线, NaCl∶Cu剂量片对于能量较低射线的光释光响应高于能量较高的同种射线.光释光曲线具有典型的指数衰减特征,剂量片的偏转角度对测量值影响最大为13.5%.原料粒径的均匀度对剂量片光释光响应数据的分布一致性具有较大影响.重复性测试实验的变异系数CV=2.28%,重复测量数据的一致性较好.在1—1000 mGy剂量范围内随着辐照剂量的增加, NaCl∶Cu烧结剂量片的光释光强度逐渐增加,且呈现良好的线性关系,较未掺杂的纯氯化钠光释光响应高2—4倍.通过烧结法制备的NaCl∶Cu剂量片可用于个人或环境剂量监测用剂量计.     

基于Boosted-Gold算法的γ能谱反演分析

为了利用低能量分辨率探测器γ能谱分析获取未知放射性核素的特征信息,提高γ能谱中重峰及弱峰分析的准确性和有效性,本文开展了基于Boosted-Gold算法的Na I(Tl)探测器γ能谱分析研究.采用MCNPX建立Na I(Tl)探测器模拟模型,获得了维度201×200的探测器响应矩阵.基于Boosted-Gold算法开发了γ能谱反演程序.实验测量了γ源22Na,133Ba和152Eu的探测器响应能谱,并以不同γ射线能量、不同能差(?E)、不同相对强度为条件构建了3组低分辨率模拟γ能谱,结合响应矩阵及反演程序对实测γ能谱和模拟γ能谱进行反演.以IAEA数据库核素标准特征信息对反演结果进行分析.结果表明:Boosted-Gold算法对实测γ能谱特征能量反演误差最大为2.17%(¹³³Ba源0.276Me V),反演强度与标准强度最大差为0.197(¹⁵²Eu源1.408Me V).对模拟γ能谱核素特征能量均可准确分析,反演强度与标准强度差值保持在0.01以内;当增强系数p≤14时,Boosted-Gold算法有利于γ放射性核素的定量分析,对于相对强...     

新型M-THGEM结构探测器的蒙特卡罗模拟研究

新型多层厚型气体电子倍增器（Multi-layers THick Gas Electron Multiplier,M-THGEM）和传统THGEM （厚型气体电子倍增器）相比,具有连续的雪崩区,能够在低气压和低电压下都有较高增益,结构更紧凑,易于大面积制作等优势。对M-THGEM探测器的工作原理及性能进行了模拟研究,首先通过有限元（ANSYS）软件对二层与三层结构的M-THGEM进行了建模,对电场和电势分布分别进行了模拟计算;再利用Garfield++程序包对M-THGEM探测器在不同低气压和不同工作电压下的增益、感生信号、正离子反馈率等性能进行了研究。模拟结果表明,三层结构M-THGEM在低气压（200 Torr）、纯He气体条件下,能够获得较稳定的增益（105）,输出信号的宽度在12 ns左右;同时,为降低正离子反馈率,本工作提出并研究了一种非对称的电压施加方式,结果表明,这种施加方式能有效降低正离子的反馈率。Compared to THGEM (Thick Gas Electron Multiplier), the novel Multilayer Thick Gaseous Electron Multiplier (M-THGEM) has many advantages, such as continuous avalanche zone, more compact structure, high gain at low pressure and low operating voltage, and easy to make large-area production. In the presented work, two types of the M-THGEM detector (two or three layers) were modeled, and their main principle and performances were also studied by simulation. Two types of the detector were molded and simulated by using the finite element software (ANSYS), and the electric field distribution and nodes information lists were figured out. The effective gain and induced signal from M-THGEM detector at different gas pressures and operating voltages were studied with the Garfield++ package. The simulation results shown that M-THGEM can obtain a stable higher gain around 105 in an environment where has a low pressure even in 200 Torr and within a pure inertia gas such as He. At this condition, the width of the induced signal from the three-layers structure is around 120 ns. Additionally, an asymmetric way of the applied voltage was studied and aim to reduce the efficiency of ion feedback, and our results show that this method is effective.