Methodological Study on AMS Measurement of U Isotope Ratios in Nanogram U Samples

The determination of uranium isotopic composition in trace samples is important in different fields. A new measurement method that uses an accelerator mass spectrometry （AMS） technique has been developed for the analysis of uranium isotopic ratios in ultra-trace uranium samples at the China Institute of Atomic Energy. As result, about 5-nanogram level uranium samples analyzed with AMS is achieved.     

小型加速器质谱系统研制及分析技术研究

加速器质谱(AMS)是测量长寿命放射性核素灵敏度最高的分析技术,在环境、地质、考古、物理等领域有着广泛应用。近年来，AMS装置的小型化在国际上得到了很大发展。为了研发小型化AMS装置及其分析技术，中国原子能科学研究院分别自主研制了加速电压为0.2 MV的单极型AMS装置和端电压为0.3 MV的串列型AMS装置。基于研制的单极型AMS装置，成功开展了14C的高效传输和本底排除技术研究，实现了14C的高灵敏测定，14C/12C的测量灵敏度达到2×10–15；利用研制的串列型AMS装置，开展了低能量下129I的气体剥离条件、本底排除和探测方法研究，建立了129I的高效传输和高灵敏测量方法，129I/127I的测量灵敏度为1×10–14。这是国内首次研制成功小型AMS装置，为AMS国产化奠定基础。     

多靶强流铯溅射离子源的研制

多靶强流铯溅射离子源是多种加速器中常用的离子源之一，在科学研究和工业生产领域的应用十分广泛。但是，目前商业化应用的该种离子源由欧美几个国家垄断，国内还没有厂家能够生产。为了提高加速器运行和建造中的自主化水平，研制了一种多靶强流铯溅射离子源。该离子源主要由离子源腔、换靶装置、冷却系统、控制箱等组成，根据功能需求对其关键部件进行结构设计，采用了全新的伺服电机驱动换靶方式，提供靶位微调功能和远程控制模式，并使用Opera-3D软件模拟优化结构参数和束流光路。经过测试，该离子源在中国原子能科学研究院的400 kV小型加速器质谱(AMS)装置上应用情况良好，换靶定位精准，供束稳定，束流参数达到进口离子源的参数指标，实现了预期目标。     

Developments in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) method for 182Hf

The present detection limit for ¹⁸²Hf at CIAE HI-13 AMS systems could not satisfy various applications (e. g. detection of a nearby supernovae signal). Therefore, techniques were developed in this work to improve the AMS measurement of ¹⁸²Hf mainly on building a new injector and using a method that based on solid-phase reaction for the preparation of HfF₄ samples from HfO₂. The experimental results show that mass resolution of the injector can reached 630, and the F^－/O－ and beam current of ¹⁸⁰HfF₅^－ for HfF₄ samples produced by dry method is about 2—3 times and 1.5 times of that by previously method, respectively.     

一种测量重核素的小型高压型加速器控制系统的研制

为满足中国原子能科学研究院最新研制的400 kV小型重核素加速器质谱（AMS）装置的自动控制的需求,设计并实现了针对该装置的自动控制系统。从硬件和软件两个方面描述了系统结构。虚拟仪器LabWindows/CVI9.0、PLC、数据库、组态软件等的相结合,既组建了友好的人机交互界面,又提高了系统的可靠性。自主设计的具有较高自动化水平的气体剥离器控制,实现了同步监测、控制气体流量和真空度。自动换靶控制的零位指示和靶号显示相配合,更精确地实现换靶功能,提高了装置自动化程度。经长时间测试,该测控系统满足了加速器质谱系统的自动控制及就地操作需求。     

加速器质谱测量53Mn及其在地球科学中的应用

宇宙成因核素 53Mn是一种非常理想的地貌演变研究工具。近年来, 随着加速器质谱（AMS）技术的不断发展, 人们已能够进行53Mn的高灵敏测量。介绍了53Mn在地球科学中的应用前景、 国际研究现状及中国原子能科学研究院目前正在开展的53Mn高灵敏AMS测量方法的研究。The determination of cosmogenic 53Mn concentrations found in terrestrial formations has many interesting applications for Earth Sciences. With Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) it should be possible to detect minute amounts of 53Mn. The situation of international research of 53Mn AMS measurement and applications are presented. The AMS measurement method of 53Mn at China Institute of Atomic Energy and its applications prospect are to be explored.     

Progress in AMS Measurement of 182Hf at CIAE

Accelerator mass spectrometry （AMS） is one of the most promising methods to detect minute amounts of 182Hf. However, the sensitivity of 5×10^-11 for ^182Hf/180Hf obtained previously by the AMS method at China Institute of Atomic Energy （CIAE） cannot meet the requirement of some applications. We present some new improvements of measurement method for AMS measurement of 182Hf at the CIAE HI？13 tandem accelerator system. As a result, a sensitivity of 1.0×10^-11 for 182Hf/180Hf is achieved.     

加速器质谱方法测量41Ca及其在生物医学中的应用

介绍了用AMS测量41Ca的方法及其在生物医学中的应用,以及中国原子能科学研究院目前开展4 1Ca的AMS测量及其应用研究的情况.Ca(T 1/2 =1.0×10 5 a) as a tracer, confined with Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) method and its applications are reviewed. Measurement of 41 Ca with HI-13 tandem AMS system at the China Institute of Atomic Energy is also introduced. The measurement of 41 Ca used for studying mechanism of cancer caused by carcinogenic substances and mechanism of Ca supplement in human body diseases are being developed in collaboration with Department of Occupational Health, Beijing Universit...     

加速器质谱及其小型化技术

加速器质谱(AMS)是迄今测量长寿命放射性核素灵敏度最高的分析技术,在考古、地质、环境、物理等领域得到了较为广泛的应用.随着技术的不断改进,AMS装置亦朝着小型化方向发展,并也得到了很好应用.对AMS所具有的长寿命放射性核素高灵敏分析能力的关键技术进行了综合论述,并针对小型化AMS系统所采用的特色技术进行了系统介绍.最...