基于单目视觉的姿态自动测量方法

提出一种将EPnP算法和SoftPOSIT算法融合的单目视觉姿态自动测量方法.首先,利用EPnP算法计算得到立体靶标的位姿参数,并将该位姿参数作为SoftPOSIT算法的迭代初始值带入.其次,将SoftPOSIT算法计算位姿的的迭代过程与立体靶标结合,实现姿态的自动测量,并仿真验证了拓扑确定位姿的有效性.最后,为了验证姿态测量结果的精度,以高精度二维转台为基准,将立体靶标安装在二维转台中,通过控制转台转动角度得到靶标姿态的测量数据.实验结果表明,当转台转动角度在[-20°,20°]时,靶标姿态角α的测量结果标准差为0.20°,姿态角β的测量结果标准差为0.27°.     

大尺寸工件视觉测量中的图像拼接方法

为提高大尺寸工件机器视觉测量精度,提出一种基于坐标变换的图像拼接方法,并给出该坐标变换方法的解算模型及求解方法,分析了局部测量误差、重叠区域公共点个数等对坐标变换精度的影响,得到了最佳拼接条件,并通过实验对其进行了验证。实验结果表明,该方法简单易行、结果可靠,对存在平移、旋转以及尺度缩放的图像都具有良好的效果,能有效地解决采用机器视觉进行大尺寸工件精确测量时的坐标归一化问题。     

High sensitivity micro-displacement homodyne interferometry北大核心CSCD

Interferometry is widely used in nano-scale micro-topography measurement. In order to improve its accuracy and sensitivity, a high-sensitivity homodyne interferometry based on white light interference and laser secondary interference was proposed. A high-sensitivity homodyne interferometry system was designed, and the zero point of the laser secondary interference was used to locate the dark striation of white light interference, so that it could reach the maximum slope when optical path difference was zero. The signals of white light and laser were analyzed by using the wave principle and intensity formula of interference fringes, and a sensitivity calculation method based on the combination of white light and laser interference signal was proposed. The system and its sensitivity were simulated. Finally, the optical path was built, and the white light interference fringes were adjusted to the dark striations position, so as to locate the zero position of laser secondary interference and carry out the data acquisition. It is showed that the sensitivity of the measurement method is at least 1 832 times higher than that of the laser secondary interference, and the corresponding measurement uncertainty is only ±0.288 7 mV. The measurement system can effectively solve the problem of large amount of calculation in traditional interferometry, and has high sensitivity, stability and reliability. Copyright ©2022 Journal of Applied Optics. All rights reserved.     

基于IAGA的空间测量定位系统测站优化部署

空间测量定位系统是一种基于光电扫描的角度交汇测量系统,由于该系统是在多测站协同作用下实现坐标测量,因此测站的布局优化是应用时面临的重要问题。为了解决该问题,提出了一种基于改进自适应遗传算法的测站优化部署方案。以系统定位精度、覆盖度和使用成本作为多目标优化函数;将进化代数衰减因子与自适应遗传算法相结合,根据多目标函数建立改进自适应遗传算法优化流程;对2~4个测站进行仿真优化分析。仿真结果表明,与传统自适应遗传算法相比,该方法能在10~20代内收敛到最优解并获得更优的目标函数值。因此该方法在空间布局优化设计中能有效提高系统的测量性能。